Transcript GMPLS control plane

Deuxième journée française sur l'IETF
Decembre 2002 - Paris, France
Generalized MPLS
Plan de controle basé sur IP pour les réseaux optiques
Papadimitriou Dimitri
Network Technology and Analysis
[email protected]
Introduction
Today Connection Service Requests
Network
Operation Center
Network
Operation Center
Network
Operation Center
FAX
NMS
I/f between
vendor A and B’
FAX
NMS
NMS
NMS
NMS
I/f between vendor
B’ and B”
I/f between
vendor B’’ and C
Standard SDH data plane
but all complexity in
Management Plane
Source Router
Dest. Router
Metro Vendor A
CORE Vendor B
Metro Vendor C
It works… but actually not a long term solution !!!
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GFSI - December 2002
How are we approaching the problem?

Generalized MPLS (GMPLS): a set of mechanisms and protocols
intended to make switching layers of a network more dynamic in their
operation (and in particular the SDH/Sonet, G.709 (pre-)OTN and
Ethernet) compatible with the parallel evolution in the IP/MPLS
domain

Extend the functions & capabilities of MPLS to work with Optical
equipment (and more generally any kind of switching equipment)

Define appropriate architectures and frameworks for this to happen with
modern equipment

Define mechanisms strategies for the support of legacy TDM and Optical
equipment that was not designed to be controlled

Extend the capabilities of MPLS protocols to operate with TDM and
Optical equipment (instead of re-inventing new paradigms)

Standardise GMPLS to ensure interoperability and investment protection
for Service Providers
Generalized MPLS would become a super-set of MPLS

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GFSI - December 2002
An «OPEN» GMPLS Philosophy
Research Academic world
Manufacturer's world
Abstract world
New
SDH & OTN
products
Useful
features being
implemented
OTN ITU-T
Standards
ASTN - ASON
Standards
MPLS RFCs
and drafts
Operational
world
Potential
new services
GMPLS for Optics
GMPLS
pre-std ’s
Operational
large network
Routing RFCs
and drafts
Engineering World
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GFSI - December 2002
GMPLS Concepts and Technology
Evolution from IETF Perspective
Transmission & Control Plane Evolutions
1970
Analog
(copper)
1995
Today
Digital
20xx
20xx
Optical (analog, fiber)
point-to-point
Transmission
Switched
Optical packet
switching
Digital Switching (SDH)
Transport
plane
Optical Switching (pre-)/OTN
Framing dependent
Operator-assisted/centrally managed
provisioning
Control/management plane
Framing independent
Automated & Distributed (GMPLS ??
control plane)
Transition
Framing dependent meaning LOVC/HOVC/MSn/RSn/OSn switching
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GFSI - December 2002
GMPLS Objectives Dimension Space
Automation Level
Operator Resource Optimization
Parameter
(flexibility) mainly
cost dependent
May depend on
other variables
Network Resource
Optimization
Distribution Level
Other criteria
Other criteria are mainly (control plane):
Availability - Robustness - Scalability
but also Survivability (transport plane)
D.Papadimitriou - All rights reserved © 2002, Alcatel
GFSI - December 2002
Evolution of a Standard

IETF
46-48

Step 1. MPLS: Multi-Protocol Label Switching

IP packet based

Traffic Engineering for Packet LSPs (MPLS-TE - Step 2)
Step 3. MPlS: Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching

IETF
48-49




IETF
52-55+
New Protocol introduction for Link Management (LMP)
Step 4. GMPLS: Generalized MPLS

IETF
50-51
MPLS control applied on optical channels
(wavelengths/lambda’s) & first “optical” IGP TE extensions
MPLS control applied on layer2 (ATM/FR/Ethernet), TDM
circuits (SDH/Sonet) and Optical channel and
IGP TE extensions including OSPF & IS-IS
GMPLS: “separation” b/w Technology dependent and
independent


