Transcript Age of Exploration

Age of Exploration
Exploration Quiz
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1. List 2 reasons that people began to explore new areas.
2. True/False. One motive for exploration was religious zeal, people wanted to spread their
religions to new areas.
Vasco Da Gama
Hernando Cortez
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Christopher Columbus
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Amerigo Vespucci
Treaty of Tordesillas
Francisco Pizarro
Triangular Trade Route
3. ____ This explorer was the first to sail around the tip of Africa, to get to Asia.
4. ____ This involved the trade of rum, slaves, and manufactured goods between Europe,
Africa, and the Americas.
5. ____ This treaty divided newly explored territories between Spain and Portugal.
6. ____ This man discovered South America, therefore the continents of North/South America
are named in his honor.
7. ____ This conquistador conquered the Incas.
8. ____This explorer discovered the Bahamas and Hispaniola, although he thought that he had
reached Asia.
9. ____ This caused the population of the Americas to rise, while causing the poulation of Africa
to decline.
10. ____ This conquistador conquered the Aztecs.
Means of Exploration
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Europeans had been
attracted to Asia
They wanted spices of
the East
Had hopes of finding
precious metals
Religious zeal
New technology
Reasons For Exploration
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In search for spices and profits
Asia crusades = more interest in Asia
The “White Mans Burden” [ the desire to
spread Christianity ]
Ability/need to use technology
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Mapmaking
Navigation equipment
New ships – Caravel
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Ships with triangular sails and pulleys
The Rise of Portugal's Trading Empire
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Portugal began to trade in 1420.
1488 Bartholomew Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope
(Africa) opening new trade routs
Vasco da Gama leaves in May of 1498 sails around cape
of Good Hope and brought back goods/spices.
Admiral Afonso de Albuquerque sails into Melaka in
search for the center of spice trade – it was found.
In the Spice Islands a treaty was signed stating that the
spice trade was in control of the Portuguese.
Vasco Da Gama
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Vasco Da Gama sails
around Africa (Cape of
Good Hope) into the
Indian Ocean and then
into India.
He sails in search of
more spice trading
ports
Columbus
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An Italian who sails for
Spain
Three trips were
financed by Ferdinand
and Isabella
Columbus thought the
area he discovered was
India but it was actually
Hispanola
Columbus’ Voyages to America
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Was not the first to
discover America
Founded the Bahamas
in 1492
Columbus discovered
Hispaniola in 1493;
thought it was India.
Columbus sailed to
central America in 1502
Columbus’ Voyages [in order]
Treaty of Tordesillas
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Signed at Tordesillas on June 7, 1494;
Demarcation line east of Pope Alexander’s
line
Divided Europe into the Spanish and
Portuguese
Lands to the east = Portuguese and west =
Spain
John Cabot
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Sailed to
Newfoundland, Cape
Breton Island
Explored Canadian
coastline
Worked to discover
Northwest Passage
Mapped North America
coast line from Nova
Scotia to Newfoundland
Amerigo Vespucci
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Italian
Sails for Spain and Portugal
First to realize America was
a separate continent from
Asia
Discovered the mouth of the
Amazon and Orinoco Rivers
in South America
The Americas are named
after him
The Arrival of Spanish in Americas
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It took Hernando Cortes’ three years to take
over Aztec Empire
1550 Spain gained control of Northern
Mexico
Francisco Pizarro took control of the Inca
Empire
Within thirty years the western part of Latin
America was under Spanish control
Conquistadors
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Spanish fortune
hunters
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Hernando Cortes’
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Destroyed Aztec empire
Francisco Pizarro
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Destroys Inca civilization
Columbian Exchange
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Eastern and Western Hemispheres began to
trade.
Began when Christopher Columbus made his
first voyage to America
A wide term used to explain the widespread
exchange of plants, animals, foods, and
human populations.
Ferdinand Magellan
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Led his first exploration
to circum navigate the
globe
Dies near Philippines
but part of expedition
survives
Competition and Economic Impact
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Longed for Gold and Silver
Colonists established plantations and
ranches to raise sugar, cotton, vanilla, and
livestock.
Americas natural resources were shipped to
Europe.
Mercantilism
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Economic system based on favorable
balance of trade export > imports.
Country’s government should do all it could to
increase nations wealth
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Measured by amount of gold and silver in its
possession
Wealth seen to be fixed on a world wide basis
Only way to gain wealth was to take it from some
other country
Slave Trade
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Slave Trade – A
explorer sails across
the ocean to trade
slaves fro other goods.
Slave Trade began in
1452
Pope Nicholas V issued
the papal bull Dum
Diversas which allowed
Afonso V of Portugal to
begin slave trade.
Middle Passage
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The forced transportation of African people
from Africa to the new world.
Middle portion of the Triangular Trade
Route was as follows –
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Europe
Africa
Americas
Back to Europe . . . etc.
Triangular Trade Route
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A historical term indicating
trade between 3 ports or
regions.
Involved exports and
imports
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Exports – goods being
shipped out
Imports – goods being
brought in
Sugar, tobacco, and cotton
to Europe.
Textiles, rum, and
manufactured goods to
Africa.
Slaves to the Americas.
Effects of Slave Trade
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Brought Africans into the Americas
Population grew in the Americas and shrank
in Africa
Because of more slaves more cotton was
grown therefore more slaves were able to be
traded.
All countries/continents involved in the slave
trade benefited because they were able to
gain goods they did not possess before.
New/ Changing Political Systems
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Political system - a system of politics and
government.
Southeast Asian states evolved into 4 types
of monarchy
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Buddhist kings – chief form of government
Javanese kings – rooted in the political traditions
of India
Islamic sultans – found in the Malay Peninsula
Vietnamese emperors – followed the Chinese
model
Arrival of Europeans in Southeast Asia
and the Islands
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1511 the Europeans seized Melaka and
Moluccas.
Portuguese used to possess the Spice
Islands [ Moluccas ] but they lacked the
military and financial resources to gain the
main areas back.
They decided to set up small settlements on
the coast that were used as trading posts
Bureaucracy of the Era and the Effects of
the Bureaucracy
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Bureaucracy – a body of nonselective
government officials
Made up of mainly aristocrats
The people got mad
Changed to absolutism