Transcript Mobile IP: Introduction

Cellular IP: Integration with MIP
Reference: “Mobile IP and cellular IP integration for inter access
networks handoff”; Carli, M.; Neri, A.; Picci, A.R.; Proc.
IEEE International Conference on Communications
(ICC), 2001, pp. 2467 -2471 (CellularIPIntg-3.pdf)
Introduction
• Overall system must be able to manage
– The handoff between cells within the same
access network
– The handoff between different access networks
• Mobile IP (MIP)
– Used as an inter-subnet mobility protocol
– Macro-mobility
• Cellular IP (CIP)
– Intra subnet mobility
– Micro-mobility
– Paging management
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Introduction (cont)
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Cellular Intranet
Macro mobility
(Solution 1)
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Cellular Intranet (cont)
• Two levels of mobility management
– The local (Cellular IP)
– The global (Mobile/Cellular IP)
• Gateway (GW)
– Using the FA function, the GW filters the micromobility traffic within the CIP network
• Note that
– The MS is globally visible only if it is registered
with the HA and the cache maps of the CIP
nodes serving the MS are updated
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Cellular Intranet (cont)
• Using CIP/MIP simultaneously in MS
– Inefficient, redundant for mobility management
– Reasons
 CIP uses 2 IP packets (ICMP: registration and IP: Ack)
 MIP uses four UDP/IP packets
• Better solution
– MS macro-mobility operations can be left within
the GW operations management
– MS moves to a new BS (different access net.)
 1. MS  new BS, registration req. for routing to the MS
 2. The remaining path (core network) is organized by
the MIP, and is managed by GW/FA and HA
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CIP and MIP-RO
• For CIP-MIP protocol pair (solution 1)
– hIP: the effective throughput of the traffic
produced by two fixed sources residing in two
different IP subnets
– hCIP-MIP: the effective throughput of the traffic
produced by two mobile sources resides in two
different CIP domains
– am and af (0< am <= af <=1) relate to the mobile
host and the fixed host;
 Their values represent the percentage of ack. (control)
traffic introduced by the upper layer and the applications
used by the mobile host and the fixed host
Triangular Routing
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CIP and MIP-RO (cont)
• For CIP + MIP-RO (solution 2)
tunneling & utilization of binding cache
(Solution 2)
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CIP and MIP-RO (cont)
Steady
condition
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CIP and MIP-RO (cont)
• Protocol efficiency of CIPRO-MIPRO
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Inter-CIP Handoff
Using CIP-MIP pair
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Semi-soft Inter-CIP Handoff
Using CIPRO-MIPRO pair
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Conclusion
• Two solutions for the management of cellular
intranet are proposed:
– CIP-MIP
 Centralized on the gateway and the home agent
 Suited for security needs and client/server traffic model
– CIPRO-MIPRO
 Offers optimized routing
 Speeds up handoff procedure
 May support real-time traffic
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