Transcript age of explorations

AGE OF EXPLORATIONS
People originally believed in sea monsters
People also believed that the Earth was flat.
Ptolemy
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By the 1400s most Europeans knew that the world
was round, however there were no maps that
expanded beyond the Mediterranean Sea.
In 1406, the Europeans discovered a book
Geography that contained hand drawn maps of the
World by a Greek educated Egyptian scholar
named Ptolemy.
Hand-drawn world map from the
2nd century
Motives for traveling
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Turks captured
Constantinople in 1453.
New Technology:
Astrolabe (from the
Arabs). This device
helped find latitudes.
The Chinese invented a
compass which helped
navigators find magnetic
north.
Kings and Queens made
money by taxing trade.
1400s Portuguese explorations
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Four Strong KingdomsEngland, France, Spain, and
Portugal
Goal was to find a sea trade
route to Asia….
England and France were
fighting the Hundred Years
War……
Spain was fighting the
Muslims….
Portugal got the early jump in
the area of exploration.
Motives
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Portuguese discovered
sugarcane on Africa’s
coast line.
Sugar was valuable to
Europe, the Portuguese
began bringing
enslaved Africans to the
islands, beginning the
system of slave labor
and slave trade.
Other Motives
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A sense of adventure
Overpopulation & search for new lands
Spread of Christianity
Wealth
Henry the Navigator
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Henry the NavigatorPrince of Portugal.
He set up a research
center for shipbuilders,
sailors, and
cartographers to help
him explore the world.
Bartholomew Dias
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A Portuguese explorer
he was the first to reach
the southern tip of
Africa, he named it the
Cape of Good Hope.
Christopher Columbus- Italian Explorer
Christopher Columbus- Italian
Explorer
 His plan was to reach the West
Indies by going across the
Atlantic Ocean.
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In 1492, Ferdinand and Isabella
of Spain sponsored his
expensive voyage.
 Columbus landed in San
Salvador an island near Cuba.
However, he believed he was in
Asia.
 He returned to the island three
times, never realizing he was in
the Americas.
Columbus & Queen of Spain
Columbus lands in America
Vasco da Gama
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Portuguese explorer,
Vasco da Gama found
the eastern sea route to
India
He sailed around the
Southern tip of Africa
Vasco de Gama’s Route
Vasco de Balboa
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Vasco de Balboa was
the first European to see
the Pacific Ocean
Vasco de Balboa
Ferdinand Magellan
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1st circumnavigation of the
globe.
He sailed around the
Americas and discovered the
Strait of Magellan.
When he arrived at the vast
calm sea, he named it the
Pacific Ocean because it was
peaceful.
Magellan was killed by the
local people of the
Philippines, however his crew
completed the voyage.
Ferdinand Magellan
Magellan’s Route
Spanish Explorers
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After the voyage of Columbus- Spain wanted to build
a vast empire in the Americas.
They enslaved Native Americas and forced them to
grow sugarcane.
Spanish nobles set out to the Americas with the hope
of becoming rich, they were known as conquistadors.
Two examples are:
Hernan Cortes- conquered the Aztecs
Francisco Pizarro- conquered the Incas
Results
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Slavery
Colonialism
Mercantilism