Transcript Document

History of development
of chemical pharmacy industry.
Pharmacy of soviet time.
The majority of private owners
of pharmacies are not
pharmacists, and persons who
have had an opportunity to
open stores in order to further
personal gain. In cases where
the pharmacy owner was not
a pharmacist, he hired
someone to manage the
pharmacy of pharmaceutical
education. Only one third of
the owners of pharmacies
since the beginning of the
twentieth century were
pharmacists.
Fragments of Pharmacy Museum in
Lviv
Pharmacies in the city guided individuals with
higher pharmaceutical education had premises
and equipment, which are more or less meet the
requirements of pharmacy and have the right to
set apothecary students called "normal".
Owners of pharmacies, of course not set
ourselves the task to improve the supply of
medicines. Their efforts were directed to obtain
maximum profit from trafficking in drugs and
other goods.
In September 1909 in Kiev started publishing
the magazine "Life pharmacist" who played in
the history of the trade union movement
servants pharmacists that time a significant role.
Documents that regulate the procedure for
opening pharmacies.
New Apothecary statute in
1836 to allow the opening
of pharmacies wherever
there is a need for this,
any citizen, but could only
manage a pharmacy
pharmacist. Permission to
open a pharmacy medical
department issued police.
But before that it was
necessary to obtain a
written response from the
owners of the nearby
pharmacies whether to
open a new pharmacy.
In addition, the 1864
Pharmaceutical Society was
established to promote
pharmacy and medicine.
But, as full members of this
society were only
pharmaceutical pharmacy
owners, they primarily
defend their interests and
fought against the
expansion of pharmacy.
This led to the situation that
medical care was extremely
poor, and the number of
private pharmacies - small.
Therefore, in 1873 issued rules
to eliminate harmful
competition and improve
medical care for each
pharmacy establish standards
for public service and the
number By doing recipes.
Thus, for metropolitan
pharmacies - 12 thousand
people and 30 thousand
prescriptions per year per
pharmacy for provincial cities
- 10 thousand people and 15
thousand recipes, etc. For
smaller settlements set only
the distance between
pharmacies - at least 15
miles.
It is clear that the owners
of pharmacies resorted to
various tricks to hide the
real number By doing the
pharmacy counter
(reduced). As a result of
these rules have been
changed and remained
the only inhabitants of
the rate and the distance
between rural
pharmacies was reduced
to 7 miles.
Having received permission to open a pharmacy,
an entrepreneur had to exercise their right
during the year, and then he lost it. Also
forbidden to own or manage simultaneously two
pharmacies.
Before opening a pharmacy subjected to
inspection inspector drug administration to
identify and provide sufficient range of
medicines, equipment, and equipment, which is
necessary for the smooth functioning.
In 1905 adopted a new
Apothecary Charter, to which
it was entitled to the
governors to authorize the
opening of pharmacies. Open
pharmacy allowed any
interested person. The owner
of the pharmacy could he
manage pharmacy or hiring
manager, but in this and in
the second case, it could be
just the person who had the
title of pharmacist, aged at
least 25 years. The exception
to this rule is allowed only
with the permission of the
Minister of Interior.
Order dispensing drugs from
pharmacies.
Medications dispensed by prescription, copies of
prescriptions, as well as oral and written demands
individuals (non-prescription).
Recipes that have entered the pharmacy remained in
storage for three years. Besides the content of each
recipe was submitted to the appropriate recipe books
indicating the date, month, year and number of
prescription, name of patient and doctor, method of
application and amount HAVE pharmacy for medicines
manufactured.
At the request of the patient or doctor pharmacy was
obliged to give a copy of the recipe, which she kept after
manufacture drugs, but a repeat dispensing prescription
medicines copies held only when a member of the
medicine were potent or poisonous substances.
Pharmacy was to have a list
of doctors who resolved
medical practice. The first
medical list or calendar
was compiled in 1807.
MIA invited to pharmacies
lists physicians,
prescription drugs are
dispensed and found that
the capital engaged in
medical practice many
people who had no
medical training (there
were about 200 doctors
and 380 discharged
recipes).
According Apothekarian
Charter in 1836 without
prescriptions allowed to
release only drugs that did
not belong to the group of
toxic and potent.
