Transcript Windows Server 2012 Storage Overview

Forrester says
TCO Results from Early Adopters
56 companies participated in the Windows Server 2012
Rapid Deployment Program (“RDP”) from April to October 2012
36%
Americas
13%
APAC
52%
EMEA
50% reduction in
27% reduction in
35% reduction in
83% respondents
annual unplanned system
downtime
workload deployment
time
103% improvement
in VM workload density
(VMs per host)
annual planned system
downtime
experienced improvement in
end-user productivity
51% reduction in
physical hardware and
associated utility costs
“By making it easier for employees to connect from
more locations and access the applications they need
faster, Windows Server 2012 gives us a strong
competitive edge. It provides the flexibility that is so
important in our industry – without the need to
sacrifice IT control.”
– IT Manager at a large telecommunications company in Europe.
27% reduction in
storage space
“We saved U.S.$50,000
by eliminating use of a
number of VMware
licenses.”
– IT Manager at a Retail
Company based in Australia.
1
Hyper-V Network
Virtualization
2
Shared-nothing live
migration
6
Hardware
offloading
3
Virtual Fibre
Channel
Cluster
enhancements
Massive scale
7
4
8
Guest NUMA
support
5
Hyper-V Replica
9
Runtime memory
configuration
10
Hyper-V network
switch
TOP FEATURES OF STORAGE TO MEET CUSTOMER CHALLENGES
1
2
File system
improvements
Storage spaces
6
Offloaded data
transfer
3
Transparent failover
Cluster Shared
Volume
Thin provisioning
7
4
8
NFS support
SMB 3.0 for
workloads
9
iSCSI target
5
1
2
Network
virtualization
NIC Teaming
6
Dynamic Virtual
Machine Queue
3
Quality of Service
(QoS)
Single Root I/O
Virtualization
(SR-IOV)
DHCP server
failover
7
8
BranchCache
4
5
Resource Metering
1
Multiserver
management
2
Role and feature
deployment
3
Integrated console
5
Windows
PowerShell Web
Access
2,400 cmdlets
6
Windows
PowerShell ISE
4
SCALE AND
PERFORMANCE
MAXIMUM NUMBER
System
Resource
Windows 2008 R2
Windows Server 2012
Improvement
factor
Host
Logical processors on
hardware
64
320
5×
Physical memory
1 TB
4 TB
4×
Virtual processors per host
512
2,048
4×
Virtual processors per virtual
machine
4
64
16×
Memory per virtual machine
64 GB
1 TB
16×
Active virtual machines
384
1,024
2.7×
Nodes
16
64
4×
Virtual machines
1,000
8,000
4×
Virtual
machine
Cluster
8
9
10
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ENTERPRISE-CLASS
FEATURES ON LESS
EXPENSIVE HARDWARE
Windows Application Server or File Server
Storage Pools and Storage
Spaces
Physical or
virtualized
deployments
Integrated
with other
Windows
Server 2012
capabilities
Windows
Virtualized
Storage
• Virtualization of storage with
• Storage resilience and
File Server Administration
Console
Hyper-V
Failover Clustering
NTFS
SMB Direct
Cluster Shared Volume
NFS
Windows Storage Mgmt.
SMB Multichannel
availability with commodity
hardware
• Resiliency and data
redundancy through
n-way mirroring (clustered or
unclustered) or parity mode
(unclustered)
• Utilization optimized through
Storage Space
Storage Space
Storage Space
thin and trim provisioning and
enclosure awareness
• Integration with other
Storage Pool
Storage Pool
Windows Server 2012
capabilities
• Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)
Physical
Storage
and Serial AT Attachment
(SATA) interconnects
(Shared) SAS or SATA
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100
GB
100
GB
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Simple Spaces vs. Native Disks
Write Throughput
Simple Spaces
Native Disks
5000
5000
4000
4000
Throughput MB/s
Throughput MB/s
Simple Spaces vs. Native Disks
Read Throughput
3000
2000
1000
Native Disks
3000
2000
1000
0
0
1
2
4
1MB Sequential Read, 7.2K RPM SAS
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12
16
20
24
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Simple Spaces vs. Native Disks
Read IOPS
32
1
Native Disks
7000
6000
6000
5000
4000
4
8
12
16
20
24
Simple Spaces vs. Native Disks
Write IOPS
Simple Spaces
5000
2
1MB Sequential Write, 7.2K RPM SAS
IOPS
IOPS
Simple Spaces
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32
Simple Spaces
Native Disks
4000
3000
3000
2000
2000
1000
1000
0
0
1
2
4K Random Read, 7.2K RPM SAS