LMP extended to “passive devices” via LMP-WDM
GMPLS covers G.707 SDH, G.709 OTN…
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GFSI - December 2002
From MPLS to GMPLS - Evolution
Transport
Plane
Evolution
IETF - MPLS WG
LDP - CR-LDP
MPLS-TE
RSVP-TE
1996-1998
Not within Optical
Networking Priorities
IGP-TE (Area)
“Optical”
Framework
MPlS
LMP & LMP-WDM
SDH/Sonet
2000
IETF - CCAMP WG
GMPLS CR-LDP
GMPLS
ISP - CLEC impact
Break-out was the
introduction of legacy
ITU-T technologies
GMPLS IGP-TE (Area)
G.709 OTN
GMPLS RSVP-TE
Consolidation
GMPLS P&R (Recovery)
Re-Charter
HPN - MRN
1998-2001
GMPLS IGP-TE (Multi)
Slowdown (perceived from
mid’01) low impact on Standards
but resulted in consolidation &
affecting “photonic” evolution
ILEC impact
2002-2004
OIF UNI/NNI
OIF
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ASON Model
Synchronisation
after 2002
ITU-T SG 15
GFSI - December 2002
The Early Stage: MPlS

Each OXC includes the equivalent of MPLS-capable Label-Switching
Router (LSR)


Lambda LSPs (control plane entities) are considered similarly to MPLS
Label-Switched Paths (LSPs)



MPLS control plane is implemented in each OXC
Selection of wavelengths (or lambdas) and OXC ports is considered as
similar to the label selection using MPLS
MPLS signaling protocols (such as RSVP-TE, CR-LDP) are adapted for
Lambda LSP setup/delete/etc.
IGPs (such as OSPF, ISIS) with “optical” traffic-engineering extensions
used for topology/resource discovery using IP address space (no
“reachability extensions”)
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GFSI - December 2002
Label & Lambda Switching equivalence
Label Space  FEC - Label processing at
Generalized Label Space 
Wavelength Identifier Space - Label
control and transport level
Processing at control plane level only
Common
Control Plane
MPLS Controller
MPlS Controller
IF in Label in IF out Label out
IF in Label in IF out Label out
9
3
3
2
6
8
2
6
4
4
8
7
7
9
9
mapping
1
1
1
l1, l2
2
6
4
5
4
7
5
4
9
mapping
l1, l2
O/E/O
O/E/O
1
l1
Packet
Switching
Matrix
2
2
2
l1, l2
O/E/O
Optical
3x3
Channel
Matrix
3x3
l1, l2
O/E/O
2
l2
3
3
3
l1, l2
l1, l2
O/E/O
O/E/O
DeMux
Label Read
Mux
Label Write
Label Switched Router
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3
Optical Cross-Connect
GFSI - December 2002
Towards Distributed (Common) Control Plane
Centralized
Distributed
Management
Plane
Network
Management
System
NMS
Management
Channels
Evolution of the NMS includes
SNMPv2/3, COPS, LDAP and
other Traffic Engineering/
Optimization Tools and QoS
Policing SLS/SLA Mgt
EMS
IP Distributed
Control Channels
Control Plane
Network
Controller Network controllers (or
GMPLS controllers) can STILL
be either co-located or non-colocated within the network
device (SDH XC, OADM,
OXC, PXC, etc.)
Control Plane
Network
Device
Transport
Planes
Network
Device
Transport
Channels
Transport
Planes
IP Control Channels implemented using IF/IB - IF/OB or OF/OB
(signalling transport mechanisms) enabling the transport of “control
IP packets” exchanged throughout IP distributed control plane
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GFSI - December 2002
IP Distributed Control Plane
Management Plane
Network
Management
System
• IP Control Channels enabling the transport
of “control IP packets” exchanged
throughout IP distributed control plane
Management
Channels
• IP Control Channels implemented using
IF/IB - IF/OB or OF/OB (signalling
transport mechanisms)
• (G)MPLS Controllers can be either colocated or non-co-located within the
network device (ATM/MPLS LSR, SDH XC,
IP Distributed
Control Plane
IP Control
Channels
Network
Controller
OADM, OXC, PXC, etc.)
• IP Distributed Control Plane topology
MAPS the Transport Plane topology without precluding “virtual topologies”
Network
Device
Transport
Channels
Transport Plane(s)
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GFSI - December 2002
Pre-OTN Approaches

