Transcript Ancient-Greeks-presentation2012

The Ancient GREEKS timeline
Ancient Times - The Achaeans (Greeks)
City-States develop
Athens vs. Sparta
Alexander the Great
Decline of the Greeks
Roman Era
Ancient Greece
Greece
Europe
The Ancient GREEKS
The country of Greece was once divided into around 100
city-states. A city-state is a city and the land around a
city. A city-state has its own government, laws, and
army. It started with just a few...
The Ancient GREEKS
But eventually there were many Greek city-states...
The Ancient GREEKS
At first, the Greek city-states were ruled by the
wealthy people who owned land, called the
aristocracy.
The Ancient GREEKS
But over time, democracy, where each citizen had a vote
and majority rules, developed in Athens and then spread
to other parts of ancient Greece.
The Ancient GREEKS
Popular Sovereignty
When the people have the power in government.
The Ancient GREEKS
ATHENS
• a democratic government w/
popular sovereignty, rule of law,
and representative government.
• wanted citizens to be educated
and cultured:
- literature and poetry
- music
- art, painting, and sculpture
- philosophy
SPARTA
•a government led by generals and
soldiers.
•wanted citizens to be a physically
fit, strong, well-trained, marching
army.
•focused on exercise and military
training.
The Peloponnesian Wars
The Peloponnesian Wars
The Spartans believed that the Athenians wanted to take
charge of all of the city-states in Greece, and so they began to
fight the Athenians. These were called the Peloponnesian
Wars, and they lasted from 431 - 404 BC. The Spartans won
and became the ruling city-state of Greece for a short time.
The Greek PHALANX military formation
The Greeks developed a very effective military formation in
which soldiers march closely together long spears and shields
to protect the whole group and create a nearly impenetrable
wall.
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great was the king of Macedonia who led a
conquest against King Darius III and the Persian Empire.
Alexander the Great’s Empire
Under Alexander the Great, the Greek Empire included Greece,
Anatolia (Turkey), Northern Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, and
parts of India. This was the largest the Greek Empire would
become. After Alexander’s death, his generals divided the empire
and ruled over parts of it.
The GREEK Gods
The Greeks believed in many gods. Each city-state believed that
one particular god protected them. They believed that when
good things happened to them it was because the gods were
happy with them and when bad things happened to them it was
because the gods were angry at them. They believed the gods
lived on top of Mount Olympus in Greece.
The Acropolis in Athens
A special place in each city-state was set aside to build
temples to the many Greek gods. The temples were
often built on a hill or over-looking the city. This area
was called the acropolis.
The Acropolis in Athens
The Acropolis in Athens
The Acropolis in Athens
The Acropolis in Athens
The Acropolis in Athens
The Acropolis in Athens
The Parthenon in Athens
The Greeks built many temples to their many gods. One of
the most famous is the Parthenon. It was a temple to the
goddess Athena built high atop the acropolis in Athens. The
ruins of the temple are still there today.
Greek Houses
Greek Houses
Greek Houses
Greek Houses
Greek Clothing
Greek Clothing