Transcript Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome
(509 BC-476 AD)
I. Ancient villages along the Tiber River form
the city of Rome in the 700’s BC, Romans
were very influenced by the Greeks
A. Roman Government- established world’s
first republic- democratic government in
which people vote for representatives to
run the government & vote in the Senate
Roman Architecture
ARCH
OF
TITUS
Senatus Populusque
Romanus (Roman
Senate & People)
Roman Latin Alphabet
A B C D E F G H
I K L M N O P Q
R S T V X Y Z
Countries that use the Latin
Alphabet
1. Republic establishes highly disciplined
and organized army divided into legions,
each with 6,000 soldiers
The Roman Legions
Spoils of War
2. By 265 BC, Romans controlled all of Italy,
began expansion into Mediterranean
Roman Emergence
B. By 55 BC, Julius Caesar conquered
Spain, Britain, and Gaul (France)
Julius Caesar quotes:
“I came, I saw, I
conquered.”
“I’d rather be first in a small
village than second in
Rome.”
“Cowards die many times
before their actual deaths.”
Caesar’s Invasions
1. Amazingly popular, Caesar defeats rivals
& becomes dictator for life, but jealous
Senators stab him to death in 44 BC
Julius Caesar
Marcus Brutus
2. Roman republic plunged into civil war,
won by Caesar’s adopted son, Augustus
(Octavian)
Augustus
defeats
Mark
Antony &
Cleopatra
at Actium
Augustus’ Enemies: Antony & Cleopatra
Augustus
“I found Rome a city of
bricks and left it a city of
marble.”
Ancient Rome
Circus Maximus
The Pantheon
A few Greco-Roman gods &
goddesses
Zeus Jupiter (king of the gods)
Aphrodite Venus (goddess of beauty)
Athena Minerva (goddess of wisdom)
Ares Mars (god of war)
Eros Cupid (god of love)
Hades Pluto (lord of the underworld)
Helios Apollo (sun god & god of music)
Poseidon Neptune (sea god)
II. Rise of the Roman Empire
A. Augustus ends the republic by eliminating
the power of the Senate, the Roman
government now ruled by an Emperor
(Emperors worshipped as one of the gods)
B. Romans continue expansion into Egypt,
Greece, Palestine, and North Africa
C. 27 BC-180 AD a time of great prosperity
known as the Pax Romana (Roman Peace)
Height of the Empire, AD 117
Coliseum
Gladiators Fight In The Colosseum
Chariot Races in the Circus Maximus
1. Romans set up an efficient administration,
roads & aqueducts supplied all regions
with food and water
Roman Roads
Roman Aqueducts
Public Bathhouse
2. Roman law codes became the basis of all
modern law
III. Rise of Christianity
A. Life of Jesus- at age 30 began preaching
message of love and forgiveness, attracted
crowds, promised eternal life
1. Roman and Jewish leaders believed
Jesus a threat to the traditional order, he’s
crucified (followers believe he was the son
of God & was resurrected 3 days later)
Roman Crucifixion
B. Early Christians persecuted, many died
and became martyrs (one who dies for a
cause or belief)
Early Christian Martyrs
1. Christianity slowly spreads, and by 391
AD, Christianity is the official religion of the
Roman Empire
Paul the Apostle
Emperor
Constantine
Early Christian Areas
IV. The fall of the Empire- internal corruption
and external invasion combine to topple
Rome
A. Internal- millions of poor drained
resources, series of weak and unstable
emperors & civil war
B. External- empire became too large to
defend, couldn’t stop invasions from
German barbarian tribes
1. Rome captured by German
barbarian tribes in 476 AD,
Western Europe broken into
separate kingdoms ruled by
German kings, Roman and
German societies combine
The Roman Empire
The Roman Forum
C. Eastern portion of the Roman Empire
continued to live on as the Byzantine Empire
(500 AD- 1453 AD)
D. Legacy- Romans the most powerful in the
ancient world, continued Greek
knowledge/ learning, society and culture is
example to all future nations
On a ½ sheet of paper
write your name and…..
*Two things you learned from 1.2
*One question you have about anything in
1.2