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
1
2
4K Random Write, 7.2K RPM SAS
4
8
12
16
20
24
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ENTERPRISE-CLASS
FEATURES ON LESS
EXPENSIVE HARDWARE
Maximize capacity by removing
duplicate data
VHD Library
• 2:1 with file shares, 20:1 with virtual
storage
• Less data to back up, archive, and
migrate
Software Deployment
Share
Increased scale and performance
• Low CPU and memory impact
• Configurable compression schedule
• Transparent to primary server workload
General File
Share
Improved reliability and integrity
User Home Folder
(My Docs)
• Redundant metadata and critical data
• Checksums and integrity checks
• Increase availability through redundancy
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Average savings with Data Deduplication by workload type
Faster file download times with
BranchCache
Source: “Microsoft Internal Testing"
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ENTERPRISE-CLASS
FEATURES ON LESS
EXPENSIVE HARDWARE
• Higher performance
Without
With RDMA
RDMA
File Client
File Server
App
Buffer
SMB
Buffer
SMB
Buffer
through offloading of
network I/O processing
onto network adapter
• High throughput with
low latency and ability to
take advantage of highspeed networks (such as
InfiniBand and iWARP)
• Remote storage at the
OS
Buffer
OS
Buffer
Driver
Buffer
Driver
Buffer
speed of direct storage
• Transfer rate of around
50 Gbs on a single NIC
port
• Compatible with SMB
Adapter
Buffer
rNIC
NIC
iWARP
InfiniBand
rNIC
NIC
Adapter
Buffer
Multichannel for load
balancing and failover
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ENTERPRISE-CLASS
FEATURES ON LESS
EXPENSIVE HARDWARE
• Highly available, shared
Microsoft
SQL Server
Hyper-V Cluster
SMB
• Increased flexibility, and
Single Logical Server \\Foo\Share
easier provisioning and
management
File Server
Cluster
• Ability to take advantage
of existing network
infrastructure
Single File System Namespace
• No application downtime
Cluster Shared Volumes
Windows
Virtualized
Storage
Storage
Space
RAID
Array
Storage Pool
Physical
Storage
SAN
RAID
Storage Space
Array
data store for SQL Server
databases and Hyper-V
workloads
Storage SpaceRAID
Array
Storage Pool
for planned maintenance
or unplanned failures with
failover clustering
• Highly available scale-out
file server
• Built-in encryption
support
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CONTINUOUS
APPLICATION
AVAILABILITY
• Automatic detection and use of multiple network
connections between SMB client and server
SMB
client
NIC
• Helps server applications be resilient to network
failure
• Transparent Failover with recovery of network
failure if another connection is unavailable
SMB
server
NIC
File
copy
File
copy
• Improved throughput
• Bandwidth aggregation through NIC
Teaming
• Multiple nodes/CPUs for network
processing with RSS-capable network
adapters
NIC
NIC
• Automatic configuration with very little
administrative overhead
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20
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IMPROVED
PERFORMANCE,
MORE CHOICE
Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)
Token-based data transfer between
intelligent storage arrays
Benefits
• Rapid virtual machine provisioning and
migration
• Faster transfers on large files
• Minimized latency
• Maximized array throughput
• Less CPU and network use
• Performance not limited by network
throughput or server use
• Improved datacenter capacity and scale
External Intelligent Storage Array
Token
Virtual Disk
Virtual Disk
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• Live Migration with High Availability
 Live Migrate among servers in a failover cluster
• SMB Live Migration
 Live Migrate VMs among servers with SMB storage
• Live Storage Migration
 Live Migrate VM storage from one volume to another without downtime
• Share Nothing (SNO) Live Migration
 Live Migrate VMs among servers with nothing, but an Ethernet connection
Live Migrate VM and
Storage Between
Clusters
Standalone
Standalone
Live Migrate VM and Storage
to Clusters
Live Migrate VM and Storage
to Stand-Alone Server
Cluster
Cluster
You can move a VM anywhere in your datacenter with zero downtime!
