Transcript Document
FOURTH GENERATION (4G) CELLPHONE NETWORKS BY: SALOMÉ THÉRIAULT COMM 1631, WINTER 2011 WHAT IS 4G ? 4G STANDS FOR THE FOURTH GENERATION OF CELLULAR WIRELESS STANDARDS. IT IS A FASTER AND BETTER NETWORK 4G PROVIDES: ULTRA-BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS IP TECHNOLOGY GAMING SERVICES STREAMED MULTIMEDIA, ETC. ALLOWS DATA AND VOICE TO BE CARRIED OUT ON THE SAME NETWORK ITU REQUIREMENTS AND 4G WIRELESS STANDARDS BASED ON AN ALL-IP PACKET SWITCHED NETWORK PEAK DATA RATES: APPROXIMATELY 100 MBIT/S FOR HIGH MOBILITY (EG. MOBILE ACCESS ) AND APPROXIMATELY 1 GBIT/S FOR LOW MOBILITY ( EG. NOMADIC/LOCAL WIRELESS ACCESS) DYNAMICALLY SHARE & UTILIZE NETWORK RESOURCES TO SUPPORT MORE SIMULTANEOUS USERS PER CELL SCALABLE CHANNEL BANDWIDTH, BETWEEN 5 AND 20 MHZ, OPTIONALLY UP TO 40 MHZ ITU REQUIREMENTS AND 4G WIRELESS STANDARDS PEAK LINK SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY OF 15 BIT/S/HZ IN THE DOWNLINK, AND 6.75 BIT/S/HZ IN THE UPLINK SYSTEM SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY OF UP TO 3 BIT/S/HZ/CELL IN THE DOWNLINK AND 2.25 BIT/S/HZ/CELL FOR INDOOR USAGE SMOOTH HANDOVERS ACROSS HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS OFFER HIGH QUALITY OF SERVICE FOR NEXT GENERATION MULTIMEDIA SUPPORT HISTORY NEW GENERATIONS APPEARED APROXIMATELY EVERY TEN YEARS ANALOG (1G): speeds up to 2.4kbps introduced in the early 1980s and completed in the early 1990s DIGITAL TRANSMISSION (2G): digital signal for voice and the speeds up to 64kbps. Developed in the late 1980s and finished in the late 1990s HISTORY - MULTI-MEDIA SUPPORT (3G): 3G wireless system with speeds from 125kbps to 2Mbps developed in the late 1990s and might be well-done in the late 2000s. 4G: 2010 EVOLUTION FROM 3G TO 4G SPEEDS HAVE IMPROVED 10 TIMES FASTER THAN 3G FOR EXAMPLE: GLOBAL ROAMING INTERFACE WITH WIRE-LINE INTERNET QOS SECURITY 4G IS SUPPORTED BY: IPV6, OFDM, MC-CDMA, LAS-CDMA, UWB AND NETWORK- LMDS THEY CAN BE ARRANGED IN DIFFERENT ZONE SIZE COMPONENTS IPV6 SUPPORT: UNLIKE 3G, WHICH IS BASED ON TWO PARALLEL INFRASTRUCTURES CONSISTING OF CIRCUIT SWITCHED AND PACKET SWITCHED NETWORK NODES, 4G WILL IS BASED ON PACKET SWITCHING ADVANCED ANTENNA SYSTEMS: THE PERFORMANCE OF RADIO COMMUNICATIONS DEPENDS ON AN ANTENNA SYSTEM: SMART ANTENNA MULTIPLE ANTENNA TECHNOLOGIES ARE EMERGING TO ACHIEVE THE GOAL OF 4G SYSTEMS SUCH AS HIGH RATE, HIGH RELIABILITY, AND LONG RANGE COMMUNICATIONS COMPONENTS SOFTWARE-DEFINED RADIO (SDR): SDR IS ONE FORM OF OPEN WIRELESS ARCHITECTURE SINCE 4G IS A COLLECTION OF WIRELESS