Transcript Ancient Greece - Loudoun County Public Schools

Bellringer
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You have 25 minutes to complete your
Mythology Poster and Synopsis
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Objective: SWBAT describe the evolution of
democracy in Athens and anticipate effects of
this evolution in today’s world
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BJOTD: Why do bees have sticky hair?
Mythology Discussion
Questions
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Turn your paper into the black bin by Sean
Be able to answer these questions:
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What is Greek mythology?
Who were some of the major gods and what were
they the gods/goddesses of?
What purpose does Greek mythology serve?
Ancient Greece
The Rise of the City-State,
Athens vs. Sparta
Early City-states
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Polis: same as city-state (city and
surrounding countryside)
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Polis had 2 purposes:
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Promoting civic participation
Promoting commercial/business life
Agora
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City-center/business district
Place for discussion
Acropolis
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Fortified area of city
Used for defense
Place for royalty,
women, children to
hide during war
Athens vs. Sparta
Athens - Geography
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Attica (Just north of
Peloponnesus)
Athens - Economy
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Extensive
Exported wine and olive oil
Athens - Education
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Boys from wealthy families attended school
Reading, writing, music, and poetry
Goal  excellent public speakers (voice their
views about democracy)
Military training
Athens - Government
Growth of Democracy
Monarchy – rule by a king or queen
Aristocracy – rule by the landowning elite (nobles)
Tyranny – rule by a tyrant (reformers)
Political and Social Change –
Aristocracy to Tyranny
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Farmers borrowed money from aristocrats
(pledged land as security)
Many farmers could not repay loans – lost
land and became sharecroppers or day
laborers in the cities (some sold themselves
into slavery)
Foreign artisans, who supported Athens's
economy, were denied citizenship by the
government.
Political and Social Change –
Aristocracy to Tyranny
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Merchants and soldiers resented the power
of the nobles
Common people had no voice in the
government (aristocracy controlled it all)
Tyranny - Reformers
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Draco – Written code of laws (took away
power from aristocrats to dictate what was
legal and what was not)
Tyranny - Reformers
Solon
Ended debt slavery
&
Cancelled all debts
Extended citizenship
to some foreigners
Allowed citizens of
all classes to
participate in the
assembly and public
courts
Cleisthenes
Reorganized
the
Assembly
Created
Council of
500
Encouraged
Direct
Democracy
Democracy
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Direct Democracy  speak on your own
behalf
Citizenship
1. Male
2. Free
3. Athenian
4. Adult
Duties of citizenship  participate in
government (speak up), military service,
taxes
Sparta - Geography
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Peloponnesus
(Southern part of
Greece)
Sparta - Economy
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Limited
Spartans looked down on trade and wealth
Spartans were not allowed to travel – might
pick up new ideas that could be dangerous to
the stability of the state
Foreigners were discouraged from visiting
Sparta
Sparta - Education
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Focused on military training and obedience to
authority
Boys were taken from their mothers at the
age of 7 and put under the control of the state
They lived in quasi-military barracks where
they were subject to harsh discipline
At 20, Spartan males were enrolled in the
army for regular military service
Sparta - Education
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At 30, Spartan males were recognized as
mature and allowed to vote in the assembly
and live at home
While their husbands lived in the barracks,
Spartan women lived at home  had greater
freedom of movement and greater power in
the household than other women in Greece
Women  encouraged to exercise and
remain fit to bear and raise healthy children
Sparta - Education
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Discouraged the study of philosophy,
literature, or the arts – subjects that might
encourage new thoughts
Sparta – Government
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Oligarchy
2 Kings responsible for military affairs and
served as the supreme priests within the
state religion
The kings shared power with the Gerousia, a
council of elders
Gerousia consisted of 28 citizens over the
age of 60, who were elected for life, and the
two kings
Sparta – Government
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Gerousia  prepare proposals that would be
presented to the apella, an assembly of male
citizens (only voted on proposals – no
debate)
Assembly elected the Gerousia and the
Ephors, a group of 5 men who were
responsible for supervising the education of
youth and the conduct of all citizens