Transcript Disorders of the Urinary System

Disorders of the Urinary
System
Can you guess one?
Renal Calculi (Kidney
Stones)
 Made of crystals of calcium
phosphate and uric acid
 Gradually they get larger until
they block ureters
 First sym severe pain
 Other sym nausea and
vomiting, frequency, chills,
fever, hematuria
 Diagnosis by symptoms,
ultrasound, or x-ray
 Rx –increase fluids to flush
out stone, medications, and if
needed LITHOTRIPSY
Lithostripsy
 Surgical procedure
to remove kidney
stones
 Shock waves hit
dense stones and
break them up
 Done on outpatient
basis
Glomerulonephritis
 Disease which injures
the glomerulus.
 The filtration process is
affected. Plasma
proteins are filtered
through and protein is
found in the urine as
albumin and red blood
cells are present.
Two types
Acute- occurs in some
children about 1 to 3 weeks
after a bacterial infection,
usually a strep throat. The
illness is treated with
antibiotics and recovery takes
place.
Chronic- occurs when the
filtration membrane may be
permanently affected. There
is diminished functions of the
kidney, which may result in
kidney failure.
Nephritis
 Inflammation of the
kidney (kidney
infection)
 Incontinence –
involuntary urination
Cystitis
 Inflammation of the
mucous membrane lining
of the urinary bladder
 Most common cause –
E.Coli
 Sym- DYSUIA (painful
urination) and frequency
 Usually in females
(shorter urethra)
 Rx - antibiotics
Kidney Failure
 ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE•
 Caused by nephritis, shock, injury, bleeding, sudden
heart failure or poisoning•Symps – OLIGURIA (scant
urine) or ANURIA (no urine produced)
 CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE - gradual loss of function
of nephrons
Urinary Disorders
Renal Failure
Chronic kidney disease
leads to a buildup of
fluid and waste products
in the body.
How are these
systems affected by
renal failure?
Hemodialysis
 Used for kidney failure
 Involves the passage of blood
through device with
semipermeable membrane
 Dialysis serves as substitute
kidney
 Blood from patient flows
through machine and is
filtered
 Can be done at home or in
clinic
 Takes 2-4 hours, 2-3 times a
week.
Urinary Disorders
Renal Failure
•How is it treated?
– Peritoneal
dialysis
– What is the
process
involved in this
treatment?
Kidney Transplant
 As a last resort
 Involves donor
organ from
someone with a
similar immune
system
 Main complication rejection
Definitions
Enuresis
Glycosuria
Bedwetting Sugar in
urine
Nocturia
Polyuria
Frequent
Large
urination at amounts of
night
urine
Definitions Continues
Pyuria
Anuria
Hematuria
Diuretic
Pus in
urine
No urine
produced
Blood in
urine
Drug or
substance to
increase
urine
production
• Essential Questions
• What are the functions of the urinary system?
• What are some disorders of the urinary system?
• How are disorders of the urinary system treated?
• How do you relate the body’s hormone control to
the urinary system?
PPT and BM Three and Four
BM Three
 Take two disorders on this
bubble map and draw a
picture of the part of the
kidney that it affects and color
the picture of the disorder.
Then in the picture draw the
signs and symptoms, and
treatment
 Complete the bubble map in
color and color the pictures.
BM Four
 Using the one disorder on this
bubble map and draw a
picture of the part of the
kidney that it affects and color
the picture of the disorder.
Then in the picture draw the
signs and symptoms, and
treatment
 For peritoneal dialysis discuss
why someone would do this
rather than hemodialysis.
 Complete bubble map in color
and color the pictures