VIRTUAL MACHINE
MOBILITY
Benefits
• Increase flexibility of virtual machine
placement
Source
Hyper-V
Virtual
machine
MEMORY
No shared storage among
VM’s
Disk
Reads
Disk
contents
writes
and writes
are
arecopied
mirrored;
go totothe
new
Live
Live Migration
Migration Completes
Continues
outstanding
source VHD.
destination
source
changes
Live Migration
VHD
VHD
are replicated
Begins
Destination
Hyper-V
Live Migration
Configuration
data
Modified
memory
pages
Memory
content
Virtual
machine
IP connection
• Increase administrator efficiency
• Reduce downtime for migrations across
cluster boundaries
Source device
Target device
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IMPROVED
PERFORMANCE,
MORE CHOICE
Access Fibre Channel SAN
data from a virtual machine
Hyper-V host 1
Hyper-V host 2
• Virtualize workloads that require direct
access to FC storage
• Live migration support
• N_Port ID Virtualization (NPIV) support
Worldwide
Name Set A
Worldwide
Name Set B
Worldwide
Name Set A
• Single Hyper-V host connected to different
SANs
• Up to four Virtual Fibre Channel adapters
on a virtual machine
• Multipath I/O (MPIO) functionality
Live migration maintaining
Fibre Channel connectivity
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“Windows Server 2012 literally saved my business,” says Aaron Katsman, Owner of
the Law Offices of Aaron I. Katsman, P.C. “Had we not had Hyper-V Replica in
place, we would have lost a week of work time, but the damage would have
been far greater because we would have lost customers. Even though our
physical office was shut down, we were open for business.”
Matt Seif, Vice President of CSU Industries, echoes Katsman’s assessment. “Thanks
to Hyper-V Replica and WorkITsafe, we were able to provide uninterrupted critical
IT services to our clients in the northeast United States and the world—before,
during, and after the storm. As a global support provider, we cannot explain to
a customer in Germany that we cannot dispatch a technician to the
customer’s data center in Singapore because of a hurricane in New York.
Even though we had no power, our offices were shut down, and our employees were
scattered, it was business as usual to our customers.”
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VIRTUAL MACHINE
MOBILITY
Primary site
New feature
Replicate Hyper-V virtual machines from a
primary site to a replica site
Benefits
• Affordable in-box business continuity and
disaster recovery
• Failure recovery in minutes
• More secure replication across network
• No need for storage arrays
• No need for other software replication
technologies
• Automatic handling of live migration
• Simpler configuration and management
Replica site
Exchange virtual machine
IIS virtual machine
CRM virtual machine
SQL virtual machine
SharePoint virtual
machine
Exchange
replica
virtual
machine
CRM
replica
virtual
machine
R2
P1
P2
Replicate over
WAN link
R3
R1
SMB file share
SAN
Hyper-V role and tools
Hyper-V role and tools
Hyper-V
cmdlets
Hyper-V PS
integrated UI
Hyper-V
cmdlets
Hyper-V PS
integrated UI
Send/receive
replica traffic
Hyper-V Management Module
tracks and replicates changes for
each virtual machine
Hyper-V Management Module
receives and applies the changes to
the replica virtual machine
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OPEN AND
EXTENSIBLE
Single Root I/O Virtualization
(SR-IOV)
• Increases network throughput
• Reduces network latency
• Reduces host CPU overhead for processing
network traffic
Benefits
• Maximizes use of host system processors
and memory
Virtual machine
Network stack
Software NIC
Virtual function (VF)
Hyper-V Extensible Switch
• Handles the most demanding workloads
SR-IOV network adapter
VF
VF
VF
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ISOLATION AND
MULTITENANCY
Features
• Uses resource pools
• Compatible with all Hyper-V
operations
• Unaffected by virtual machine
movement
• Uses Network Metering Port
ACLs
Benefits of Resource
Metering
• Easier to track virtual machine
use
• Can be used to aggregate
data for multiple virtual
machines
• Can be used to build accurate
lookback and chargeback
solutions
• Easier to obtain resource use
data
10
15
25
20
5
30
0
Metrics
Average CPU use
Average memory use
Resource Pool Internet
Resource Metering
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50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
05
Resource Pool
Internet
Customer 2
Resource Pool
Internet
Customer 1
Minimum memory use
Maximum memory use
Maximum disk allocation
Incoming network traffic
Outgoing network traffic
20
45
30
0
Virtual Machine
Resource Metering
25
10
40
0
A two-tenant environment built with
Hyper-V in Windows Server 2012
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Simplified Deployment
• Integrate preparation steps into the promotion
•
•
•
•
•
process
Automate the pre-requisites between each of
them
Validate environment-wide pre-requisites before
beginning deployment
Integrated with Server Manager and remoteable
Built on Windows PowerShell for command-line
and UI consistency
Configuration wizard aligns to the most
common deployment scenarios
Domain Controllers & Virtualization
DC2
Timeline of events
DC1
TIME: T1
Create
Snapshot
USN: 100
ID: A
RID Pool: 500 - 1000
+100
users
added NOT
USN
rollback
TIME: T2
TIME: T3
detected: only 50 users converge across the two DCs
USN:
All others
are either on one or the other DC
200
RID Pool: 600DC2 receives
USNs >100
ID: Aprincipals (users in this example)
100 security
with updates:
RIDs 500-599
have conflicting
SIDs
1000
DC1(A)
@USN = 200
T1 Snapshot USN: 100
Applied!
