Transcript Unit 5 Rome Power Pointx

ROME
-Italian
Peninsula
-753 BC Romulus built
city of Rome
-Between 800-700 BC
seven villages on hills
united to form Rome
-620 BC Etruscan family
gained control of Rome
and built roads and a
town square called a
forum.
-534 BC Tarquin the
Proud was overthrown
ROME BACKGROUND
ROME
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What is a Patrician?
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What is a Plebian?
ROME
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494 Plebeians go on strike Demanding:
 Tribunes
 Assembly
of Tribes
 Written Law code
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451 BC 12 Bronze Tablets
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287 BC Assembly of Tribes could make laws
ROME
UNITED STATES

Executive
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Executive
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Legislative
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Legislative
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Judicial
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Judicial
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Legal Code
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Legal Code
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Citizenship

Citizenship
ROMAN REPUBLIC: USE YOUR BOOK TO COMPARE THE TWO…..
ROMAN LEGIONS
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Originally all men had to
serve
Adopted Greek phalanx
system
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6,000 men per division
60 to 120 per phalanx
Soldiers were well
trained
Deserters were put to
death
ROMAN LEGIONS
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Conquered Peoples
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Kept some government
Partial rights
Some became citizens
Military colonies

Used to defend high
ground/ river crossings
ROME AND CARTHAGE 264 BC
PUNIC WARS
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1st Punic War 264 BC
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Carthage threatened to
seize the Strait of Messina
Romans sent force to stop
it
Rome had stronger army/
Carthage had stronger
Navy
Rome snares Carthage
ships and pulls them in to
gain tactical advantage
241BC Rome wins
PUNIC WARS
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2nd Punic War 221 BC

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Hannibal (Carthage)
grabs Spanish city
(Rome’s Ally)
Hannibal brings 40,000
troops and 40 elephants
through Swiss Alps
216 BC Hannibal has
defeated most of the
Roman Army
202 BC Scipio rallies
Romans and defeats
Carthage gaining Spain
PUNIC WARS
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3rd Punic War 166
BC
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Carthage begins to
rebuild
Rome burnt Carthage
to the ground
enslaving their
population and
salting their fields
130BC Rome has
conquered the entire
Mediterranean
ROME

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Newly acquired land
was divided into
provinces
Define the following
terms
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Proconsuls:
Latifundia:
Each Province had a tax
collector as well
Landless farmers
filtered into Rome
FALL OF ROMAN REPUBLIC
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133 BC Tiberius Gracchus
gets elected as a Tribune
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Proposes law to limit size of
latifundias
Law passes through
Assembly of Tribes
Killed By Opponents

123 BC Gaius Gracchus
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Pushes for more land
reforms and new court
121BC was killed
111BC Senate ends land
reforms
70 BC Pompey and Licinius
get elected as consuls
60 BC Julius Caesar,
Pompey, and Crassus form
triumvirate
ROME- JULIUS CAESAR
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Caesar conquers Celts
and Gaul extending
Roman
Empire
Pompey grows jealous of
Caesar ordering him to
leave his troops North of
the Rubicon River
How did Caesar respond
to Pompey’s order?
What did Caesar's
response result in?
ROME- JULIUS CAESAR
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45 BC Caesar was
named Dictator for Life
Caesar reforms
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Gave jobs to poor
Granted citizenship
Added reps from
provinces to Senate
Adopted new calendar
3/15/44 BC “Ides of
March”
ROME- 2ND TRIUMVIRATE
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Mark Antony, Lepidus,
and Octavian create 2nd
Triumvirate.
Octavian forces Lepidus
into retirement
Mark Antony falls in love
with Cleopatra and is
accused of treason
Octavian defeats Mark
Antony and Cleopatra at
Actium 31BC.
ROME- AUGUSTUS CAESAR
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27 BC named Rome’s first
Emperor (Senate to
advise)
August (anointed) CaesarGrand Nephew of Julius
real name Octavian
31 BC Pax Romana
Reforms
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Rebuilt roads
Improved grains
Tackled gov. corruption
Constructed public
buildings
JULIAN EMPERORS 14 BC 68 AD
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14 AD Tiberius- Accused
many innocent people of
treason
37 AD Caligula- Mentally
ill, killed by a palace
guard
41 AD Claudius- Scholar,
but struggled with state
affairs
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54 AD Nero- Cruel and
insane, willing to bankrupt
Rome for horse racing and
music. Killed his wife,
mother, and several others.
68 AD Nero was killed.
“What a loss I shall be to
the Arts”
Next 28 years emperors
were puppets controlled by
the army
GOOD EMPERORS
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96 AD Nerva- began
custom of an heir
98 AD Trajan- Empire
reached it’s greatest
extent
117 AD- HadrianConsolidated
conquests, Reorganized
Bureaucracy
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138 AD Antonius PiusMostly peace and
prosperous
161 AD Marcus AureliusMost prosperous period
for Rome
CHRISTIANITY
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Originally a Sect within
Judaism
Early Christians were
Jews waiting for the
messiah
30-33 AD, Jesus of
Nazareth
Pontius Pilate crucified
Jesus Christ
CHRISTIANITY
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Those who believe
Christ was the messiah
became Christians
Paul spread the word of
Christ
Peter established the
first church in Rome
(first pope)
Christianity was still
illegal
CHRISTIANITY
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Bible: Old Testament
(Jewish Torah), and New
Testament (written after
Christ)
Gospels: First four
books of New
Testament, describe Life
of Christ
CHRISTIANITY
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313 Edict of Milan
legalizes Christianity in
Rome
325 Council of Nicaea
organizes Christianity
391 Christianity
becomes official
religion of Rome
476 Rome fell, but
Christianity remains
intact and dominant
CHRISTIANITY

St. Augustine of Hippo
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
Confessions- confesses
is love and devotion to
God
City God- Says to Love
God First
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Church Hierarchy
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Pope
Archbishop/ Cardinal
(later)
Bishop/ Prior(later)
Priest/ Monks (later)
Friar (later)
ROMAN DECLINE
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Commodus is very Nero like
192- 284, 28 emperors are
killed
Constantly fighting
Germanic Tribes such as the
Goths, Visigoths, Huns,
Franks, and Saxons
Economy declined, inflation
set in
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Diocletian
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Split empire into east/west
Edict of Prices
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Prevented farmers from leaving
Constantine
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Froze Wages
Set Economic Prices
Chained workers to farms
Made jobs hereditary
Founded Constantinople in East
Theodosius
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Officially split Rome into two
East becomes Byzantium
Empire
ROMAN DECLINE
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Visigoths- 300’s – 400’s
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Huns
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Killed Eastern Emperor
Actually sacked Rome
Attila the Hun
Visigoths
476 AD 14 year old
Romulus Augustulus was
killed by a German
General, he died without
an heir and was never
replaced

The Byzantium Empire
remained in power until
1453AD