Fully transparent: Non-intrusive monitoring of optical signal (LOS)

FEC frame termination





transparent bit stream signal

non-intrusive monitoring STM-N signal (RSn and MSn overhead)

pre-OTN case: 4 x STM-16 multiplex
FEC frame terminated

transparent STM-N MSn signal (repeater functionality)

non-intrusive monitoring of MSn signal
FEC frame terminated

transparent AUG-N signal (back-to-back LTE)

non-intrusive monitoring of HOVC signals
Pre-OTN digital wrapper frame terminated

transparent bit stream signal

non-intrusive monitoring STM-N signal (RSn and MSn overhead)
… Thus interoperability at the transport plane level was not that obvious!
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GFSI - December 2002
From MPlS to GMPLS

MPlS assumed only 2 transport layers

Assumption: SDH/Sonet used as framing for p2p links (payload: IP/MPLS
or Ethernet)

Therefore core/backbone networks including
• “IP/MPLS” packet or Ethernet MAC layer
• Optical (pre-OTN based) layer


However, current transmission technologies also include:

SDH (ITU-T G.707) - Sonet (ANSI T1.105)

OTN (ITU-T G.709)

Ethernet (LAN and WAN)

ATM and Frame Relay
Why to consider them ?

Same “drivers” and needs as IP/MPLS and optical layer

Enable fully integrated model

Eliminate the need for UNI specific protocol

Provide complete of MPLS-TE protocol extensions
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GFSI - December 2002
MPLS - GMPLS Convergence
Initial Situation
at the IETF
Not “classical” IP
or IETF topics
Packet Network using MPLS
Traffic Engineering
Explicit routed LSP’s
Network Resilience
Recovery LSP’s
Optical Network using
GMPLS
Optical/TDM LSP Provisioning
Legacy Transmission
Protection and Restoration
Virtual Private Networks
MPLS - BGP/VPN
GMPLS - (XXX or BGP ?)/GVPN
Class Of Service
LSP’s as TE tunnels (FA Concept)
Competing w/ IP
QoS Approach
But the problem is
related to BGP
Optical CoS (LSP Multiplexing)
The challenge is how to extend the MPLS-TE Protocol
suite to achieve these functions in the optical domain
(estimation in ‘00: 2 years - today a minimum of 1
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additional year is expected to consolidate 2 first steps)
GFSI - December 2002
GMPLS Key Concepts

Re-use of MPLS-TE concepts for the definition of distributed control
plane protocols applicable to non-packet or “optical” oriented networks:

Optical channels/TDM Circuits/etc. define Lambda/TDM/etc. switched
path  Generalization of label spaces: wavelengths, sub-channels, etc.)

Generalization of IP Address Prefix to “non-packet” terminating interfaces
further extended to unnumbered interfaces => allows for separation
between transport and control plane

Generalization of TE Link concepts and attributes to “non-packet”
resources (in particular: OPTICAL)
• Virtual TE Links => Forwarding Adjacencies (FA) => Mapping of
several transport plane layers in the control plane (LSP Regions) which
delivers the same scalability as control plane associated to layered
transport plane technologies
• Link Bundling => TE Link recursion

Further generalization to accommodate unnumbered FA and FA bundling

Development of graceful/hitless restart mechanisms (signalling & routing)
for increasing reliability taking advantage of transport/control separation
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GFSI - December 2002
Transport Layers and G.709 TE Links



Hierarchical (Overlaid) Transport Layers

Tributary Slots (sub-channel)
• ODU1 (2.5 Gbps)
• ODU2 (10 Gbps)
• ODU3 (40 Gbps)
• or combination

Wavelength (channel)

