Transcript Polly Huang

Sensor Networks Solutions to
Real Life Problems
Polly Huang
NTU, EE & INM
http://cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~phuang
Road Map
• Background
– The Up’s and Down’s of Network Research
• Along came Polly
– The attitude and the topics
• Sensor networks application and design
Background
The Up’s and Down’s of
Network Research
Network
• What’s a network?
• Have you ever thought about it?
• Try these
– Subway network, bus network, highway network
– Postal network, telephone network, mobile phone
network, computer network
– Human, social network
Network,
in the most fundamental sense are just
points and lines
The Internet, 1969
An ISP on Internet, 1999
Credit: ISI’s SCAN
Credit: CAIDA
The Significance
Communication!!
Communication?
• Human, social network
– People introduce you to their friends and so you get to
know other people
• Subway network, bus network, highway network
– People can move around and meet other people in
person (physical space)
• Postal network, telephone network, mobile phone
network, computer network
– Information can move around and meet other people in
the air (virtual space)
Network Research in EECS?
• Human, social network
– Social science, psychology
• Subway network, bus network, highway
network
– Mechanical, civil, etc engineering
• Telephone network, mobile phone network,
computer network
– EE and CS network people
The Up’s and Down’s
• Based on the history
– Telephone network (PSTN)
– Computer network and mobile phone network
• Internet and the G stuff (GSM/GPRS/3G)
Internet
G stuff
PSTN
now
80‘s
90’s
00‘s
This trend is about Research
not Industry
The industry curve is different!
(usually 10 years or so behind)
Back to Network Research
• Optical networking
– Fiber and switching
• Mobile Telephone
– Wireless media, media access, mobility
• Internet
– Protocols (TCP/IP)
– Applications (Web, P2P)
Along came Polly
The Attitude
• Research oriented
– Crazy fantasy idealistic people are welcome
– Innovations are results of creativity
– Think Newton
• Teamwork going
– We are already far from where the actions are
– Two are better than one (carefully picking the two)
• Forward looking
– Shoot for things that will be hot in the short term future
– So we can be the people to offer help (translated to big
$$) when the things are hot
– Think buying stocks
How Forward Looking?
Internet Weather
Internet
80‘s
90’s
00‘s
Sensor/device
network
Internet Weather?
Regular Weather
• What’s this?
• Weather station
interprets for us
– Sunshiny
– Temp: 30-34
Credit: 中央氣象局
Internet Weather
• What’s this?
• Internet Weather
station interprets
for us
– Connectivity
stable
– 13000+ nodes
– 68000+ links
Credit: ISI SCAN
Internet weather
•
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Internet is an ecosystem
Deeply involved in our daily lives
Just like the atmosphere
We have now daily weather reports to
determine whether to dress warm
• We need in the future continuous Internet
weather reports to determine when and how
much to bit for the stuff we want on eBay
Sensor Networks?
Computer Network
• How to pass data
around?
• Internet architects
design IP routing
to find paths
Sensor(SOC) Networks
• How to pass data
around?
• Sensor network
architects design
special routing
algorithms to Intel® Xscale CPU
Analog and digital radio
find paths
Flash and SRAM memory
Sensors
Sensors?
camera
pressure
mic
accelerometer
thermal
gyro
GPS
• Also the biomedical sensors: EMG, pulses,
emotions, etc
Sensor Nodes Today
MICA, 2001-2002
5.7cm X 3.18cm
Spec, March 2003
2mm X 2.5mm
4 MHz CPU
128K ROM 512K RAM
40kbps Radio range x00 feet
Sensors, battery not included
CPU, memory, RF transceiver
Sensors, battery, antenna not
included
< 1 dollar if mass-produced
These sensor nodes
could be the next wave
made-in-Taiwan electronics!
The Significance of
Sensor Networks
Necessary support to the
communication of sensor data
But how is this Useful?
Sensor Network Applications
Home, Office, Medicine,
Science & Nature, Agriculture
Intel Digital Home
UCSB Bren School
of Environmental Science and Management
• Day-lighting
controls
• Airflow controls
based on CO2 level
• Operable windows
control
– taking advantage of
on-site ocean
breezes
Long-Term Nursing Home
• Fall detection
• Unconsciousness
detection
• Vital sign
monitoring
• Dietary/exercise
monitoring
Camera
Muscle activity
Orientation sensor
Pressure sensor
Accelerometers
The Channel Islands Fox
Fancy Californian Winemaking
• Berkeley motes
– Taking temp per min
– Store highest and lowest temp per hour
• To add soil moisture and pest/disease monitors
Yes, Useful
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Home: Digital Home
Office: The Bren School
Medicine: Elder Care
Science & Nature: Island Fox Restoration
Agriculture: Winemaking
But how should it Work?
Sensor Network Design
Address Centric vs. Data Centric
Communication Models
• Address centric (for example IP)
– Name the nodes
– Data disseminated by the destination address
• Data centric
– Nodes desiring data expressing ‘interest of
content’
– Data disseminated based on the content
Expressing Interest
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Disseminating Data
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The Need to Go Data Centric
• Node addressing not scalable
– Difficulty of configuring/tracking small nodes
scattering around
– Cost of re-configuration of nodes moving around
• Server infrastructure not efficient
– Difficulty of deployment
• DNS and search engines in sensor networks?
– The sum of maintenance traffic (energy)
– Additional delay
– Information might be outdated by the time of
communication
More Research Issues
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Load balancing
Naming and forwarding
Service differentiation
…
Sensor Network Conclusion
• What more convenience can technologies bring?
• Context-aware and intelligent services anywhere
and anytime
• We need small devices with processing, sensing,
and communication capabilities (SOCs)
• See ‘communication’?
• We need to design all over again how to network
these SOCs
As I said
Two is better than One
Network and System Lab
http://nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw/
• People
• Mission
– 1 faculty member
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Polly Huang
1989-1993 NTU Math (BS)
1994-1999 USC CS (Ph.D)
1999-2002 ETHZ EE (Postdoc.)
2002-2002 UCLA IPAM (Fellow)
2003- now NTU EE (Assistant
Prof.)
– 10 grad students
– 3 undergrads
– The Network and System
Laboratory pursues
research towards building
robust and scalable
communication systems
– We are generally interested
in the design, modeling,
simulation, and
performance issues of
such networked systems
Questions?