Poisonous medicines
allowed to release without
prescription artists,
artisans, workers in
factories, as a lot of this
kind of find use in the
manufacture of paints, as
well as in other industries.
The pharmacy is not permitted
the sale of alcoholic beverages,
as well as "any kind of covert
medication", except approved
Medical Council, in which case
the composition of the "secret
tool" pharmacy must keep
secret until the expiration
privilege. According Aptekarskii
Charter in 1836 to prepare
medicines in the pharmacy had
the right holder or pharmacy
manager. In the case of their
absence - assistant pharmacist.
Pharmacy functioned round
day, because at night it always
had to be a pharmacist.
In 1837 in order to regulate dispensing drugs from
pharmacies was issued on the distinction of external
medicines from internal. The order was required to
external medication, regardless of designation method
Doctors had signature yellow color and that, in general,
all signatures are not tied, and prykleyuvalysya to
packaging. This was due to the fact that cases of
poisoning, when instead of taking medicine solution for
outdoor use.
Resolution and application to pharmacy Charter
constantly renewed. Legislative activity in the
pharmaceutical industry engaged experts who had no
pharmaceutical education, mainly doctors and lawyers.
Only in 1830, when the Medical Council introduced two
posts of deputies from pharmaceutical Society.
History of chemical and pharmaceutical industry
In 1918 signed a decree on the
nationalization of
pharmacies. Prior to July
1920 all pharmacies in
Ukraine were nationalized,
passed into the hands of the
state.
At the end of 1923 was
created Ukrderzhmedtorh,
who took leadership
hubmedtorhamy and trade
of medicines. The same
1923 Ukrderzhmedtorh was
renamed in Ukrmedtorh.
Fragment Pharmacy Museum, Kyiv
At the end of the nineteenth early twentieth century
emerging chemicalpharmaceutical industry in
Galicia. The volume of
laboratory works in Galician
pharmacies great extent
volume increased and became
concrete in Nineteenth
Century through the
development of industrial
relations in Galicia, which
demanded considerable
number of chemical
substances for technological
processes of various
industries.
Fragment Pharmacy Museum, Kyiv
In the first decade twentieth
century firm "Peter Mikolyash
i Union is" provided a quarter
of total needs of the entire
mass of medicinal Galicia.
V1921 became a legal entity a society of chemical
establishments "Laocoon."
After the War (1945 on) Plant health preparations
"Laocoon", 1946 - Lviv
chemical-pharmaceutical
factory, in 1986 JSC
"Galichfarm."
Peter Mikolyash
In 1916 was published
the brochure "structure
is chemicalpharmaceutical factory"
that contributed
unification of
technological processes
already existing and
created enterprises in
Kharkiv Polytechnic institute
In Kharkov Polytechnic Institute in
under the leadership of Alexander
I. Hunder produced chloroethyl,
ammonium sulfate, sodium
chloride, in the University under the
leadership of KA Krasuskoho i
Pyschymuka - salitsylaty c to
Kharkov medical society will - i fityn
lecithin. At the end of 1916 these
combined production of chemicalpharmaceutical institute.
In Crimea, near Saki Lake in 1916
built factory of brombenzol, which
first started getting bromine. In
Odessa was created chloroform
plant.
Needs of the population in drugs was
satisfy only on 11%. The work started in
refineries Kyiv, Kharkov, Odessa, Lubny.
In 1925 put into operation Kyiv chemicalpharmaceutical factory with name
M.Lomosonosov - the first enterprise to
produce synthetic pharmaceuticals,
established in the Ukraine - chloroform,
salitsyl acid, sodium salitsylat.
Continued development of galenic
production aptekoupravlinnyah - 28
factories. In 1931, a new chemicalpharmaceutical factory "Red Star"
In 1957 in the Ministry of Health USSR was
established management pharmaceuticals
i medical technique. In 1967 he was
created Ministry medical industries.
Growth products medical industry grew by
an average of 47% (10% - WORLD). In
1985 he was the abolishment of the
Ministry medical industries. On the basis
of the Ministry of General Administration i
microbiological industries established the
Ministry of health i microbiological
industries.
