Transcript Document

What you need to know about…………….
Kidney Failure / Renal Failure
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
The Facts About Kidney Disease
Kidney disease is one of the costliest illnesses in the U.S. today.
Each year, more than 50,000 Americans die because of Kidney
Disease.
More than 260,000 Americans suffer from chronic renal failure
and need dialysis or kidney transplantation to stay alive.
More than 35,000 patients are waiting for kidney transplants, but only
about 11,000 will receive transplants because of a shortage of suitable
organ donors.
Every year 2200 new cases of Malaysians are diagnosed with end stage
renal failure. There are over 1800 people waiting for a kidney transplant in
Malaysia, the numbers are increasing each year. …… This number is
frightening……
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
Kidneys : What are they?
Your kidneys are two bean-shaped organs near the
middle of your back. Their main function is to eliminate
excess fluid and waste material from your blood.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
How do your kidneys function?
Your kidneys do some important jobs to keep your body healthy:
 Balance your body fluids. Excess fluid is filtered out as urine.
 Remove waste products from your blood.
 Remove drugs and toxins from your body.
 Release hormones into your blood to :
- Control blood pressure
- Make red blood cells
- Keep your bones healthy.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
What are kidney diseases?
Kidney diseases are diseases of the kidney substance that alter the structure and
function of the kidney.
There are many diseases of the kidneys such as glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis &
polycystic kidney.The treatment and potential for recovery depends on the type of
disease. Kidney diseases can lead to kidney failure.
Polycystic kidneys
Normal Kidneys
Healthy kidneys eliminate waste from the blood &
maintain the body’s normal chemical balance.
7/21/2015
Fluid filled sacs, called cysts, characterize autosomal
Dominant polycystic kidney disease.
By Occupational Health Team
What is kidney failure ?
 Kidney failure is a condition where the kidneys are incapable of performing its
normal function. Certain toxic substances which should have been excreted such
as urea and creatinine are accumulated in the body.
 The two main causes of kidney failure are Diabetes & High Blood Pressure.
Many other conditions can harm the kidneys. These include :
 Glomerulonephritis, a disease that causes inflammation in the kidneys.
 Inherited diseases like polycystic kidney disease, which causes many cysts to
form in the kidneys.
 IgA nephropathy or other nephropathy. Essentially an autoimmune problem.
Exact trigger not well known.
 Very large, long standing kidney stone.
 NSAID or pain killer like ponstan, voltaren can cause kidney failure.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
Who is at Risk ?
Risk factors for chronic kidney disease include :