Fiber (interface)
Discrete Bandwidth Signals
OMS and OCh TE Links
Control Plane View
l1
l2
l3
l4
l5
Sub-Channel 1
Sub-Channel 1
Sub-Channel 2
Sub-Channel 2
...
ODU TE Link
Sub-Channel N
Channel 1
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Switching
Granularity
l3
...
Sub-Channel N
OCh TE Link
OMS TE Link
Channel N
GFSI - December 2002
Generalized MPLS - Switching Layers
GMPLS Signalling uniformly address the issues of LSP establishment (setup)
/teardown (delete) through different switching (i.e. networking) layers
=> GMPLS  “optical” and “optical”  GMPLS ( common control plane)
• Classical Packet LSPs in the MPLS switching
layer terminating at PSC interfaces (LSR I/f)
• TDM LSPs corresponding to STS SPE/
HOVC switching layer terminating at OXC
(Label=Sub-Channel, OXC=E-O with TDM
I/f and DWDM system)
• SDH/Sonet or Ethernet used as FRAMING
(Adaptation only)  no TDM LSP defined
• Lambda LSP (L-LSP) corresponding to optical
channel switching layer terminating at
OXC/PXC (Label=Wavelength, OXC=E-O-E
Matrix or PXC= O-O Matrix with LSC I/f
• Fiber LSP corresponding to fiber switching
layer terminating at fiber cross-connects
interconnected by fiber bundles (Label=Fiber,
Fiber Cross-Connect with FSC interfaces)
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Packet (IP/MPLS)
Switching Layer
Packet LSP
G
M
P
L
S
TDM
Switching
Framing
TDM LSP
*
Wavelength
Switching Layer
Lambda LSP
Fiber (Spatial)
Switching Layer
Fiber LSP
The wavelength-switching layer can also include waveband switching
*
GFSI - December 2002
LSP Hierarchy (Nesting) and FA-LSP
Combining Low-Order LSP’s
Splitting High-Order LSP’s
PSC Cloud
TDM Cloud
Packet LSP 1
LSC Cloud
TDM Slot 1
Lambda 1
FSC Cloud
Fiber 1
Fiber Bundle
Fiber N
Lambda N
Packet LSP N
TDM Slot N
Fiber LSP’s
Lambda LSP’s
TDM LSP ’s
Packet LSP’s
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GFSI - December 2002
Key Enablers - Advantages



Lambda/TDM/etc. LSP’s w/ label space: wavelengths/timeslot/etc.

Provide flexibility in (link) resource selection (for bi-directional LSP setup)
Generalization of IP Address Prefix to “non-packet” terminating
interfaces

Avoid definition of dedicated (new) address space per technology - further
extended to unnumbered interfaces

Control/Transport plane separation (resilience) and avoid waste of packet
terminating address space values
Generalization of TE Link concepts and attributes to “non-packet”
resources (in particular OPTICAL)

Virtual TE Links (Forwarding adjacencies): Mapping of several transport
plane layers in control plane (a.k.a. LSP Regions) which delivers the same
scalability as the one provided by layered transport plane technologies =>
SCALABILITY (routing)

