Transcript leaders of rome

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Rome fought Carthage in the ______
wars
Carthage could be found in modern day
____________ (Continent)
The first battle took place on this physical
feature
The second battle took place after
Carthage realized Rome did what in
Spain?
Carthage was finally ruined by what
Roman action(s)?
LEADERS OF
ROME
FROM REPUBLIC
TO EMPIRE
THE GRACCHI BROTHERS…
 TIBERIUS
& GAIUS GRACCHUS
BOTH
ELECTED TRIBUNE
TRIED TO LIMIT POWER OF THE
SENATE AND HELP THE POOR
BOTH WERE MURDERED!!
HERE BEGINS THE
TRADITION OF
BLOODY
TRANSITIONS OF
POWER
CIVIL WARS
 Who
should
hold power?
 Turmoil led to
slave uprisings
 Armies became
loyal to
commanders,
not the state
WHAT IS THE
DANGER OF THE
ARMY BEING
LOYAL TO THE
GENERAL?
JULIUS CAESAR:
RISE TO POWER
 Popular
general
 Conquered Gaul
 Formed First
Triumvirate with
other generals
JULIUS CAESAR:
REFORMS
 Established
colonies
 Public works
projects
 Gave public land to
the poor
 Extended citizenship
FIRST TRIUMVIRATE
 CRASSUS
DIES
 CAESAR & POMPEY AT
WAR
 POMPEY KILLED IN EGYPT
CAESAR NAMED DICTATOR
FOR LIFE!!!!!!
“Beware of the Ides of
March”
 Senators
feared he
would want to be
king
 Caesar was stabbed
to death in the
senate.
Pre-class
What
happened to the
Gracchi brothers?
Who was in the First
Triumvirate?
OCTAVIAN…aka…
AUGUSTUS…aka…
CAESAR AUGUSTUS…aka…
THE FIRST ROMAN EMPEROR
LEADERS OF ROME
 SECOND
 43
TRIUMVERATE
BCE
 MARC ANTONY
 OCTAVIAN
 LEPIDUS
BYE BYE SECOND
TRIUMVIRATE
 OCTAVIAN
TOOK
WESTERN
PART OF
EMPIRE
 DEFEATED
ANTONY &
CLEOPATRA
MARC ANTONY
CAESAR AUGUSTUS
(Exalted one)
 Created
civil service to
enforce the laws
 Promotion in
government based on
merit
 Census, postal service,
roads, coins, public
works
THUS BEGINS THE
PAX ROMANA
 “THE
ROMAN PEACE”
 200 YEARS OF PROSPERITY,
WEALTH, CULTURE,
LEARNING, ARTS AND OTHER
FUN STUFF
JULIAN EMPERORS
TIBERUS
 14-37
AD,
ADOPTED
SON OF
AUGUSTUS
JULIAN EMPERORS

CALIGULA
 STARTED
OUT WELL
 LOVE BY ARMY
 LATER HE BECAME
BRUTAL & INSANE
 PROCLAIMED HIMSELF
A GOD & DEAD SISTER
A GODDESS
 MADE HIS HORSE
CONSUL
JULIAN EMPERORS
CLAUDIUS
 GOOD
RULER
 POISONED
BY WIFE (also
his niece)
JULIAN EMPERORS
 NERO
 MURDERED
WIFE & MOM
 BLAMED FOR
GREAT FIRE
IN ROME
JULIAN EMPERORS
 SUCCESSION
WAS ALMOST
ALWAYS VIOLENT BECAUSE
THERE WERE NO RULES OF
SUCCESSION ESTABLISHED
GOOD EMPERORS
(or so history has called them)
 NERVA
 LOWERED
TAXES
 GAVE LAND
TO POOR
GOOD EMPERORS
 TRAJAN
 EXPANDED
EMPIRE TO
LARGEST
EXTENT
 INCLUDING
ROMANIA
GOOD EMPERORS
 HADRIAN
 CONCERNED
WITH
DEFENDING
EMPIRE’S
BORDERS
 BUILT WALL IN
BRITAIN
 TRAVELED
THROUGHOUT
EMPIRE
GOOD EMPERORS
 ANTONIUS
PIUS
 BUILT
ROADS &
SCHOOLS
 PROMOTED
TRADE
GOOD EMPERORS
 MARCUS
AURELIUS
 LAST
EMPEROR OF
PAX
ROMANA
WHAT LED TO THE
END OF THE PAX
ROMANA?
 PLAGUE
 FOOD
SHORTAGES
 167 AD EMPIRE INVADED BY
BARBARIANS
Pre-class
What
happened to
Roman soldiers following
the wars of expansion?