Transcript Hello

Building Systems: A Workshop for IT
Professionals
How buildings operate
Sean Kennedy – VP Integration Services, Voyant
Solutions
Jeff Bredeson – VP Regulated Environments, Voyant
Solutions
1
Agenda and Topics
• The Mechanics of Buildings
• HVAC Control Systems
– 10 minute break
• Access Control Systems
• CCTV/Security
• Lighting Systems
– 10 minute break
• System Integration
• Energy Management
• Building Automation Industry
2
Penthouse
Mech Systems
System Integration
Control Room
BMS
Front Door
Access Cntl
Elec Room
Lighting
Energy Mgmt
3
Security
CCTV
Penthouse
Mech Systems
4
The Mechanics of the Building
(HVAC)
Building Mechanicals
• Function – components of the mechanical
systems work together to handle the HVAC
needs of the building or process
• Types
– Boilers
– Chillers
– Cooling Towers
– Air Handling Units
– Air Distribution/Variable Air Volume (VAV)
– Packaged Equipment
5
Boilers
• Function – provides hot water or steam for
heating the building or for process needs
• Types
– Fire Tube
– Water Tube
– Modular
6
Chillers
• Function – provides chilled water for cooling
the building or for process needs
• Types
– Centrifugal
– Screw
– Reciprocating
– Absorption
7
Cooling Towers
• Function – moves heat from the process
water that was extracted from the building
or process out of the building or process
• Types
8
Air Handling Units
• Function – conditions air (heats, cools,
humidifies, dehumidifies) for distribution
around the building
• Types
– Packaged Units
– Built-up Air Handlers
• Constant Volume
• Variable Volume
9
Air Distribution & VAV
• Function – delivers conditioned air (from the
AHU) to spaces in need (based on a call
from a sensor)
• Types/components
– Plenum
– Ductwork
– Terminal Boxes
– Diffusers
10
Packaged Equipment
• Function – Air Handling Units that have
been packaged for sale based on industry
demand
• Types
– Roof Top Units
– Split Systems
– Unit Ventilators
– Heat Pumps
Warehouse
Home
11
Control Room
BMS
HVAC Control Systems
12
History of Controls
• Function – automates the functions of the
mechanical equipment which reduces
human interaction and energy consumption
• Types
– Mechanical Controls
– Pneumatic Controls
– Electric Controls
– Direct Digital Controls
– HMI and Graphics
13
Mechanical Control
• Function – relied upon human interaction to
control the Manual Valves and Dampers that
controlled air and water flow
• History
– First type of control system
– 1800’s-1930’s
14
Pneumatic Control
• Function – used distributed, pressurized air to
automatically open and close the dampers and
actuators that controlled the flow of air and water
in a building
• History
–
–
–
–
Big advancement from mechanical controls
State of the Art in 1930’s
Still used today (explosion proof areas, older buildings)
Disadvantages
•
•
•
•
15
No monitoring capability
No centralized control
Pneumatic systems are hard to maintain
Used more in process than HVAC apps
Electric Control
• Function – used voltage signals (0-10Vdc)
to control mechanical devices in the building
• History
– Developed in 1960’s
– Very popular for a short period (1960’s-1970’s)
– Example = Invensys System 8000
– Advantages – more maintainable (no
compressors)
– Disadvantages – not networkable = no central
monitoring or control
16
Direct Digital Controls
• Function – creates a network of embedded computers that
use digital signals (1’s and 0’s), sent over proprietary
and/or open networks, as messages to initiate control
through electric or pneumatic operators
• History
– 1980’s to present
– OEM’s created their own proprietary protocols
• Some still use
– JCI
» N1 – proprietary TCP/IP
» N2 – published RS-485
– Invensys
» NW8000 – proprietary TCP/IP, RS-485
» DMS – proprietary TCP/IP, RS-485
– Siemens Building Technology
» Apogee – proprietary TCP/IP, RS-485
17
Sell the Sizzle
• Function – uses computerized graphical images to
allow the operator to monitor, control and
troubleshoot the building from a central location
• History
– Developed for DDC Systems
– Graphical User Interface (GUI)
– Human Machine Interface (HMI)
•
•
•
•
18
Started as proprietary software for use with specific systems
Open Systems are changing HMI market
Initially all GUIs and HMI were thick client applications
Thin Client – hosted application that uses the web or intranet as
a means of distributing graphics and data
Telecom Home
Intermission
Let’s take a 10 minute break
19
Front Door
Access Cntl
Access Control Systems
20
Who is in Your Building??
