Transcript SECTION 2 - Ashland Community & Technical College

Patient Assessment
Emergency
Action Steps
‘EAS’
Patient Assessment
Patient Assessment Process
• Scene size-up
• Initial assessment
• Identify and treat life
threats
• Ongoing
assessment
• Check
• Call
• Care
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Patient Assessment
EMERGENCY ACTION STEPS
• Check the scene, then the victim
• Call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number
• Care for the victim
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Patient Assessment
APPLYING THE EMERGENCY
ACTION STEPS
• CHECK the Scene
• Is the scene safe to approach?
• What happened?
• How many victims are there?
• Are bystanders present to help?
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Patient Assessment
APPLYING THE EMERGENCY
ACTION STEPS
• CHECK the Victim
• Which victims were checked for life-threatening
conditions?
• Which victims were checked for non-life threatening
conditions?
• Why were all victims not checked for non-life threatening
conditions?
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Patient Assessment
WHEN CHECKING A
CONSCIOUS VICTIM, ASK–
• What happened?
• Do you feel pain anywhere?
• Do you have any allergies?
• Do you have any medical conditions or are
you taking any medications?
• Have you had anything to eat or drink?
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Patient Assessment
APPLYING THE EMERGENCY
ACTION STEPS
• CALL 9-1-1
• When did someone call?
• What information should the caller be prepared to give?
• What could you do to ensure that 9-1-1 has been called?
What if you are not sure?
• Where else might the caller find a phone?
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Patient Assessment
CONDITIONS THAT ARE IMMEDIATELY
LIFE THREATENING
• Unconsciousness
• Not breathing
• No heartbeat (or signs of circulation)
• Severe bleeding
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Patient Assessment
APPLYING THE EMERGENCY
ACTION STEPS
• CARE
• What care was provided?
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Patient Assessment
Body Substance Isolation
• Assumes all body fluids present a
possible risk for infection
• Protective equipment
• Latex or vinyl gloves should
always be worn
• Eye protection
• Mask
• Gown
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Patient Assessment
Scene Safety
Potential Hazards
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Oncoming traffic
Unstable surfaces
Leaking gasoline
Downed electrical
lines
• Potential for
violence
• Fire or smoke
• Hazardous
materials
• Other dangers at
crash or rescue
scenes
• Crime scenes
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Patient Assessment
Scene Safety
• Park in a safe area
• The safety of you comes first!
• Next concern is the safety of patient(s) and
bystanders.
• Request additional resources if needed to
make scene safe.
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Patient Assessment
Mechanism of Injury
• What happened?
• Helps determine the possible extent
of injuries on trauma patients
• Evaluate:
• Amount of force applied to body
• Area of the body involved
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Patient Assessment
Motor Vehicle Crashes
• Amount of force related
to speed
• Injuries can be predicted
by:
• Position in the car
• Use of seat belts
• How the body shifts
during the crash
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Patient Assessment
Falls
• Amount of force related
to height of fall
• Note surface that
patient landed on
• Attempt to determine
how patient landed
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Patient Assessment
Gunshot and Stab Wounds
• Gunshot wounds
• Force is related to caliber
of weapon and distance
from gun to the patient
• Stab wounds
• Injury can be estimated by
looking at the entrance
and length of the weapon
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Patient Assessment
Nature of Illness
• Search for clues to determine
the nature of illness.
• Often described by the
patient’s chief complaint
• Gather information from the
patient and people on scene.
• Observe the scene.
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Patient Assessment
Number of Patients
• Determine the number of patients
and their condition.
• Assess what additional resources
will be needed.
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