Transcript The Global Atmosphere Watch in WIGOS

The WMO Global Atmosphere Watch
Programme in WIGOS
Oksana Tarasova, WMO Res Dept
Greg Carmichael, SSC OPAG EPAC
Jörg Klausen, MeteoSwiss
GAW in WIGOS
• End-to-end atmospheric composition monitoring and
research program delivering science-based services
on global, regional and local scales for climate, air
quality, aeronautics, health, ecosystems, security, …
• Steward for surface-based (in-situ, remote-sensing,
aircraft) and space-based observing systems
• Advocat for network-wide quality standards
• Partnership between NMHSs, academia, and other
partners
GAW Implementation Plan (2016-2023):
“Science for services”
IP builds upon the
premise that
atmospheric
composition matters
to:
• climate,
• weather forecasting,
• human health,
• terrestrial and
aquatic
ecosystems,
• agricultural
productivity,
• aeronautical
operations
• …
GAW – the next decade
… coordinating contributions from >100 countries
New GAW
Data
Management
strategy
New focal
area – total
deposition
New
Scientific
Advisory
Group on
Applications
GAW OBJECTIVES AND
IMPLEMENTATION
 Enhance observing systems with broader use of
GAW observations and research activities to
support the development of services with high
societal impact;
 Enhance modeling efforts;
 Improve information management infrastructure;
 Foster and build collaborations, capacity and
communications.
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GAW – Services based on observations
• Stratospheric Ozone and vertical
ozone distribution
• Greenhouse Gases (CO2 and its
isotopes , CH4 and its isotopes, N2/O2
ratio, N2O, SF6, CFCs and substitutes)
• Reactive Gases (O3, CO, VOCs, NOx,
SO2)
• Total Atmospheric Deposition
• Aerosols
• UV Radiation
In total about 60 variables are included
“Health” of the observational network
Procedures for stations and
networks are in place
The observational network
evolution follows the Rolling
Review of Requirement
process
GAW Station Information System (GAWSIS)
GAW observational network
comprises:
• Global stations (31)
• Regional stations
• Local stations
• Mobile platform
• Contributing networks (10)
WMO application areas
• The broad application area “atmospheric
chemistry” was substituted with more specific
ones:
• atmospheric composition forecasting
• atmospheric composition analysis and monitoring
• urban services
 streamline research and implementation
strategies that build on the observations
acquired under the GAW Programme
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Applications of GAW data
• Support of climate negotiations: IG3IS
• Ecosystem services: analysis of total
deposition, nitrogen cycle, deposition to
the oceans/marine geoengineering
• Health, air quality: sand and dust storms,
urban air quality (GURME), biomass
burning
• Food security: atmospheric composition
and agriculture, UV radiation, ozone
• Transport security: volcanic ash forecasting
• …
“Nesting” – from the planet to a building
• Global consistency
• Consistency across scales
• standardization
GAW Quality Assurance System
Adequate gathering of data related to state of the global atmosphere – and
analysis of anthropogenic impact on a global scale – would require that all
measurements be expressed in the same units and on the same scale,
such that measurements performed by different countries are comparable.
For GAW, network compatibility is an imperative!
-
Detection of small spatial gradients
-
Estimation of temporal trends/variability
-
Calculation of global averaged values
-
Use in inverse modelling and comparison with
model simulations
-
Comparison with satellite observations
-
Long-term stability of network reference
(possibility to join program at any time without
introducing a bias).
Implementation of the GAW QMF
Comparison campaigns
• global Round Robin comparisons
• regional reference gas comparisons
• Laboratory Intercomparison Studies
(LIS)
• regional intercomparison campaigns
for Brewer and Dobson instruments
• international filter radiometer
comparisons
• instrumental workshops (by World
Calibration Centre for Aerosols).
Precipitation chemistry measurements
The Illinois State Water Survey that serves as the Quality Assurance/Science Activity
Centre – Americas (QA/SAC-Americas), has been providing standards for
precipitation chemistry samples for many years. This is done in the context of
sending test solutions to National Atmospheric Deposition Program stations for use
in the field, and for the interlaboratory QA samples sent by the QA/SAC.
Laboratory Intercomparison
Studies (LIS) are taking place
twice every year.
54 LISs have taken place
74 laboratories reported
measurements for the last study.
The results of each laboratory are
presented in the form of a ring
diagram
http://www.qasac-americas.org/.
Stations audits by Empa
(1996-2016)
TCCON Validation –
relation to WMO scales
0
Aircraft CO2
Profile CO2
Pressure (mb)
200



eg TWP-ICE Darwin 2006
CO2 analyser on board
Integrate vertical profile
400
600
800
1000
376
378
380
382
-1
CO2 vmr (µmol.mol )
384
386
(Courtesy: D. Griffith)
Key Element: Enhancing data management architectures to
facilitate improved metadata exchange and interoperability, data
discovery and analysis, and to promote and facilitate the nearreal time delivery of data
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GAW – enhancing modeling
• Enhancing predictive capabilities
(w.r.t. atmospheric composition
and its uses)
– through further developing urban
air quality forecasting capabilities
(GURME)
– a new SAG (“Apps”) and
exchanging chemical observational
data in NRT))
– expanding collaborations with
WWRP/WCRP/WGNE and others
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GAW is the «co-driver» in the rally car
A co-driver is the navigator of a rally car in the sport of rallying, who sits in
the front passenger seat. The co-driver's job is to navigate, by reading off a
set of pacenotes to the driver, often over a radio headset, due to the high
level of noise in the car. The co-driver tells the driver what lies ahead, where
to turn, the severity of the turn, and what obstacles to look out for.
[source: Wikipedia]
 GAW has many partners outside WMO/NMHSs
 NMHSs are often not the primary funders
 GAW is the facilitator, the strategist, the advocat
 «GAW in WIGOS» means «WIGOS also outside NMHSs»
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Key to GAW's success
 Shared Vision
 Global Collaboration
(across disciplines)
 High quality products
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Thank you
Merci