• Function – allows the building occupant to
know who is in the building and prevent
building access to any unwanted or
uninvited people
– Access control systems
– Portal control and hardware
• History
– Keyed Doors
– Manned Security
– Digital Controls
21
Access Control Systems
• Access Control Functions
– Human Inventory
– Asset Protection
– HR Implications (ease of adding/removing
badges)
– Traffic Flow Control
– Access-initiated HVAC Control
22
Portal Control
• Doors
• Gates
• Turnstiles
School
Home
23
CCTV/Security
24
Security
CCTV
Personnel & Asset Protection
• Cameras
• Digital Video Recorders (DVR)
• Video Distribution
Security
25
Home
Elec Room
Lighting
Lighting Systems
26
Lighting the Way
•
•
•
•
27
Lighting for Function
Lighting for Productivity
Business Implications of Lighting
Energy Implications of Lighting
Lighting for Function
• Task Lighting
– Switched on based on demand
– Not typically scheduled
– Can be motion controlled
– Examples
• Desk Lights
28
Lighting for Productivity
• Good lighting schemes promote
Good Productivity
– Natural sunlight
• Reduces building energy spend
• Improves productivity
• Improves environment for building
occupants
29
Business Implications
• Increased productivity of workforce =
increased efficiency
• Decreased energy costs = increased bottom
line
• Healthier environment = reduced sick time
30
Energy Implications
• Lighting can be very expensive
– Talk about % cost reduction by correcting
lighting issues
– New technology
• T-8/12
• Dimmable ballasts
• LonWorks
– Scheduling
– Monitoring
– Load Shedding
School
31
Home
Intermission
Let’s take a 10 minute break
32
System Integration
Systems Integration
33
Making Buildings Talk
• Systems Integration
(BMS, ACS, CCTV,
Lighting)
• Building Integration
– Campus
– Multi-site
• IT Integration
– LAN
– MAN
– WAN
34
LonWorks
BacNet
Integration
Engine
Proprietary
Systems Integration
Open Systems - Why have 5 different systems
that don’t communicate?
• LonWorks
• BACNet
– BMS
•
•
•
•
TAC
Voyant
Distech
Honeywell
– Access Control
• Circon
– BMS
LonWorks
BacNet
Integration
Engine
– CCTV/Security
• Dina
35
– Access Control
• ????
– CCTV/Security
– Lighting Control
• ????
– Lighting Control
• Hubble
• Leviton
• Alerton
• Automated Logic
• Trane
Proprietary
Building Integration
• Making diverse systems in multi-building
and campus environments communicate
• Best example = Public Sector
– Campus built over time
– Systems installed by lowest bidder
– Results in – multiple systems that do not
communicate
36
Integration Solutions
•
•
•
•
37
Thick Client Orientated Systems
Web-Based Systems
Web Services
oBIX
IT Integration
• Integrating the building systems into the
overall IT infrastructure = IT Convergence
• Database Integration
• ERP/Business Framework Integration
• XML
Offices
38
Home
Energy Mgmt
39
Energy Management
Focus on Green
• Reasons for Energy Management
– Conserve natural resources
– Save money
• Enabling Energy Management through
effective building control
• Components of Energy Management
– Data Acquisition
– Data Loggers
– Meters/submeters
– AMR
40
Energy Management Components
• Integrated systems and buildings
– Allows data aggregation for volume leveraging
– Enables proper energy monitoring and reporting
• Functional Metering
– Divide the loads based on functional operation
– Enables load shedding decisions to be made
• Energy Management Software
– Pulls energy data to single database
– Enables good decision making
Plexus
41
Home
Energy Mgmt Tools
Things to Look For:
Scalability
Reporting Capability
Flexibility
42
Building Controls Industry
43
The Players and the Process
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
44
Owners
Building Managers
Architects
Engineers
General Contractors
Construction Managers
Mechanical Contractors
Electrical Contractors
Controls Contractors
System Integrators
Follow the Money
Owner
Pays for it ALL
Construction Manager
Owner’s Rep
General Contractor
Runs the Project, Schedule & Budget
Mechanical
Contractor
Electrical
Contractor
Controls
Contractor
System Integrator
45
Architect
Designs the building
System Integrator
Engineers
Building
Manager
Facility Management
System Integrator
Sales Approaches/Processes
• Bid/Spec
– Division 15, 16, 17
• Design/Build
• Negotiated
– Performance Contracting
– Direct to Owner
– Service Contracts
• FMSI
46
Specification
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
47
Traditional new construction approach
Owner-Arch-Engineer
Engineer Specifies Systems
Engineer Enforces Specification
Results in Low Bidder Winning Job
Creates Adversarial Relationships
Can Be Done in a Design/Build Approach
Performance Contracting
• Guaranteed PC
–
–
–
–
–
Energy Audit and Analysis
Savings determination = ROI
Savings guarantee
Financing
Popular in Public Sector
• Request for Proposal
• Non-guaranteed PC
–
–
–
–
48
Energy Audit and Analysis
Financing
No guaranteed savings = ROI
Popular in Private Sector/Direct to Owner
FMSI
System Installed and Provided by
TCC
System Software and Hardware
Integration Provided by FMSI
System Software and Integration
Provided by FMSI, Hardware
Provided by TCC
Building ‘A’-Voyant
Solutions LonWorks
Network LON Terminator
LON Terminator
NSX1000
Enterprise Server- Alarms and
Validated Data Storage
Building ‘B’- TAC
LonWorks Network
LON Terminator
LON Terminator
Altitude Enterprise
Manager
NSX1000
TCP / IP
Building ‘C’- Honeywell
LonWorks Network
LON Terminator
NSX10
LON Terminator
NSX1000
Workstation (Remote Lightweight Client)
Net. Interface Name:
IP Address:
Subnet Mask:
Gateway:
Port:
Workstation (Remote Lightweight Client)
Net. Interface Name:
IP Address:
Subnet Mask:
Gateway:
Port:
49
Building ‘D’- Circon
LonWorks Network
LON Terminator
NSX1000 With
CSI I-Net OPC
Server
Legacy System
Workstation (Remote Lightweight Client)
Net. Interface Name:
IP Address:
Subnet Mask:
Gateway:
Port:
LON Terminator
Penthouse
Mech Systems
System Integration
Control Room
BMS
Front Door
Access Cntl
Elec Room
Lighting
Energy Mgmt
50
Security
CCTV
Questions or Comments??
Thank you!
51