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Department of Homeland Security
Federal Emergency
Management Agency
What is FEMA?
Since March 2003, part of the Department
of Homeland Security
A former independent agency created in
1979
Includes the U.S. Fire Administration and
Federal Insurance Administration
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Sec. Tom Ridge:
“In the new Department of Homeland
Security, the Federal Emergency
Management Agency will become the
nation's all-hazard incident manager. If
it's a terrorist incident, if it's a natural
disaster, whatever it is, this new
department, through FEMA, will be on
the scene and manage the response.”
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DHS Mission
Prevent terrorist attacks in the U.S.
Reduce America’s vulnerability to
terrorism
Minimize the damage from potential
attacks and natural disasters
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Directorates of DHS:
Border and Transportation Security
FEMA
Science and Technology
Information Analysis and Infrastructure
Protection
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Also part of DHS:
U.S. Coast Guard
U.S. Secret Service
Citizenship and Immigration Services
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FEMA’s Mission:
Reduce the loss of life and property and
protect our institutions from all hazards by
leading and supporting the nation in a
comprehensive, risk-based emergency
management program of mitigation,
preparedness, response and recovery.
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Who is FEMA?
Under Secretary appointed
by the President, confirmed
by Congress, reporting to
DHS Secretary
2,400 permanent employees
7,000 disaster reserve
employees
8,000 NDMS reserve
employees
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What does FEMA do?
Disaster response and
recovery
Reducing risk from
disasters through mitigation
Preparedness training and
exercises
Consequence management
following terrorist incidents
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What else does FEMA do?
Train fire fighters and
first responders
Oversee the National
Flood Insurance
Program
Manage the National
Disaster Medical
System
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Where is FEMA?
Washington, D.C.
Ten regional offices
Disaster Field Offices
Tele-registration
processing centers
Training facilities
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When does FEMA respond?
When local and state capabilities are
overwhelmed
State governors must request a federal
disaster declaration
FEMA assesses disaster damage to determine
extent of need
Presidential approval of a declaration request
allows FEMA to provide response and
recovery assistance
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Man-made vs natural disaster:
FEMA doesn’t differentiate
between disasters caused by
nature, such as earthquakes,
or disasters such as a
terrorist event. In all cases,
FEMA provides response and
recovery assistance geared to
the event and in coordination
with local, state and federal
officials.
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In a disaster, FEMA:
Provides disaster response aid
to individuals, communities and
states for immediate needs
Provides disaster aid to
individuals, communities and
states for recovery
Promotes risk reduction from
future disasters through
mitigation efforts
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Response Resources:
DHS/FEMA activates and manages emergency response
assets through the Emergency Support Function
Structure established within the National Response Plan
Emergency Support Functions
Transportation – IT and Telecommunications – Infrastructure –
Firefighting – Mass Care – Housing – Public Health – Urban
Search and Rescue – Hazardous Materials – Agriculture –
Energy – Economic Stabilization
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Response Resources:
Mass sheltering and feeding
Temporary housing
Supplemental power / generators
Ice and water
Emergency personnel equipment
Medical support
Urban Search and Rescue (USAR)
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FEMA disaster aid programs:
Public Assistance
Individual
Assistance
Hazard Mitigation
Grant Program
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Other assistance:
Crisis counseling
Disaster-related
unemployment
assistance
Legal aid
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Support for Medical Facilities:
Two Avenues of
Support:
Funding reimbursement
for certain costs incurred
by eligible medical
facilities
Personnel, supplies and
equipment to augment
local medical systems
when overwhelmed
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Medical Response Resources:
FEMA’s Public Assistance Program
Generally does not reimburse for increased costs
May provide reimbursement for extraordinary costs associated with
providing temporary facilities
May provide reimbursement to hospitals that need to evacuate special
needs patients to another facility
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Medical Response Resources:
HHS assets can be activated under the National Response
Plan (NRP) including:
Surveillance support
Medical care personnel such as the U.S. Public Health Service
Commissioned Corps
Supplies and equipment
Support with patient evacuations utilizing DOT assets
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Medical Response Resources:
Medical Support Teams within NDMS
including:
DMAT
DMORT
VMAT
NPRT
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Medical Response Resources:
A Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) is a group of
professional and para-professional medical personnel
(supported by a cadre of logistical and administrative staff)
designed to provide medical care during a disaster or other
event.
DMATs deploy to disaster sites with sufficient supplies and
equipment to sustain themselves for a period of 72 hours while
providing medical care at a fixed or temporary medical care
site. In mass casualty incidents, their responsibilities may
include triaging patients, providing high-quality medical care
despite the adverse and austere environment often found at a
disaster site, and preparing patients for evacuation. In other
types of situations, DMATs may provide primary medical care
and/or may serve to augment overloaded local health care
staffs.
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Medical Response Resources:
Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Teams
(DMORT0) provide support when local mortuary services
are overwhelmed, support provided includes:
Temporary morgue facilities
Victim identification
Forensic dental pathology
Forensic anthropology methods
Processing
Preparation
Disposition of remains
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Medical Response Resources:
Strategic National Stockpile
HHS/DHS assets include antibiotics, chemical antidotes, life
support medications, etc.
Delivery within 12 hours anywhere in U.S. or territories
Over 150 locally stored and controlled caches throughout the
Nation
Capable of supporting approximately 100,000 individuals for
10 days
Additional Federal caches controlled by the CDC to augment the
locally placed supplies
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Medical Response Resources:
DOD Assets:
USS Comfort docked in NY following 9/11 attacks
Mobile military hospital utilized in Puerto Rico and Guam
VA assets
Aeromedical Evacuation System
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Medical Response Resources:
Urban Search and Rescue
In addition to traditional USAR ability, each team has
6 ER doctors and 6 EMT nurses, as well as cache of
supplies and equipment, which could be used to
support overwhelmed local medical facilities
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FEMA’s Future:
As part of the Department of Homeland
Security, FEMA is leveraging its
resources with those of 21 other
agencies and departments to ensure a
full continuum of response and recovery
activities – and to attain a vision of a
“nation prepared.”
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