Transcript Stress/Depression/Suicide

Stress
~Body and minds reaction to
everyday demands.
Two major systems affected:
1. Nervous System
2. Endocrine System
Perception
~ Act of becoming aware through the
senses.
Two Types of Stress:
• Distress (Negative stress)- Too much
stress, not knowing how to cope.
• Eustress (Positive Stress)- Stressful
feelings of excitement. Challenges,
reasons to wake up in the morning.
• What is stress?
Stressor
~ any stimulus that produces
a stress response.
Five Categories of Stressors:
Biological- illness, disabilities, injuries
Environmental- poverty, pollution, noise,
crowding
Cognitive- the way you perceive a situation
Personal Behavior- negative reactions in the
body and mind caused by using tobacco,
alcohol, or drugs
Life Situation- death of a pet, relationship
problems
Physical Changes
• Short-term- Headaches, upset stomach, heart rate
•
•
•
•
increases, perspiration increases, breathing faster,
adrenaline is released.
TMJ Syndrome- grinding of teeth and jaw.
General Adaptation Syndrome- body’s response to
stress.
Psychosomatic- link between body and mind when
mental problems (stress) cause physical illness
Adrenaline (The Emergency Hormone)- secreted by the
adrenal glands to prepare body to respond to a stressor.
Physical Changes
• Long-Term (2): Frequent colds or flu,
Cardiovascular disease, ulcers, insomnia,
migraines, high blood pressure
Social/Mental/Emotional Effects
• Difficulty concentrating, mood swings,
substance abuse
• Chronic Stress- stress associated with
long-term problems that are beyond a
person’s control.
~Less intense then fight or flight response
but lasts longer.
Three Stages of Body’s Response
1. Alarm- body’s initial response to a physical, mental, or
social stress. Fight or Flight response prepares body for
action.
2. Resistance- the body adapts to the rush created by
the alarm and reacts to the stressor. Fight or Flight
takes place.
Fight-your ability to resist a challenge.
Flight- running away from the stressor.
3. Fatigue- Wear and tear on the body, lowers level of
activity, and lowered resistance to disease.
 Physical- soreness, pain in muscle
 Psychological- depression, boredom, isolation
 Pathological- tiredness, get sick quicker
Fight or Flight Examples
• Imagine you are a goalie in a soccer game. The ball has
been kicked by an opposing team player and is heading
straight towards the goal. Your heart starts to beat
faster as you dive for the ball and make the save.
 When the soccer ball was coming towards the goal, the
response was to confront the situation or “FIGHT”
ADRENALINE!!!!!!!
Handling Stress
• Coping
– Time is a major factor in relieving stress
– Unhealthy and healthy ways to cope
• Time Management Skills
– Effective ways of arranging time to prevent
rushing, missed deadlines, and unnecessary
stress
Five Ways to Cope (3)
1. Planning- think ahead, know what to expect
2. Laughing- accept reality, you are human
3. Rechanneling your energy- run, walk, sing
4. Learn to Relax- clear your mind
5. Call on support group- ask people for help
• Relaxation Response- a state of calm can be
reached if one or more relaxation techniques are
practiced regularly.
– Slow down your heart rate & breathing rate
– Increase blood flow to major muscles
– Lower fatigue
Personality Types
Type A- Intense sense of urgency, need to accomplish as
much as possible in a short period of time, very
competitive and achievement oriented. 85% are type A.
Type B- Takes things in stride, not too much emphasis on
time or quickness, calm, relaxed, easy going.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-t1Z5-oPtU
Anxiety
The condition of feeling uneasy or worried
about what may happen.
• Symptoms: fear, perspiration,
restlessness, increased heart rate
• Coping: Stress management techniques
(relax, exercise)
Depression
A prolonged feeling of helplessness,
hopelessness, and sadness.
Two Types of Depression:
1.Reactive Depression- response to
stressful event (death)
2.Major Depression- medical condition
requiring treatment (lasts longer)
Causes of Depression (3)
• Inability to cope with life crisis
• Changes in brain structure
• Genetic predisposition
• Low serotonin levels
• Traumatic family events
• Physical illness or disorders
• Alcohol or drug use
Symptoms
Warning Signs of Depression (3)
• School performance-tend to be tired, difficulty
•
•
•
•
•
•
concentrating, failing to complete assignments
Social Isolation- withdraw from family and friends
Drug Addictions-depend on drugs to alter mood
Other addictions- ex. gambling
Physical illnesses-Immune system is suppressed
Mental disorders-Increase risk for many mental
disorders
Suicide attempts
Resiliency
Is the ability to adapt effectively and
recover from disappointment; crisis.
Factors:
1.External Factors- family, friends, community.
2.Internal Factors- your attitude, beliefs,
behaviors, perceptions.
Protective Factors- conditions or attributes in individuals,
families, communities, or the larger society that help
people deal more effectively with stressful events
Proactive Factors- preemptive measures that shield
individuals from negative consequences or exposure to
risk
Therapy Methods
• Psychotherapy- an on going dialogue between a
•
•
•
•
patient and a mental health professional.
Behavior Therapy- treatment process that focuses on
changing unwanted behaviors through rewards and
reinforcements.
Cognitive Therapy- treatment method designed to
identify and correct distorted thinking patterns that can
lead to feelings and behaviors that may be troublesome.
Group Therapy- treating a group of people who have
similar problems and who meet regularly with a trained
counselor.
Biomedical Therapy- use of certain medications to
treat or reduce the symptoms of a mental disorder.
Suicide
• Suicide- Intentionally taking of one’s own life
– Some teens view suicide as a way to end depression,
or a way to escape problems
• Cluster Suicides- a series of suicides occurring
•
over a short period of time and involving people
who are connected in some way
PSA
Risk Factor For Suicide (3)
• Prior suicide attempt
• Having a psychiatric disorder, such as depression,
•
•
•
•
•
•
bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorder
Alcohol or substance abuse
Family history of mental disorders or substance abuse
Family history of suicide
Family violence, including physical or sexual abuse
Firearms in the home
Significant medical illness: Ex. Cancer
Early warning Signs of Suicide (3)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Talking about suicide
Withdrawing from social contact
Wide mood swings
Preoccupation with death and dying
Changes in normal routine; sleeping patterns, eating
Personality changes
Risky or self destructive behaviors
Giving away prized belongings
Saying goodbye to people as if they wont see them
again
Statistics
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Suicide is a major, preventable health problem
An American dies by suicide every 12 minutes
1 million attempted suicides per year
90% of those who die by suicide had a diagnosable psychiatric
disorder at the time of death
For every 1 women who dies by suicide, 4 men die by suicide, but
women are 3x more likely to attempt suicide
Over 40,000 deaths per year (10th leading cause)
2nd leading cause of death for ages 10-24
Veterans comprise 22.2% of suicides
Documentary