Transcript PRESENTATION TO MR NICKY OPPENHEIMER BY BRAAM LE …

The Kuru Family of Organizations
Experience working with
Communities on PA(TFCA)
Governance: Opportunities
and Challenges
APRIL 2010
The structure of the KFO
Independent and Interdependent organizations
Gantsi
Craft
SASI
TOCaDI
Kuru
D’kar
Trust
Komku
Trust
SAaC Pty
Ltd
Bokamoso
Letloa
Trust
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Where do we
find the San of
southern Africa?
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San communities reached by KFO
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WHAT ARE THE AIMS OF KFO IN
WORKING WITH SAN COMMUNITIES
•
To provide the San with the advice, education and training to:
•
Know their rights and be able to fight for them
•
Run their own organisation and participate fully in decision making
and management of their Organization
•
Work with dignity and respect for their own unique culture and
identity alongside others in the broader Botswana society
•
Develop economic alternatives for their community as well as
sustainable and culturally accepted modern skills for their survival in
the modern world.
•
Promote cultural expression and pride in own identity, as well as
provide educational grounding through mother tongue education
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SUCCESSES AND EXPERIENCES WORKING WITH
COMMUNITIES ON PA GOVERNANCE
Strong Involvement:
•Ownership of Management plans. Strong support for initiatives and strategies
•Less resistance to implementation.
•Participation in decision making and structures
Other stakeholder
involvement:
Government departments and
other institutions eg BTB,
wildlife, etc District and tribal
authorities and law enforcement
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Tsodilo proposed developments
NOT generally done in ungazetted
settlement
SUCCESS AND EXPERIENCES…cont..
•Traditional Knowledge on San
culture including:
Art and craft making.
(the art depicted on the
Tail of BA was made by
An elderly San woman)
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SUCESSES AND EXPERIENCES ..cont.
•Enabling environment to practice traditional culture for income generating and
cultural tourism including
•Traditional fire making (project that is becoming common during corporate
retreats)
•Traditional healing dances.
Other traditional
knowledge and cultural
activities including:
Bow hunting
Tracking and tour guide
(accredited certificates in tour
guide)
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Naro
Language
Project
•Bible translation into Naro
•Training component: Literacy classes in Naro language
(crash course, advanced, and teacher training)
•Community literacy classes in different settlements
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Naro Language Project Publications:
•Naro Nxara monthly newsletter
•Annual Naro Calendar
•Daily Manna, monthly
•Flyers, banners, posters on HIV/AIDS
•Various other literature
The project also provides
support to further
development of materials in
other unwritten San
languages.
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Development of traditional knowledge in Craft
making, Dancing Attire, and Baskets product ranges
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• Community Trusts are able to stand firm in face
of pressures
• - San now have some support from other
groups :
• Collaboration with government ministries,
departments and other stakeholders has
improved and now work as development
partners
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OPPORTUNITIES….
•
•
•
Closer collaboration with Government
ministry, departments, other NGOs and
stakeholders leading to:
Creation of and an environment that supports
a greater diversity of livelihood options.
NGOs complements efforts of govt..Less
mistrust between government and NGOs,
particularly in natural resource conservation,
enterprise development, health and equality.
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Opportunities ..contin..
• Creation of empowered, independent
communities who know their rights, options
and potentials and how to achieve them.
• Increase financial sustainability of target
groups due to products access to buyers and
creation of employment opportunities for
local communities
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Vast area, sparsely populated, mobile target groups, high poverty, alcohol
abuse, limited communication (radio), language barriers
National IEC (information, education, communication) does not reach rural area
groups physically nor contextually
Health systems
Contemporary life affecting San culture: Health, HIV/AIDS, TB, nutrition and gender
issues.
Mobile clinics visit irregularly; lack of comprehensive health services to Ghanzi
farms, and surrounding rural areas
Weak coordination, monitoring and supervision of rural area health facilities—
supplies/medications run out, patient follow up poor
Use of the Kgotla system – community meetings- not always reflective
of the views of less dominant groups
Development advantages
Development –
disadvantages
Improved opportunities
(employment, training)
Stretching of resources meant
for few people
Availability of more resourced
people with varied skills
Overcrowding leading to
possible competition of resources
and conflict
Developed infrastructure ie roads,
schools, closer government
facilities and services
Skills and knowledge transfer
Better services ie shops, banks,
hotels etc
Increased crime ie theft, robbery
Abuse of local communities by
more dominant groups – leading to
teenage pregnancies, drug
trafficking
Improved village economy
Further marginalization of local
communities. No protection
DEVELOPMENT VS COMMUNITY RIGHTS
National Development sometimes leads to dispossession of land by communities
Under the Tribal Grazing Land Policy 1975, large tracks of land were allocated to
cattle ranchers who received exclusive lease rights to the grazing land
No alternative land set aside for people living in the land allocated to cattle
ranchers
World bank estimates about 28,000 poor people living in rural Botswana
displaced as a result of the TGLP
Over 4,000 mainly Bushmen/San communities moved to new settlements ie
West and East Hanahai. Others remained and worked as farm workers
2009 Revised Remote Area Development Programme tries to address some of
the disadvantages faced by communities particularly the San and correct some of
the historical injustices
DEVELOPMENT VS COMMUNITY RIGHTS
CKGR established in 1961 to protect wildlife showcase how human can co-exist
with animals
1985 Government determines that community lifestyles no longer consistent with
the objectives of the reserve and decides to relocate residents leaving within the
reserve to outside settlements
Majority of residents relocated around 1997 to 2001. Few however remained in
the reserve.
2002 Government terminated provision of essential services inside the reserve
leading to San who remained in the reserve taking government to court
2006 High Court held the applicants were deprived of possession of land which
they lawfully occupied
Intervention of International groups with own agendas and interests which often
does not advance the cause of the San
KFO Recent Milestones
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Community Development policy agreed with Deebers for
exploration activities in areas where San communities have
presence or heritage.
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Establishment of the San Leadership Development Programme
to enhance San leadership and develop San Managers who are
able to take positions of responsibility both within and outside
KFO
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Establishment of cooperation with University of Botswana and
University of Tromso in Norway as well as the Smart Institute
Organization dealing with Oborigins in Australia
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Establishment of the Centre for San studies at University of
Botswana which will official be launched on 19 April 2010
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Agreement with Private sector Organization to market San Arts
and Crafts products at OR Tambo Intl Airport ahead of FIFA
World Cup 2010
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The ‘un-reached’ San
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Thank you !
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