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HS-140: Pharmacology Week 8: Urinary System Disorders and Calculating Doses Overview of Unit 8 Reading: Chapter 28: Urinary System Disorders Chapter 9: Calculating Doses of Nonparenteral Medications Chapter 10: Calculating Doses of Parenteral Medications Discussion Board Seminar Assignment Quiz The Urinary System Made up of Organs which form & excrete urine: Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Diuretic Agents Increase urine flow. Treat edema, fluid accumulation: Lungs Extremities Abdomen Promote excretion of the following: Sodium Potassium Chloride Bicarbonate Water 4 Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) Most common bacterial infection in the U.S. 10 – 20% of females have a UTI during lifetime. E. Coli causes ~90% of all cultured UTI’s. Turn to p. 587 of textbook. What are some symptoms of lower UTIs? Virtual Field Trip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u11DfF6fuCM When you finish watching this video, provide a brief summary. UTI Drug Therapy: Antibacterials Antibacterials Kill bacteria, in the urine and systemically. Turn to p. 588 of textbook. What are some examples of antibiotics given for UTIs? What patient education would you provide for a patient on an antibiotics for a UTI? UTI Drug Therapy: Antiseptics Antiseptics Antibiotic activity only in the urine. What is some patient education that you would provide for a patient on a urinary antiseptic (p. 590 of textbook)? UTI Drug Therapy: Analgesics Analgesics Topical and local anesthesia on the lining of the urinary-tract. Turn to p. 590 of textbook. What is an example of analgesic given for UTIs? What is some patient education that you would provide for a patient on a urinary tract analgesic (p. 590 of textbook)? Drugs Used to Treat Enuresis Enuresis : Involuntary urination at night. Common in children. Caused by a spastic bladder that is stimulated to empty when small amount of urine is present. Imipramine hydrochloride (Tofranil) Also acts as an antidepressant agent. What dosage is this drug used at to treat enuresis? (p. 589 of textbook) 9 Calculating Dosages: Assingment Tips Refer to Chapters 7, 8 and 9. Turn in early in case you need to make corrections. Don’t forget about the Math Center if you need help. 10 Basic Rules for Calculations Always check units (numerator/denominator). Always work the problem out on paper, even the math seems easy. Check and re-check all decimals and fractions. Determine whether the results make sense. Take one last look to make sure you calculated the dose in the correct units. Unit 8 Assignment Review Ordered: 300mcg On hand: 0.15 mg tablets How many tablets do you need? 12 Unit 8 Assignment Review Ordered: 1.2g On hand: 600 mg/tab How many tablets do you need? 13 Unit 8 Assignment Review Ordered: 1500 Units of a parenteral medication, IM On hand 10,000 Units/ml How many mL’s do you need? 14 Thank you for your attention and participation in tonight’s seminar! Any questions? I look forward to the rest of Unit 8. Please contact me with any questions throughout the week.