Transcript File - Kanisha`s Capstone Website

Creutzfeldt- Jakob Disease
(CJD)
Kanisha Newman
Block:1
1/9/12
About Our Patient
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Name: Lucy Montgomery
Age: 48
Education: PhD in Psychology
Occupation: Licensed Psychologist
Martial Status: Married
Place of birth: Britain
Family: 1 child, Husband
Usually considered a hypochondriac
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About our Patients Symptoms
• Lately our patients family has noticed that she hasn’t been acting
herself. In fact her actions seem to be getting worse day after day.
• The following has been effecting Lucy:
– Blurred vision
– Confusion
– Hallucination
– Muscle Stiffness
– Speech Impediment
– Sleepiness
– Personality change
– Lack or coordination
– Occasional Seizures
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The Doctors Office
• Lucy’s last physical was July 28, 2012 when she
showed minimum signs of the Creutzfeldt- Jakob
Disease. Her doctor noticed her eyesight score
had slightly went down and she looked extremely
tired. At first he asked her if she had been feeling
herself lately and Lucy rapidly responded with a
definite yes. “ Just been feeling a little tired
lately” she said. The doctor took Lucy’s word and
decided he would monitor her conditions.
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Getting Admitted to the Hospital
• Lucy’s first visit to the hospital was when she
experienced her first seizure. It was a night
her and her family were suppose to go out to
dinner but didn’t go because she wasn’t
feeling well. After being in bed for so long
Lucy’s husband went to check on her and
found her having a seizure. His first instance
was to call the ambulance and they arrived as
soon as possible.
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What the Doctor Had To Say
• Once Lucy met with the MD he asked her a series of
questions and based on her responses determined what
kind of tests had to be ran.
• Lucy told him she had been feeling:
- Fatigue
- Her eye sight was blurring
- Her muscles were aching
- She was feeling random twitching
- Her Speech was slurring
- She was forgetting more often
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The Doctors Response
• The MD performed and EEG on Lucy’s brain and
noticed her test results were extremely abnormal.
• He then performed an MRI on the brain and the
spinal cord and detected that she had a brain disease.
• The MD couldn’t conclude what the brain disease
was until he performed an Spinal Tap. Once he saw
the prion proteins in Lucy’s results he could
determine that she had Creutzfeldt Jakob.
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Electroencephalogram (EEG)
The doctors use this machine to look at the
brain. It is placed on the scalp to measure the
brains electric activity. People with CJD show a
characteristically abnormal pattern in the way
there electric activity is presented.
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• This machine uses radio waves and a magnetic
field to create cross sectional images of your
head and body. It shows high resolution
images of the brains white and grey matter.
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Grey and White Matter
• Grey matter is made up of neuronal cell
bodies that control the muscles and sensory
particles such as emotions, memory, hearing
and speech
• White matter consists of glial cells and
myelinated axons that transmit signals from
one region of the cerebrum to other regions
of the cerebrum.
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Signal Fluid Tests
• Cerebral fluid surrounds and cushions the
brain and spinal cord. In a test called a Lumber
Puncture also known as a Spinal Tap is done
by inserting a needle into the lower back near
the spinal cord. If the fluid obtained is
abnormally colored, that can be and indication
of CJD.
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The Background of CJD
• There are many forms of CJD that a person can be
diagnosed with. The two main types are Classical
and Variant CJD. Variant CJD commonly occurs in
younger people near the ages of 30 that eat meat
from an infected cow. This can also be considered
as “Mad Cow” disease. Classical CJD is a more
severe case of Mad Cow that happens to people
around the age of 45 and older and unfortunately
has entered the body of Lucy.
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Background Continued
• CJD is a rare disease that has mainly been
found in Jewish people. The first case of
CJD was found in 23 people in 1990 after
the Britain was struck by an epidemic of
bovine spongiform encephalopathy in
1984 to 1986.
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More CJD
The primary cause of each form of this disease
is eating animals that are infected with
bacteria. This has scientifically been proven
due to the fact that the cows in Britain are fed
rendered remains of sheep. The sheep suffer
from a disease called scrapie that is also
caused by bacteria.
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Classical CJD
• Classical CJD is one of the most fatal diseases
anyone can have. It is also one of the most
rarest disease commonly happening to 1
person in 1 million each year. Once diagnosed
with CJD the most expectance of life you have
is one year. Some people slip into a coma after
showing classical CJD symptoms and most
people die within 6 months depending on
how severe their symptoms are.
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Even More Classical CJD
• Classic CJD is caused from more than infected
meat. It is also caused from an abnormal piece
of protein called prion.
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What are Prions?
Prions are a type of protein that is
know as the cause of CJD. This
protein damages the cells nervous
system forming holes in the tissue.
This protein also causes severe brain
damage and eventually death.
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CJD and the Body
• CJD is a genetic disease that is inherited
commonly in Jewish people. With this disease
the central nervous system of the brain is
completely damaged. The brain in the first
part of the body to be affected before the rest
of the symptoms occur. The tissue cells in the
nerves start to form holes in them creating
them to have less value to a persons body.
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The process of CJD
• Less Coordination- Depression- Mood SwingsAphasia- Memory Loss- Sleep Irregularly- Speech
Impediment- Dementia- Muscle CoordinationMuscle Spasms- Nerve Twitching
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Clinical Psychiatrist
• The Clinical Psychiatrist will help Lucy through
her dementia disorders, confusion, and
hallucinations. By talking her problems out the
psychiatrist can determine what kind and how
much medicine Lucy needs to take. The
medicine will allow her to somewhat cope and
control her disorders.
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Physical Therapist
• The Physical Therapist will work with
Lucy to control her nerve twitching and
muscle stiffness. The more she tries to
keep her body active the less possibility
she has of it completely failing on her.
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Hospice Nurse
• The Hospice Nurse will be with Lucy at all
times to monitor her conditions. She will
give her the medications, complete the
physical activity with her, and provide
daily help throughout the day. Since Lucy
is on her death bed she will not be able
to take care of herself under any
conditions.
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Current Conditions
• Currently Lucy is no longer with us. She
passed away on January 10th ,2014 in the
bed she laid in for her last 3 months of
life. She lived with CJD for one year and
used her family as motivation not to give
up.
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Sources
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http://bodyandhealth.canada.com/condition_info_details.asp?disease_id=293
http://63.209.69.107/search/web/cjd+body/a22/46938-a77800/v5
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/creutzfeldt-jakobdisease/DS00531/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs
http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease/DS00531.html
http://reference.medscape.com/features/slideshow/cjd
http://www.alz.org/dementia/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cjd-symptoms.asp
http://www.neurology.org/content/67/4/637
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2779401/
http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri
http://orthopedics.about.com/cs/sportsmedicine/a/mri_2.htm
http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/medical/mri_brain.html
http://www.google.com/#hl=en&tbo=d&q=mri+tests+brain&revid=43457070
4&sa=X&ei=XwDuUNP0I5KN0QGrp4GgDA&ved=0CKsBENUCKAU&bav=on.2,or
.r_gc.r_pw.&fp=d706ea7cc3c23e30&biw=952&bih=574
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