Transcript Greeces last stand of 300

BELLWORK
1. What were the themes of Greek society? How were
those incorporated into Greek culture?
2. Explain the advances made in Greek drama.
3. How did Greek philosophers change the way people
thought?
4. How did Greek history impact Modern America?
5. Why did Sparta and Athens distrust each other?
6. THINKER: Why do you think the Greeks were
threatened by the Persians?
Greek Civilization
• Greeks are most known for their contribution to modern society.
• Including classical art, architecture, drama, philosophy, history,
science, and the Olympic games.
Visual Arts
Greek Drama
The Olympics
Philosophers
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Historians
Science
Conflict in Ancient Greece
Persian Wars
Peloponnesian War
Persian Empire – 539 BC
The Persian Wars
• In 490 BC, Persian forces (led by Darius I) landed near
Athens.
• The outnumbered Greeks staged a surprise attack and
defeated the Persians!
• In 480B.C., the Persians returned to Greece (now led by
Xerxes I)
• 7,000 Greeks (Spartans/Athenians) vs. 100,000 Persians
• Greek navy destroyed the entire Persian fleet.
• The Persians responded with a sneak attack on the
remaining 300 Spartan warriors – Battle of Thermopylae
BELLWORK (Block 1)
1. Explain the role of the following men in the Persian Wars:
Darius I, Xerxes I, Leonidas & Themistocles.
2. The Persian Empire was the largest of its day. Its borders
stretched between which two rivers?
3. Why did Sparta and Athens (traditional enemies) decide to
fight together in the Persian Wars?
4. How did the geography of Thermopylae help the Greek
army?
5. Describe the military training of Spartan boys.
Persian Wars – Battle of Thermopylae
• Thermopylae ("hot gates") was a
pass the Greeks tried to defend
• Spartan King Leonidas was in
charge of the Greek forces. He
had three goals:
– Restrain & delay the strong Persian
Army
– Keep them from attacking the Greek
navy (under Athenian control Themistocles)
– Block them long enough so they
would be forced to sail back for food,
water & supplies
Persian Wars – Battle of Thermopylae
• A Persian-sympathizer & traitor named Ephialtes led the
Persians around the pass showing them where to attack from
behind.
• Expecting defeat, Leonidas sent away most of his troops.
• The remaining 300 Spartan warriors fought the Persians &
blocked the pass long enough so the rest of the Greek army
could escape.
• All 300 warriors were killed - Greece accepted defeat
• After their victory, the Persians marched to Athens and burned
it to the ground (already been evacuated)
• The Greeks would defeat Persia and re-capture Athens a year
later, in 479 B.C.
The Last Stand of the 300
• For the rest of class,
you will be watching a
video on the last stand
of the 300 at the Battle
of Thermopylae.
• Answer the questions
on the worksheet
• Pay attention! This
information will be
included on the unit
test
BELLWORK (Block 2)
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Read pgs. 60-61 and answer the following questions:
Why did Persian forces want to punish the Greeks?
After the Persian Wars, what happened to Sparta and Athens?
Explain the two sides of the Peloponnesian War. What were
their advantages?
Who won the Peloponnesian War? Why? List three reasons!
How did the Peloponnesian War effect the Greek city-states and
eventual decline?
THINKER: Why would Leonidas, already expecting defeat at
Thermopylae, send his army away but keep his strongest 300
soldiers to fight?
The Peloponnesian War
• War between Sparta and Athens that lasted
from 431BC to 404BC.
• Sparta allied with the Persians
• A plague struck Athens and killed 1/3 of their
population
• Persian-financed Spartan navy destroyed
Athens fleet.
• Athenians surrendered
BELLWORK
1. Explain the role of the following men in the Persian Wars:
Darius I, Xerxes I, Leonidas & Themistocles.
2. The Persian Empire was the largest of its day. Its borders
stretched between which two rivers?
3. Why did Sparta and Athens (traditional enemies) decide to
fight together in the Persian Wars?
4. How did the geography of Thermopylae help the Greek army?
5. Describe the military training of Spartan boys.
6. THINKER: Why would Leonidas, already expecting defeat at
Thermopylae, send his army away but keep his strongest 300
soldiers to fight?