Link Bundling => SCALABILITY (routing) allowing TE Aggregation =>
Specific (component) Resource Selection (local policy) provides
robustness and contention avoidance
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GFSI - December 2002
IETF GMPLS Work per Plane
Management Plane
Forwarding Plane
Adapted
Adapted
from IP such as from IP such as
RSVP-TE
OSPF-TE,
or
ISIS-TE
CR-LDP
E.g.TMN or SNMP or TL-1
Signaling Plane Routing Plane
E.g. SDH/SONET, G.709, Ethernet
Control Plane
Not done at the IETF,
specific task of the
ITU-T (SG15) for SDH/OTH,
IEEE for Ethernet, etc.
Already widely developed
but we need now to
manage the control plane,
IETF developments
for SNMP MIBs.
Right in the IETF scope
since application of MPLS
generalization (GMPLS is a
super-set of MPLS)
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GFSI - December 2002
Global Picture (IETF View)
User Admin
Domain
User Admin
User
Admin
Domain
Domain
Internet
Inter-domain
Administrative
Domain A
Inter-domain
Provider C
Admin Domain
Administrative
Domain B
Intra-domain
Intra-domain
Inter-domain
I-NNI
GMPLS Protocol suite applies
at
intra- and inter-domain interfaces
Inter-domain
Inter-domain
Administrative
Domain C
Intra-domain
Actually, GMPLS is “model independent” it just follows the well known “internet”
engineering principles from the node to the area then from the area to the
Autonomous System (intra-carrier) and last between AS’s (inter-carrier)
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GFSI - December 2002
GMPLS Building Blocks
Technology Indpt
Technology Dept
Starting Point - MPLS
Architecture and MPLS-TE
Meta Extensions
Framework
and
requirements
GMPLS
Architecture
Others
Core signaling
(TE-)Link
Management
Technology
extensions(*)
Protection &
Restoration
Transmission
Background
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Generalized
VPN
Core
TE - Routing
(*) Includes SDH/Sonet and G.709 OTN
GFSI - December 2002
GMPLS Building Blocks
draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-architecture-03.txt
Framework
and
requirements
Last Call
GMPLS
Architecture
draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-signaling-09.txt
draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-rsvp-te-09.txt
draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-cr-ldp-07.txt
Others
Core signaling
(TE-)Link
Management
Technology
extensions
Protection &
Restoration
Proposed Standard
draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-g709-03.txt
draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-sonet-sdh-07.txt
Under AD Review
Core
TE - Routing
draft-ietf-ccamp-lmp-07.txt
draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-routing-05.txt
draft-ietf-ccamp-ospf-gmpls-extensions-09.txt
draft-ietf-isis-gmpls-extensions-14.txt
Under AD Review
Note: several other more specialized I-d ’s
under discussion
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Under Review
MPLS Related
draft-ietf-mpls-bundle-04.txt
draft-ietf-mpls-lsp-hierarchy-07.txt
draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-unnum-08.txt
draft-ietf-mpls-crldp-unnum-10.txt
GFSI - December 2002
CCAMP WG Protection and Restoration Design Team
Start Dec’01
Terminology
Draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-recovery-terminology-00.txt
To be finalized with the other drafts (cycle)
Mar’02 - IETF 53
Analysis
Aug’02 - IETF 54
Functional
Specification
Draft-papadimitriou-ccamp-gmpls-recovery-analysis-03.txt
To provide an analysis grid to be used to evaluate, compare and
contrast the GMPLS based recovery mechanism
WG document requested, to be taken on the list
Draft-bala-gmpls-recovery-functional-01.txt
To determine and discuss recovery scenarios to be covered
(what’s in what’s out) by the protocol dependent specification
Nov’02 - IETF 55
GMPLS Signalling
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Ongoing effort, first version to be issued after
consensus on previous step (expectation ~1Q’03)
GFSI - December 2002
Future Developments

Short term:




Longer term: Tackle “All-Optical” challenges




Keeping track of G.709 OTN evolutions
Shared meshed (multi-layer) recovery and Routing diversity
… we are nearly done !
optical physical routing impairments
transparency issues
optical performance measurement and monitoring
Refine GMPLS management model including