The first company produced
medicinal preparations,
the second release of
proteins, feed additives,
products for animal
husbandry. When
obye'yednanni two
ministries producing
ready pharmaceuticals
was pushed into the
background. Thus,
investment in chemicalpharmaceutical industry
accounted for 40%, and
microbiological - 60%.
Chemical-pharmaceutical
factory by M.Lomosonosov
Lagging in the field of drugs been significant in
former Soviet Union. In the disposal of health was
a little more than three thousand pharmaceuticals,
the State industry was - 40%, imports from the
countries of the economic Mutual Assistance
(CMEA) - 40%, 10% - produced farmfaceutical
factories and pharmacies near 10% - Persistent
deficit. For comparison, the market medykamentiv
U.S. at that time was represented by 19,000
preparations, Japan - 15093, Switzerland - 9359.
Germany - 8930, Ispaniyi - 5830, France - 5255,
Italy - 5200.
In 1991 he created concern "Ukrmedbioprom." In 1993, on its
basis - the State Committee for medical and microbiological
industry in 1998 - uviyshrv Committee of the Ministry of Health
of Ukraine. Now for the manufacture of medicinal preparations
in Ukraine corresponds to the Civil Service og drugs and
medical devices. Today the production of medicinal
preparations involved in Government, Corporate and private
enterprise.
By state enterprises belong "Lvivdialik"
Odessa industrial chemical-pharmaceutical
enterprise, Odessa enterprise producing
bacterial drugs, Experiments plant State
Scientific Center of the pharmaceuticals,
"Health of the people" and other.
By privatized enterprises belong: FF
"Darnitsa", JSC Farmak ", JSC" Galychfarm
", JSC" Kievmedpreparat ", JSC"
Lubnypharm "FF" Health "and other.
Pharmaceutical Firm "Darnitsa" was created in 1954 In
1994 FF "Darnitsa" was purchased by the workforce.
Adopted a program of restructuring that missed changes
in almost all functional areas of firm activity. Since 1994,
work began to bring the firm activities in conformity with
the conditions of good manufacturing practice (GMP). In
1995 the department was created soft medicinal forms.
Implemented validation of manufacturing processes that
allow to control not only the intermediate products, but
also the process of production. Taken IMPORTANT steps
recruiters political image. Conducts regular certification,
a system of permanent training of staff that crucial
seminars, trainings, instructing. Full product range
includes more than 90 titles.
Pharmaceutical firm "Darnitsa"
Open Joint-Stock Company "Farmak"
was created in 1991 on the basis of
the Kyiv chemical-pharmaceutical plant
Nat. Lomonosov. It was the first
enterprise of the synthesis of
pharmaceuticals substantsiy chloroform, salitsyl acid and other.
OJSC "Farmak" is one of the leading
places with the production of
medicinal preparations and is the basic
enterprise of producing radiopaque
means. It produces more than 80
products naming different purpose:
medical preparations for medical and
veterinary practice, chemical
substantses and others.
OJSC «Farmak»
Borschahivskyy CPP is history from
1947, with production artel. Today is
one with the largest enterprises in
Ukraine manufacturing medicinal
preparations. The range of products
increased from 14 to 90 names.
JSC "Kievmedpreparat" was
launched in 1848 - Steam
pharmaceutical laboratory i herbal
preparations. In 1908 there - SouthRussian trading company bathroom
goods. The main producer of
medicinal preparations, antibiotics
and insh.
Pharmaceutical Firm "Health" is
history since 1907 as the company
"Halenyka" from 1923 - chemicalpharmaceutical factory "Health of
workers." The range of
pharmaceuticals is more than 100
items
JSC "Kievmedpreparat"
In 1999, sales volume of medicinal preparations
for the World Pharmaceutical Market increased
at 10,7% and reached 332.2 billion dollars. The
share of the 10 large HOT LINKS accounted
79% of total sales volume: USA - 130.1 billion.
(39 world market), Japan - 53.% Billion (16%),
Germany - 18.5 (5%), France - 17, 8 (5%), Italy
- 11 (3%), England - 11 (3%), Spain - 6.6,
Braziliya - 6.3 China - 6.2 billion (2%), Canada 5.5. Total: 266 800 000 000
Thank you for your
attention.