Transcript CVD and Physical Activity

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Dom Dorisio, Jason Mudrock, and Shawn Campbell
CVD and Physical Activity
• Sedentary lifestyle = 1 of 5 major risk factors
(High
BP, Abnormal blood lipid levels, Smoking, Obesity)
• Exercise reduces risk of heart attack or stroke
• At least 30 minutes per day recommended (30% 40% reduction in Cardiovascular problems)
• 4.5 X more chance of death in least fit individual
compared to the most fit.
(6213
men surveyed over 6-year period)
http://circ.ahajournals.org/
content/107/1/e2.full
CVD and Alcohol
• Drinking in excess leads to:
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Heart Failure
High Blood Pressure
High Triglycerides
Increased hunger…..creating obesity and diabetes
Stroke
Other Cardiac Problems
• Exercise and a healthy diet > drinking a glass of wine
“There is no scientific proof that drinking wine or any
other alcoholic beverage can replace these
conventional measures.”
– www.heart.org
CVD and Diet
INCLUDE:
• Fruits, Veggies, Whole Grains, Omega-3 Fatty Acids
(Fish), Olive Oil, Herbs, Nuts
• Nutrient Dense Foods
AVOID high amounts of:
• Salts
• Fats
• Red meats
• High Calorie, Non nutrient-dense foods
• Alcohol
Bad Fats
• Abnormal blood lipids from diet
• Saturated Fats
• Trans Fats
Good Fats
• Unsaturated Fats: poly and mono
• Omega-3 Fatty Acid
• Omega-6 Fatty Acid
How Much?
• < 37% Fat daily
• Saturated fat < 10 % daily
• Total fat for high risk <7% daily
CVD and Sodium
• Sodium increases blood pressure by holding
excess fluids in your body, that puts an extra
burden on your heart
• The American Heart Association recommends
1,500 milligrams a day
• The average person consumes around 3,400
milligrams daily
Sodium
• Foods with high sodium include
– Deli meats, salty snacks, canned soups, canned
vegetables, processed foods, frozen dinners, pasta
sauce, cereal
• Foods with low sodium include
– Fresh Fruits and vegetables, fresh meats, nuts and
beans, bread and grains, dairy products
– Always Check food labels to make sure you have
the low sodium item
Sodium
• People at risk for CVD because of a high
sodium diet
– People over the age of 50, People who have a high
or slightly elevated blood pressure, diabetics,
people who have a family history of high blood
pressure or CVD
• After people have heart attacks their doctors
recommend a very low sodium diet
Sodium and Potassium Balance
• Our bodies need far more potassium than
sodium each day
• Typical US diet is opposite of that and gets far
more sodium than potassium
• High Sodium diets hardens blood vessels and
disrupts the blood flow by keeping more
blood and fluid in your body
• Potassium relaxes blood vessels and excretes
sodium and decreases blood pressure
Quiz
• Is eating fish or red meat a higher risk factor
of CVD?
• What percentage of fat daily is allowed to be
consumed by high risk CVD patients?
• How much daily sodium intake does the AHA
recommend?
Quiz
• Is eating fish or red meat a higher risk factor of
CVD?
A: Red Meat
• What percentage of fat daily is allowed to be
consumed by high risk CVD patients?
A: Less than 7%
• How much daily sodium intake does the AHA
recommend?
A: 1,500 milligrams