performance management
security and policy
scheduling services
billing/accounting
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GFSI - December 2002
Global Picture (ITU & OIF View)
User Admin
Domain
User Admin
User
Admin
Domain
Domain
Single Carrier 1 - Single
Administrative Domain
UNI
E-NNI
Control Domain A
(e.g., vendor 1, metro)
Provider C
Admin Domain
Control Domain B
(e.g., vendor 2, core)
UNI
I-NNI
I-NNI
E-NNI
E-NNI
Control Domain C
Multi-vendor Agreement
E-NNI
Single Carrier 3 - Single
Administrative Domain
I-NNI
GMPLS Protocol suite with
interface specific extensions
applied at UNI and E-NNI
(intra-/inter- carrier) interfaces
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E-NNI
SingleE-NNI
Carrier 2 - Single
Administrative Domain
GFSI - December 2002
From the Meta model to the Protocol(s)
Std
body
Meta
model
Abstract
model
Abstract
protocol
Re-use of well known Internet (existing) principles
IETF
Track
Unified Service Model - Peer & Overlay
Control Plane Inter - Connection Model
OIF UNI 1.0
OIF
Track
OIF NNI 1.0
OIF NNI 1.0
Domain Service & Overlay Control
Plane Interconnection Model
ITU-T
Track
G.ASTN
(G.807)
G.ASON
(G.8080)
G.dcm, G.rtg
and others
Abstract and Formal world
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Real
protocol(s)
GMPLS Protocol Suite
remains in the very
long term (no model)
GMPLS profile
and extensions
(shorter term models)
GMPLS + Extensions
PNNI + extensions
from scratch + new
protocols
Engineering world:
implementation
GFSI - December 2002
GMPLS Implementation Survey
Company
Type
Signaling SDH/SONET
Protocol Extensions
Accelight
Equip.
R
Yes
Software
Genealogy
External
Agilent
Tester
R
Yes
Internal
PTLF
MGWS
Product
On sale
Alcatel
Calient
Ciena
Data Connection
Equipe
Equip
Equip.
Code
Code
Equip.
R
R
R
R
R
Yes
External
Ext + TE
External
Ext + GMPLS
Internal
TLF
LF
T
PTL F
PT
GWS
G
S
MGWS
GS
Beta
Beta
Alpha
Product
Alpha
On sale
On sale
Internal
On sale
internal
First Wave
HCL Techno.
Intel
Japan Telecom
Juniper
Code
Code
Equip.
Code
Equip.
R+L
R
R
R
R
Internal
ISI+TE,GMPL
S
Internal
Internal
Internal
LF
T
PT
GW
GS
MGS
G
MGS
Alpha
Develop
Develop
Develop
Beta
Internal
Internal
Field trial
Lumentis
Marconi
Movaz
NEC
NetPlane
NTT
Nortel
Polaris
Tellium
Tropic
Wipro
Anonymous 2
24
Equip.
Equip.
Equip.
Equip
Code
Equip.
Code
Equip
Equip.
Equip.
Code
Equip: 14
Code: 8
R
R
R
R
R
R
Ext+GMPLS
Internal
LabN+GMPLS
External
Internal
External
External
External
External
Internal
External
Internal: 9
External: 14
L
TLF
L
T
PTLF
PL
T
TLF
PLF
PT
L
P: 10, T:
14, L: 14,
F: 9
G
GWS
GS
S
MGWS
MGW
MGWS
S
GS
MGW
MGS
G
M: 10, G:21,
W: 9, S: 17
Develop
Product
Product
Product
Develop
Develop
Alpha
Develop
Develop
P: 4, A: 4,
B: 3, D: 7
Internal
On sale
On sale
On sale
On sale
Internal
Internal
Internal
Internal
On sale
Internal
On sale: 8
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
L
R
R
R
R+L
R
R:23
L:3
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
17
Switching
Label
Capability
Type
PTL
MGS
Beta
P
Status
Availability
-
P=PSC, T=TDM, L=LSC, F=FSC
M=MPLS
W=waveband
D.Papadimitriou
- All label,
rightsG=generalized
reserved ©label,
2002,
Alcatel label, S=SDH/SONET label
GFSI - December 2002
Conclusions
Conclusion
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
GMPLS is not the future, … it is the present
It constitutes an integral part of the coming generation of packet, frame
and optical integrated networks providing unified services
NMS proprietary solutions might be pragmatic as a short term solution,
they don’t address the current carrier/service provider needs
GMPLS provides common mechanisms applicable to IP and optical
layers, allowing interoperable, scalable, parallel, reliable and cohesive
evolution of networks in the IP and optical dimensions
Both GMPLS@UNI (at OIF) and GMPLS (at IETF) are standardsbased and have their specific domain of use: the debate peer versus
