Transcript VISUAL ALTERATIONS

RETINAL DISORDERS
Retinal Disorders
 Retinal detachment
 Retinal hole
 Retinal tear
Assessment
 Retinal Detachment: separation of retina from
epithelium
 S & S: sudden and painless
-bright flashes of light
- visual field loss r/t area of detachment
 Risk factors: trauma, aging , tumor
http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/retinaldetach/retinaldet
ach.asp#5
TYPES OF DETACHMENT
 Rhegmatogenous:
- most common; r/t mechanical force
-fluid under retina
 Tractional:
-scar tissue on retina contracts
 Exudative:
-fluid leaks under retina
SURGICAL TREATMENT
Clinical setting
Type of surgery
-laser (photocoagulation): scar tissue
formed to close the leakage
-cryopexy: freezes the affected area
-scleral buckling: silicone buckle sutured
into sclera supports the breaks in retina
Vitrectomy: vitreous removed; replaced with
gas
Scleral Buckling Procedure
Video of Scleral Buckling
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQfmnA
DmgLY
POSTOP NURSING CARE
 Protect eye with patch or shield
 Positioning of patient
-on abdomen if gas/ oil instilled in eye
affected eye up
 Medications
- antiemetics and analgesics post op
- antibiotics and anti-inflammatories
 Patient safety
- call bell/ items within reach
Patient Discharge Teaching
 Avoid activities that promote increased IOP
 Avoid rapid eye movement:
-reading, writing, close work
 Signs & Symptoms to report:
-increase in pain, especially eye pain
-sudden decrease in vision acuity
-infection