Transcript Computer Parts

Database Basics
Objectives
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Describe the basic organization of a
database.
Summarize advantage to using database
software.
Define GIGO, and explain how it relates to
the quality of a database.
Give examples of how to manage
information in database.
Describe the features of a report template.
Key Terms
Data type
 Database
 Field
 Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)
 Record
 Table
 Database Management System (DBMS)
 Flat-File Database
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Key Terms
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Key Field
Object-Oriented database
Relational Database
Sort
Ascending order
Information overload
Report
Report Template
Introduction
What is a Database?
Databases make it easy to store, add,
organize, and retrieve information.
The Essentials of a Database
Records – The data in each table is further split into
smaller units that contain related information about
one individual or item.
Field – Each separate piece of data that is stored in
a record – a student’s last name, and first name. It
is the smallest element in a database.
Data Type – limited kind of information that can be
entered into a field.
The Essentials of a Database
GIGO – is short for “garbage in, garbage out.” It
means that if the information placed in a database is
wrong, anyone using that information will get the
wrong results.
Database Management System – is software used to
manage the storage, organization, processing, and
retrieval of data in a database. Example:
FileMaker Pro 12
Flat-file database – allows you to work with data in
only one table.
Flat File Database
The Essentials of a Database
Relational Database – can use data from several
tables at the same time. This is because the tables
linked by a key field.
Key Field - a field that is found in each of the
tables.
Ascending order – data can be sorted, in which an
example would be values increase, such as A,B,C or
1,2,3.
Relational Database
The Essentials of a Database
Table – A database has one or more tables, just as a
file cabinet may have one or more drawers.
Sort – database programs are superior to paper
databases in part because the information can be
sorted in different ways.
Object-Oriented Databases – databases that store
objects, such as documents, video clips, and audio
clips.
Object Oriented Database
The Essentials of a Database
Multimedia Databases – serves as an index to all the
separately stores files similar to a book index.
Data Security – The same features that make
databases efficient tools make them vulnerable to
invasions of privacy. Personal information can be
misused. Requiring users to input a password so
they can access data which is one way of keeping a
database secure.
The Essentials of a Database
Data Redundancy – Repeating the same data in
many tables wastes space by requiring a computer
to store the same information more than once.
Information Overload – can be reduced or
prevented if the information is summarized so that
Database users are not overwhelmed by details.
Chronological Order – dates and times are sorted in
this way.
The Essentials of a Database
Multi-Sorts – allows you to tailor the reports
generated from a database.
Report Template – a pattern that controls how data
will be displayed. This typically has several main
features:
Report header – appears at the beginning of a
report, such as the report title.
Report footer – appears at the end of a report,
such as summary totals or averages
The Essentials of a Database
Page header – appears at the top of each page,
such as field headings
Page footer – appears at the bottom of each page,
such as the date the report was printed and the page
number the arrangement of the data that you want
the report to include (Example: books in a library)