Transcript Slide 1

Automated Medication
Dispensing Device
RERC on Accessible Medical Instrumentation Competition 2005-2006
Team 6:
Eva Marie Suarez
Kevin Villani
Jacquelyn Masse
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Objectives
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Client Needs
Existing Devices and Patents
Device Features
Design
Budget
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Client Needs
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Multiple medications
Poor eyesight
Lack of fine motor
control
Limited mobility
Segmentation
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Products Currently Available
Product
Name
Image
PRO
CON
MedTime
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Timer with alarm
- Portable
- $232.95
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Difficult loading
- No cutting device
- No security feature
MD2
- Timer with alarm
- Gives medication
instructions
- Calls caretaker if
medication not dispensed or
refill is needed
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CompuMed
- Timer with alarm
- Gives medication
instructions
- Minimal security
- Tracks number of missed
doses
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Dispenses in small container
- No cutting device
- No security feature
- $919.95 plus $38.95 per month
Pills deposited into drawer
- Only dispenses up to 4 times per
day
- Medicine cassette needs to be
changed weekly
- No cutting device
- $1045.00
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Patents
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Medication Dispenser for Dispensing Flat Dosage
Forms (6,527,138)
Tamper Resistant Programmable Medicine Dispenser
(6,163,736)
Timed Medicine Dispenser (4,207,992)
Medicine Dispenser (5,947,329)
Medicine Dispensing Device (5,454,793)
Gravity Feeding Pill Medicine Dispenser (4,638,923)
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Device features
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Automatically Cuts Pills
Easy Loading
Keeps Pills Organized
Alarm Reminder
Automatically Dispenses Dosage
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Basic Elements
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Device components
 User input
 LabVIEW program
 Case
 Robotic arm with vacuum assembly
 Cutter assembly
 Storage assembly
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
User Input
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User interface
LabVIEW on Laptop Computer
 Keyboard
 Barcode Scanner
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Functions
Add pills
 Set number of pills
 Set new expiration date
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Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Front Panel
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Block Diagram – Main Program
Timing
Dispensing
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Block Diagram – Main Program
Adding Pills
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Block Diagram – Main Program
Cutting Sequence
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Block Diagram – Motor Control
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Block Diagram – Motor Control
Basic Motor Program
Pill Sensor
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Outer Case
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Major Components
Funnel
Cutter
Arm
Vacuum Tip
Temporary Storage
Storage Compartments
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Storage Assembly
• 7 compartments
• Mounted on
rotating base
• Sloped bottom
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Robotic Arm
•Range: Approximately 240°
•Moves pills around enclosure
•Mount for vacuum tubing
Vacuum
•Pump
•Tip
•Filter
•Pressure sensor
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Cutter Assembly
Blade
Funnel
Complete Assembly
Temporary
Storage
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Data Flow
Keyboard
Laptop
Computer
Robotic Arm
DC
Barcode reader
Servo
6.0 V
Relays
Servo
CTR0
DAQ
analog
Pump
digital
Cutter assembly
Servo
Servo
Vacuum
DC
Pin 2
Pin 4
3.0 V
Servo
Pressure
Sensor
Rotating Base
Servo
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Product Testing
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Future Improvements
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Microcontrollers
Inexpensive
 Small
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Touch Screen
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Eliminates need for keyboard
Option for early dosage dispense
Audio instructions reminder when dispensing
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Budget
Component
Quantity
Unit Price
Extended
Price
Supplier
Servo Motors
3
$34.09
$102.26
Lynx Motion
Roll-up
Keyboard
1
$19.59
$19.59
Mwave.com
Barcode
Scanner
1
$126.45
$126.45
ID Automation
Vacuum Pump
1
$18.73
$18.73
Skycraft Parts
Keyboard
Labels
1
$36.45
$36.45
EnableMart
Plastic
1
$45.00
$45.00
Lynx Motion
TOTAL
$348.48
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Conclusion
1. Planning
•Client needs
•Specifications
& Requirements
•Business Analysis
FINAL
PRODUCT
2. Designing
•Cost
•Functionality
•Aesthetics
•Electrical, Mechanical
& Technical
•Optimal design
5. Reporting
•Lab Notebook
•Meetings
•Written Reports
•Presentation
3. Building
•Timeframe
•Compatibility
4. Testing & Adjusting
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Acknowledgements
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RERC Competition
Chris Liebler
John Enderle
Dave Kaputa
Bharat Sandhu
Tolland Architecture and Woodworking
Jon Sapienza
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Questions?
