Transcript CH 16.1
Voyages of
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Chapter 16.1
Foundations of Exploration
During the Renaissance, a spirit of
discovery and innovation had been
awakened in Europe.
Europeans set sail on voyages of
discovery to find new lands or new
routes to places already known.
This period is sometimes called the Age
of Exploration.
Motivations
for
Exploration
Motivations for Exploration
GOLD
WHY?
Money = Power
They looked for faster
routes to India and China
The faster you get there
the more money
you make.
GLORY
Wanted to bring honor
to their names for a
new discovery
GOD
chance to introduce new
populations to Christianity
CURIOSITY
What is out there?
GOLD
Age of exploration caused by
people and countries that wanted
to get rich.
How?
Trade
Spices, Silk, Perfume and Jade
From China and India
Trade controlled by Italian merchants
that charged high prices to Europeans.
Explorers wanted to find new and faster
routes to India and China to control the
trade.
Whoever controls the trade…gets RICH!
The faster you get there and back, the
more money you make.
Advances in Technology
Compass
From the Chinese
Let sailors know what
direction was North
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Astrolabe
From the Muslims
Allowed navigators to
calculate their location
based on the position of
the sun and stars in
relation to the horizon.
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Advances in Technology
Shipbuilding
Deep-draft ships
Hold more cargo
Carry more supplies
Caravel- light fast
sailing ship
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Steered by rudder at
the rear
Lateen sails allowed it
to sail in any direction
Caravel with lateen sails
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Explorers from
Portugal and Spain
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Explorers from
Portugal and Spain
The Portuguese
First country to launch large-scale voyages of
exploration.
Prince Henry the Navigator
Patron and supporter of exploration
Established small court with mapmakers,
astronomers,others interested in navigation
Explored African coast
Found gold and slave available here
Ultimate goal: find a water route around Africa to India
The Portuguese
(1488) Bartolomeu Dias became first
European to attempt sailing around the tip
of Africa. (Cape of Good Hope)
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Vasco da Gama
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(1497) first to sail from
Portugal (around Africa)
to India.
Found that Muslim
traders were already
involved in trade.
Helped Portuguese
control this trade route
Result: Portugal
became one of the
richest and most
powerful nations in
Europe.
The Spanish
Christopher Columbus
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Believed he could sail west
from Spain and reach China
No idea the Americas were
there.
Landed in Caribbean but
thought he was in China or
East Indies
Called inhabitants Indians.
Thought he found a new
route to India….WRONG!
Made three more voyages
Columbus’ Map
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First Voyage
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Second Voyage
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Third Voyage
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Vasco Nunez de Balboa
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Led expedition
across the Isthmus
of Panama.
Became the first
European to see the
Pacific Ocean
Ferdinand Magellan
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(1519)Sailed for Spain
Five ships with 250
men.
Magellan killed in
Philippines.
Crew finally arrived in
Spain in 1522 with only
18 survivors.
First to
circumnavigate the
globe.
The English
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John Cabot- explored
coast of Canada
Sir Francis Drake2nd man to sail around
the world.
Henry Hudson(1607) sailed for the
Dutch in search of the
Northwest Passage
The French
(1534)Jacques Cartier
sailed along St.
Lawrence River and
claimed as New France
Searched for NW
Passage but never
found it.
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The Dutch
Henry Hudsonsearched for Northeast
Passage in 1609
(failure)
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Northern route to China
Looked for Northwest
Passage through the
Americas
Hudson River
Hudson Bay
•Why in the world are they
looking for all of these
passages?!!!!!!
•$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Henry Hudson’s Voyages
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Hudson’s Half Moon
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