STANDARDS, THE FINAL FORM OF A 4G DEVICE WILL CONSTITUTE VARIOUS STANDARDS HOW 4G WORKS EACH NODE IS ASSIGNED TO A 4G-IP ADDRESS (BASED ON IPV6) FORMED BY A PERMANENT HOME IP ADDRESS AND A DYNAMIC CARE OF ADDRESS THAT REPRESENTS THE ACTUAL LOCATION IF A DEVICE IN THE INTERNET WANTS TO COMMUNICATE WITH CELL PHONES IN THE WIRELESS NETWORK, THE COMPUTERS WILL SEND A PACKET TO THE 4GIP ADDRESS OF THE CELL PHONE TARGETING THE HOME ADDRESS HOW 4G WORKS A DIRECTORY SERVER ON THE CELL PHONE’S HOME NETWORK FORWARDS THE PACKET TO THE CELL PHONE’S CARE OF ADDRESS THROUGH A TUNNEL THE DIRECTORY INFORMS THE COMPUTER THAT THE CELL PHONE’S CARE OF ADDRESS (REAL LOCATION) AS WELL, SO THE NEXT PACKETS CAN BE SENT TO THE CELL PHONE DIRECTLY THE 4G-IP ADDRESS CAN CARRY MORE INFORMATION THAN THE IP ADDRESS USED IN 3G IPV6 = INTERNET PROTOCOL VERSION 6 INCLUDING 128 BITS, 4 TIMES MORE THAN 32BITS IP ADDRESS IN IPV4 WHAT CAN WE DO WITH A 4G? STREAM HD VIDEOS/MOVIES DOWNLOAD MASSIVE FILES DOWNLOAD MUSIC FAST VIDEO CHATS HI-RES PHOTO DOWNLOAD CONNECT FIVE DEVICES 4G MARKET WATCH GROWTH IN THE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT BUISINESS IS ACCELERATING IN 2011 AND ON OF THE MAIN REASON IS DRIVEN BY THE TRANSITION TO 4G FACTORY REVENUE FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS IN 2011 IS ESTIMATED TO REACH 302.7 BILLION, 20.6% UP FROM 2010 4G MARKET WATCH BY 2014, THE INDUSTRY IS EXPECTED TO ADD ANOTHER $100 BILLION DOLLARS ACCUMULATING $413.3 BILLION WORLDWIDE IN EQUIPMENT REVENUE IN THE LONG RUN 4G COULD BE CHEAPER 700 MHZ-BASED SIGNALS TRAVEL FURTHER SO CARRIERS WILL HAVE TO INSTALL EQUIPMENT ON FEWER TOWERS THIS WILL RESULT IN LESS EXPENSIVE NETWORK COSTS. IT WILL ALSO BENEFITS CONSUMERS BECAUSE: IF COSTS CARRIERS LESS TO PROVIDE SERVICES, THEY WILL HAVE MORE ROOM TO MOVE ON PRICING PLANS CONCLUSION WITH ADVANCING TECHNOLOGIES, WHO KNOWS HOW FAR NETWORKS WILL DEVELOP 4G LETS US BROADCAST FURTHER AND FASTER AND ALSO ALLOWS US TO SAVE TIME BY IMPROVING RECEPTIONS AND UPLOAD SPEEDS RESOURCES “4G.” Wikipedia. Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, Inc, 29 Jan. 2011. Web. Jan. 2011. Levy, Carmi. “The 4G revolution: Canadians face hurdles in search for faster wireless.” The Star. Copyright Toronto Star 1996-2010, Nov. 27 2010. Web. Jan. 2011 Huang, Shih-Lian. “Evolution from 3G to 4G and beyond (5G).” DaniWeb. 2010 DaniWeb LLC, Nov. 27 2010. Web. Jan. 2011 Sideco, Francis. “4G Transition and Tablet Devices Spur Growth of Mobile Communications in 2011.” iSuppli. 2010 iSuppli Corporation, Jan. 20 2011. Web. Jan. 2011