ID: A
RID Pool: 500 - 1000
+150 more users created
TIME: T4
USN: 250
ID: A
RID Pool: 650 - 1000
DC2 receives updates: USNs >200
DC1(A)
@USN = 250
Virtualization-Safe Technology
• Windows Server 2012 virtual DCs able to detect when:
• snapshots are applied
• a VM is copied
• Built on a generation identifier (VM-generation ID) that is changed
when virtualization-features such as VM-snapshot are used
• Windows Server 2012 virtual DCs track the VM-generation ID to
detect changes and protect Active Directory
Domain Controller Cloning
• Create replicas of virtualized DCs by cloning existing ones
• i.e. copy the VHD through hypervisor-specific export + import operations
• Simplify interaction & deployment-dependencies between Hypervisor
and Active Directory admins
• note that the authorization of clones remains under Enterprise/Domain Admins’ control
• Game-changer for disaster-recovery
• requires ONLY a single Windows Server 2012 virtual DC per domain to quickly recover
an entire forest
• subsequent DCs can be rapidly deployed drastically reducing time to steady-state
• Enables elastic provisioning capabilities to support private-cloud
deployments, etc.
Who all used AD recycle bin in past?
Recycle Bin User Interface
• Simplify object recovery
through the inclusion of a
Deleted Objects node in the
Active Directory Administrative
Center
• deleted objects can now be
recovered within the graphical user
interface
• Greatly reduces recovery-time
by providing a discoverable,
consistent view of deleted
objects
Expression-based access policy
File Server
AD DS
User claims
User.Department = Finance
User.Clearance = High
Device claims
Device.Department = Finance
Device.Managed = True
Resource properties
Resource.Department = Finance
Resource.Impact = High
ACCESS POLICY
Applies to: @File.Impact = High
Allow | Read, Write | if (@User.Department == @File.Department) AND (@Device.Managed == True)
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Pre-2012: Security Principals Only
•
•
•
•
•
Restricted to making policy decisions based on the user’s group memberships
Shadow groups are often created to reflect existing attributes as groups
Groups have rules around who can be members of which types of groups
No way to transform groups across AD trust boundaries
No way to control access based on characteristics of user’s device
Windows Server 2012: Security Principals, User Claims, Device Claims
•
•
•
•
•
Selected AD user/computer attributes are included in the security token
Claims can be used directly in file server permissions
Claims are consistently issued to all users in a forest
Claims can be transformed across trust boundaries
Enables newer types of policies that weren’t possible before:
• Example: Allow Write if User.MemberOf(Finance) and User.EmployeeType=FullTime and
Device.Managed=True
Pre-2012: ’OR’ of groups only
• Led to group bloat
• Consider 500 projects, 100 countries, 10 divisions
• 500,000 total groups to represent every combination:
• ProjectZ UK Engineering Users
• ProjectZ Canada Engineering Users [etc…]
Windows Server 2012: ‘AND’ in expressions
• ACE conditions allow multiple groups with Boolean logic
• Example: Allow modify IF MemberOf(ProjectZ) AND MemberOf(UK) AND MemberOf(Engineering)
• 610 groups instead of 500,000
Windows Server 2012: with Central Access Policies
• 3 User Claims
Active Directory Windows PowerShell History Viewer
• Allow administrators to view the
Windows PowerShell commands
executed when using the
Administrative Center, e.g.
• the administrator adds a user to a group
• the UI displays the equivalent Active
Directory Windows PowerShell command
• Administrator’s can copy the resulting syntax
and integrate it into their scripts
• Reduces learning-curve
• Increases confidence in scripting
• Further enhances Windows
PowerShell discoverability
CONTINUOUS
APPLICATION
AVAILABILITY
Third-party cloud
Microsoft online
backup portal
• Sign up
• Billing
Registration
Third-party online
backup portal
Microsoft online
backup service
Windows Server
2012
Third-party online
backup service
Backup/
Restore
Inbox engine
Inbox UI
Windows Server 2012
backup (extensible)
• Sign up
• Billing
• Ability to leverage
Windows Azure cloud
services to back up data
• Reduced cost for backup
storage and
management
• Options for third-party
cloud services
• Ideal for small
Registration
businesses, branch
offices, and
departmental business
needs
Agents
• Microsoft online backup
• Third-party agents
IT Pro
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