overlay is off (if used in their applicability scope then co-existence)
The LSP hierarchy, bundling and hitless restart creates sufficient
scalability, flexibility and resiliency for common network operations
The enhanced signaling capabilities GMPLS allow service provider to
quickly and efficiently build high capacity agile infrastructures
supporting fast connection provisioning
Therefore, GMPLS is critical in any carrier/service provider solution that
aims to enable large volumes of traffic in a cost-efficient manner
D.Papadimitriou - All rights reserved © 2002, Alcatel
GFSI - December 2002
Thanks for your attention...
… Questions ?
D.Papadimitriou - All rights reserved © 2002, Alcatel
GFSI - December 2002
References
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E.Mannie (Editor) et al., ‘Generalized MPLS Architecture’, Informational Draft, draft-ietfccamp-gmpls-architecture-03.txt, February 2002.
Lou Berger (Editor), et al., ‘Generalized MPLS Signaling – Signaling Functional
Requirements,’ Internet Draft, Work in progress, draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-signalling09.txt, August 2002.
Lou Berger (Editor) et al., ‘Generalized MPLS Signaling – RSVP-TE Extensions,’ Internet
Draft, Work in progress, draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-rsvp-te-09.txt, October 2002.
Lou Berger (Editor) et al., ‘Generalized MPLS Signaling – CR-LDP Extensions,’ Internet
Draft, Work in progress, draft-ietf-mpls-generalized-cr-ldp-07.txt, August 2002.
E.Mannie and D.Papadimitriou (Editors) et al., ‘Generalized MPLS Extensions for
SONET and SDH Control’, Internet Draft, Work in progress, draft-ietf-ccamp-gmplssonet-sdh-06.txt, August 2002.
D.Papadimitriou (Editor) et al., ‘Generalized MPLS Extensions for G.079 Optical
Transport Networks Control’, Internet Draft, Work in progress, draft-ietf-ccamp-gmplsg709-03.txt, November 2002.
K. Kompella et al., “Routing Extensions in Support of Generalized MPLS”, Internet Draft,
Work in progress, draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-routing-05.txt, August 2002.
K. Kompella et al., “IS-IS Extensions in Support of Generalized MPLS”, Internet Draft,
Work in progress, draft-ietf-isis-gmpls-extensions-14.txt, August 2002.
K. Kompella et al. “OSPF Extensions in Support of Generalized MPLS”, Internet Draft,
Work in progress, draft-ietf-ccamp-ospf-gmpls-extensions-08.txt, August 2002.
D.Papadimitriou - All rights reserved © 2002, Alcatel
GFSI - December 2002
References
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E.Mannie, D.Papadimitriou et al., ‘Extensions to OSPF and IS-IS in support of GMPLS for
SDH/SONET Control,’ Internet Draft, Work in progress, draft-mannie-ccamp-gmplssonet-sdh-ospf-isis-01.txt, June 2002.
G.Gasparini, D.Papadimitriou et al., ‘TE-Routing Extensions to OSPF and ISIS for
GMPLS Control of G.709 Optical Transport Networks’, Internet Draft, Work in progress,
draft-gasparini-ccamp-gmpls-g709-ospf-isis-03.txt, June 2002.
K.Kompella, Y.Rekhter, “Signalling Unnumbered Links in RSVP-TE”, Internet Draft,
Work in progress, draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-unnum-07.txt, August 2002.
K.Kompella, Y.Rekhter, “Signalling Unnumbered Links in CR-LDP”, Internet Draft, Work
in progress, draft-ietf-mpls-crldp-unnum-07.txt, August 2002.
K.Kompella and Y.Rekhter, LSP Hierarchy with MPLS TE, Internet Draft, Work in
progress, draft-ietf-mpls-lsp-hierarchy-07.txt, August 2002.
K.Kompella, Y.Rekhter and L. Berger, “Link Bundling in MPLS Traffic Engineering”,
Internet Draft, Work in progress, draft-ietf-mpls-bundle-04.txt, June 2002.
D. Awduche et al., ‘Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching: Combining MPLS Traffic
Engineering Control With Optical Cross-Connects,’ Internet Draft, Work in progress, draftawduche-mpls-te-optical-03.txt, April 2001.
D.Papadimitriou - All rights reserved © 2002, Alcatel
GFSI - December 2002