Transcript Objectives - Loudoun County Public Schools

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Why did the Persians attack Greece?
What famous battle started the Persian
wars?
Who were the father and son that led Persia
during the Persian wars?
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Standard WHI.5
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Students will be able to
demonstrate knowledge of
ancient Greece in terms of its
impact on Western civilization
by:
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Characterizing life in Athens
during the Golden Age of
Pericles
Citing contributions in
philosophy with emphasis on
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
Evaluating the significance of
the Peloponnesian War
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Essential Questions:
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Why was the leadership of
Pericles important to the
development of Athenian life
and Greek culture?
What were some important
contributions of Greek
culture to Western
Civilization?
Why was the Peloponnesian
War important in the spread
of Greek culture?
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Athens just out of Persian
wars
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Leading member of Delian
league
Led to Golden Age
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Drama
Sculpture
Poetry
Philosophy
Architecture
Science
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Led Athens through Golden
Age
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461- 429 B.C.E.
Skillful politician, inspiring
speaker, respected general
Three goals
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Strengthen Athenian
democracy
Hold and strengthen the
empire
Glorify Athens
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Increased # of public officials
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Only wealthy could hold office before
because positions were unpaid
Increased paid salaries
Made Athens one of the most
democratic governments in history
Introduction of direct democracy
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Citizens rule directly and not through
representatives
Males who served in the assembly
established all important policies
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Direct democracy
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Large number of citizens involved with
government (mass meetings)
Most Adult males had an equal voice
Assembly was strong, 43,000 members
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Meetings every 10 days on a hillside
Only 6,000 present
Paid a stipend to men who held public officemeant even poor could take part
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Created Juries
10 generals ran day to day affairs
Practiced Ostracism
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Protected Athens from over-ambitious
politicians
Could banish them from Athens
Bannished for 10 years
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Pericles wanted to
enlarge wealth and
power of Athens
Used money from Delian
league to build Navy
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Strengthened safety of
empire
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Prosperity depended on
waterways
Needed overseas trade to
obtain grain and other
raw materials
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Used money to beautify
Athens
Buy gold, ivory, and
marble
 Used to build
Parthenon
 Pay artisans
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Sparta declared war
on Athens 431 B.C.E.
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Sparta attacks:
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Sparta invades Athens
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Called Peloponnesian
War
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Advantages:
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Athens: Navy
Sparta: Infantry
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Burned countryside and
food supply
Pericles had everyone
come into city behind
wall
Problems for Athens:
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Plague in 432 B.C.E.
Navy defeated when they
attacked Spartan ally
Syracuse in 413 B.C.E.
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War continued for nine
years until Athens
surrendered
27 years of war
Athens loses empire
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Confidence in
democratic government
wanes
Greece weakening,
while Macedonia is
rising to power
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History: Thucydides
account of the war
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Set example for
historians
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Condemned atrocities
Objective approach
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Philosophers
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Lovers of wisdom
Determined to seek
truth
Based on two
assumptions
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Universe was put
together in orderly way
and subject to
unchanging laws
People can understand
through logic and reason
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Three famous
philosophers
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Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
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Beliefs:
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Quote:
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Absolute standards for truth and justice
Question yourself and moral character
Socratic method
“the unexamined life is not worth living”
Trial:
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At age 70 brought to trial for “corrupting
the youths of Athens”
Argued his defense
Was condemned to death
Plato
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Student of Socrates
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Set up a school called “the
Academy”
Wrote The Republic
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His vision of a perfect society
Not a democracy
Three groups:
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Artisans, warriors, ruling class
Ruled by philosopher-king
Lasting Importance
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Dominated European
philosophical thought for 1,500
years
Aristotle
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Beliefs:
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Questioned nature of the
world and human belief,
thought, and knowledge
Invented method of arguing
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Applied method to
psychology, physics, and
biology
Basis of scientific method
Set up a school, the Lyceum,
studied all branches of
knowledge
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Famous student:
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Alexander the Great

Standard WHI.5

Students will be able to
demonstrate knowledge of
ancient Greece in terms of its
impact on Western civilization
by:



Characterizing life in Athens
during the Golden Age of
Pericles
Citing contributions in
philosophy with emphasis on
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
Evaluating the significance of
the Peloponnesian War

Essential Questions:



Why was the leadership of
Pericles important to the
development of Athenian life
and Greek culture?
What were some important
contributions of Greek
culture to Western
Civilizaiton?
Why was the Peloponnesian
War important in the spread
of Greek culture?