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Back-Up Slides
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
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MedTime: The Medtime product is essentially a rotating disk that contains several compartments in which the pills are separated
into to create the appropriate dosage. The MedTime device also contains a timer and an alarm which can be programmed to
sound when the medication must be taken. Once this alarm goes off, the disk rotates to reveal the next dosage to be taken. The
client then turns the product over so the pills fall into his/her hand. If a dosage is missed then the disk will continue to rotate so
that the next dosage becomes available. The advantage of this device is that it is portable, so it can be taken with the client at all
times. This product is also one of the least expensive medication dispensing devices at $232.95. The disadvantages of this product
are its time consuming loading requirement, the lack of a cutting device, and minimal security. To load the device all the dosages
must be pre-separated which will require the effort of a caretaker in most cases. The dispensing mechanism of the device is also
inadequate for many elderly, since it requires one to tip the device over to expel the dosage. Not only is the method of dispensing
not safe if there are children present since it is accessible to anyone, but it also provides the opportunity for the medication to fall
on the ground easily. Those in a wheelchair would not be able to pick up the medication if it fell on the ground as well as those
with poor vision.
MD2: The MD2 is a more sophisticated medication dispensing device than the MedTime. This product contains the same feature
of a timed dispensing mechanism with an alarm to alert the client. The dosage is expelled in a small plastic container once the
release button is pushed by the user which also turns off the alarm. When a dosage is released any medication instructions that
was programmed into the device is then given orally, such as ‘take with food’. If a dosage is missed the device can call up to four
individuals to alert them that a dose was not taken. The advantages of this device is that it alerts another individual of a missed
dose rather than moving onto the next one, so the probability of a dosage not being taken is relatively small. Clients that forget to
take their medication are also likely to forget the instructions or each medication, an error in consumption of the pills is prevented
with this device via the oral instructions. The disadvantage of this product is mainly its cost. The dispenser costs $919.95 plus an
additional $38.95 per month for the calling feature. The product also does not have a cutter and has minimal security since the
dispensing of the medication is controlled by the push of a button, which can be done by any individual in the household
including small children. Dispensing the dosage in a small container also requires the assistance of a caretaker to prepare. Opening
this container once dispensed may also prove difficult for some individuals with limited mobility and poor vision.
CompuMed: The CompuMed shares some similarities with both the MedTime and the MD2. This device alerts the user that a
dosage needs to be taken via an alarm. The dosage is deposited into a small drawer located on the front of the device. If a dosage
is missed the drawer is withdrawn and the dosage is sent to another compartment. The machine keeps track of how many doses
were missed but does not alert any caretaker as the MD2 does. It will also provide the medication instructions on the LCD screen
when a dosage is dispensed as the MD2. The CompuMed has a higher level of security than the other two devices. Although the
dosage is deposited into a drawer where others can access it, the rest of the medication stored in the product is locked inside with
a key. This key is also needed to change the programming of the device and thus prevents any tampering that may otherwise
occur. The main advantages of this device are its enhanced security, and lower cost when compared to the MD2. The CompuMed
costs approximately $1045.00, but does not have any additional monthly fees. The disadvantage of this product is that the
medication is loaded into cartridges which is a time consuming process and limits the amount of medication that can dispensed.