Diabetes

High blood pressure

A family history of chronic kidney disease

Older age

Drug overdose, excessive use of alcohol

Long term use of pain medications such as aspirin, panadol, ibuprofen
and treatment with antibiotic.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
How to early detect kidney ailments?
1.
Blood in urine. Most often not visible. But sometimes may appear
tea color urine.
2.
Protein in urine, low urine output.
3.
Swelling of face and legs
4.
Tiredness, fatigue
5.
Pale and sallow complexion
6.
Have dry and itchy skin
7.
Poor appetite, sometimes accompanied with nausea and vomiting
8.
High blood pressure. Especially when it is hard to bring it to good
control.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
How do you prevent kidney failure?
Early detection can do a lot in preventing deterioration of the kidney function.
Kidney failure does not go down the drain in 3 months, or even one year usually.
But deteriorate very slowly. Thus getting screening helps.
What are the screening test done?
1.
Simple testing of urine with dipstick for protein. If you have 2 positive
result over several weeks, please consult Dr.
2.
Have a blood test for creatinine. Once creatinine exit the high control limit
of 133 umol/L, the kidney will fail expodentially.
2.
24 hours urine collection for creatinine and urine protein.
3.
Ultra sound or CT scan of kidney.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
Important message:
Since 30 – 40 % of kidney failure in Malaysia is due to diabetes, it is
imprerative that all diabetics take note of this and screen for this complication
annually.
There is an extra urine test called urine microalbumin, to detect extra early
diabetic kidney disease. Good diabetes control is important part of prevention
of kidney failure.
What happens if kidney failure occurs?
( End Stage Renal Disease )
 Two successful treatment can be done – Dialysis or a Kidney Transplant.
 These treatments can help you stay healthy and continue your daily activities.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
Dialysis and Kidney Transplant – what are they ?
 Dialysis is a type of treatment that removes wastes and excess fluid from your
blood. 3 forms of dialysis can be done – hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ( CAPD ).
You need dialysis when you develop
End stage renal disease – usually by the
time you lose about 85 – 90% of your
Kidney function.
 A kidney transplant is an operation to place a new kidney in your body to take
over the work of your failed kidneys.
 The kidney may come from someone who has died or from a living donor who
may be a close relatives, friend or possibly a stranger who wished to donate a
kidney to anyone in need of a transplant.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
Do you know how much $$$ you need to spend if you
have kidney failure?
Hemodialysis – RM 150 – RM 250 each time. Normally required 3 times /weeks.
costing the patient between RM 1950 – RM 3250 per month.(not
including consultation fee and medication).
Peritoneal dialysis – RM 2300 – RM 2400/months.
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ( CAPD ) – RM 2000/month
Kidney Transplant – RM 10,000 in GHKL where kidney donated by own relatives.
- RM 100,000 in oversea, example China, Singapore & India.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
Subsequently?
Estimated expenses incurred in kidney dialysis and transplant
patients having out-patient treatment in private hospital
Procedure
Frequency
Cost
Yearly expenses
Dialysis
3 X/week
RM 165
RM 25,740
Kidney function test
Every 3 mths
RM 300
RM 1,200
Cardiac Assessment
Every 6 mths
RM 250
RM 500
Blood transfusion if
the HB is low
Every 3 mths
RM 240
RM 960
Medication
Daily
RM 5
RM 1,825
Total expenses per year = RM 30,225 which averages to RM 2500/month
(Excluding admissions to hospitals for other complications)
Average cost after kidney transplant = RM3000/mth for the first 3 months for kidney monitoring and
medicines to prevent kidney rejection.
Cost may be reduced when transplanted kidney is stabilized.
If complications arise or serum creatinine is high, renal biopsy may be done.
Average cost = RM1000 including a stay in hospital.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
Do you need help ??
National Kidney Foundation of
Malaysia
Tel No :
03 - 79549048
National Transplant Resource
Center
Tel No :
03 – 26981333
04 - 2292433
Penang Adventist Hospital
Tel No :
04 - 2261133
Hospital Lam Wah Ee
Tel No :
04 - 6571888
Buddhist Tzu- Chi Dialysis Center
Tel No :
04 – 2297211 ( Penang )
04 – 3231013 ( B’worth )
04 – 9173604 ( Jitra, Kedah )
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
How do you keep your kidneys healthy and more
resistant to deterioration?
1.
Hydrate yourself well. Drink lots of plain water to keep your urine pale most of
the time.
2. Avoid unnecessary medication ( esp NSAID and on long term ). Look for better
alternative solution.
3. Avoid overloading your kidney with protein. Most of us only need about 2
ounces of protein a day! Protein leakage thru the kidney filter accelerate the
deterioration of kidney function. Consult a renal dietitian if you need help.
4.
Keep your cholesterol in good level.
5. Keep blood pressure and sugar in good control.
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team
What else you can do ?
Keep yourself in your best health by practicing all known health habits, ie :
1.
Good diet, pay special attention to salt intake ( better use sea salt due to
its wider range of mineral profile ) and protein intake.
2.
Handle life stress well
3.
Regular exercise
4.
Adequate rest/sleep.
This article is not meant to diagnose nor treat your disease. It is only for general
information. You should seek a face to face consultation with a qualified medical
practitioner for a proper assessment and treatment plan.
HEALTH IS WEALTH
7/21/2015
By Occupational Health Team