The cartridges need to be changed weekly and are only capable of dispensing up to four dosages per day. This device also lacks a
cutting mechanism and dispenses the medication into a drawer which may be difficult to extract from the small drawer for some
individuals.
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Patents
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Medication Dispenser for Dispensing Flat Dosage Forms (6,527,138): This device is designed
specifically for flat mediations that come on a roll similar to that of a stamp roll. The device then
advances the roll when the next medication needs to be taken. The dispensing mechanism can be
either manual activated, mechanical or automated. The machine also has the capability to record
the number of doses dispensed.
Tamper Resistant Programmable Medicine Dispenser (6,163,736): This device prevents
unauthorized movement of the indexing assembler to prevent untimely access to medications. It
is a small and portable product, but requires the medications to be separated into the appropriate
dosages beforehand.
Medicine Dispenser (5,947,329): This product also provides a security feature against
unauthorized access to the medication by storing the medication in sealed containers that require
deliberate steps to get the medication dispensed. This device is completely mechanical and
includes a counter to track the dosages dispensed.
Timed Medicine Dispenser (4,207,992): As the title suggests, this a timed dispenser which alerts
the patient when the medication needs to be taken. The pills need to be pre-separated into the
correct dosages as with several of the other devices.
Medicine Dispensing Device (5,454,793): This device is made specifically for liquid medications.
It dispenses metered quantities from an ampoule and can easily return to its original state.
Gravity Feeding Pill Medicine Dispenser (4,638,923): This is the only device that dispenses the
medication from the container provided by the pharmacy. It uses gravity to release the pills from
the container. It is economical and easy to use, but does not contain a system to verify that the
pills were extracted from the container correctly.
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
Specifications
Electrical Parameters
Environmental Parameters
Power Sources
Main
PDA
Display
Number of Characters
Height
Width
Illumination
Motors
Stepper motors
Quantity
Voltage
Servo motors
Quantity
Voltage
AC-DC converter
Voltage splitter (resistive network)
rechargeable lithium battery
320x320
~4.5 in.
~3.1 in.
Transflective TFT color display (65,000 colors)
Touch screen
Bright display for elderly and vision impaired
High contrast
2
12V
4
9V
Operating temperatures
Storage temperature
Storage humidity
Light level
Hardware and Software Parameters
PDA
Processor
Operating system
Required program
Programming
Memory
Barcode reader
file
roll up keyboard, possibly w/brail
¼ tablet – 100%
Mechanical Parameters
Material
Weight
Vibration
Size
Anchoring/Mounting System
Gears
Blade
Size
Material
Security
Plastic
Compatible with chemical composition of
Medications used
<20 lbs
minimal
easily transportable to a home or clinical setting
strap or screw plate
screw and simple
1” razor blade
metal with low reactivity, possibly stainless steel
Case screwed shut
Medication door with child safety
Intel 200MHz Xscale
Palm 0S garnet (v5.4) required for LabView
Microsoft Excel
Programmed in LabView
32MB (26 MB actual storage)
Plug n Play type, output to Excel spreadsheet
Input Parameters
Alarm silence
Barcode data
User interface
Accuracy
0-100° C
dependant on medication (will research)
airtight
low
Medication reload
PDA front panel
Medication name
Dose
Interval
Expiration dates
Warning
User operated
Output Parameters
Alarm condition
Error condition
Dose/Interval
Time stamp dose
Medication
User input required for medication dispensing
Medication jam
Change confirmation
Record dose and time
Near empty warning (reload)
Automated Medication Dispensing Device
References
e-pill Medication Reminders, Wellesley, MA, 2005.
http://www.epill.com
Lynxmotion LLC., Pekin, IL, 2004.
http://www.lynxmotion.com
National Instruments Corporation, Austin, TX, 2005.
http://www.ni.com
Parallax Inc., Rocklin, California, 2002-2004.
http://www.parallax.com