Transcript Health Care Professionals

Health Care Professionals
Unit-R
Specific Objectives
1. Analyze medical/health professions and
related employment opportunities.
2. Identify preparation and credentials
needed in medical/health professions.
3. Analyze professions/ethical
characteristics of medical professions.
4. Perform mathematical conversions
common to the medical/health
professions.
CAREERS WEB-SITES
• http://www.amaassn.org/ama/pub/category/13087.html
http://www.careervoyages.gov/healthcaremain.cfm
http://www.bls.gov/oco/cg/cgs035.htm
http://www.training.nih.gov/careers/careerc
enter/caroptsmed.html#top
Physicians
Examine patients, obtain
medical histories, order
tests, make diagnoses,
perform surgery, treat
disease and disorders,
and each preventive
health.
Physicians Assistant
Works under the supervision
of physicians, take medical
histories; perform routine
examinations and basic
diagnostics tests; make
preliminary diagnoses; treat
minor injuries; and prescribe
and administrate
appropriate treatments.
Chiropractor
A health care approach and
profession that emphasizes
diagnosis, treatment and
prevention of mechanical
disorders of the musculoskeletal
system, especially the spine,
under the hypothesis that these
disorders affect general health
via the nervous system. It is
generally considered to be
alternative medicine.
Nursing
Work under the direction
of physicians and provide
total care to patients.
To obtain an associate
degree in nursing one
would attend what type of
postsecondary institution?
Community college
Diagnostics
Perform tests or evaluations
that aid in the detection,
diagnosis, and treatment of
disease, injury, or other
physical conditions.
Therapist
Helps people with physical,
mental, or emotional
disabilities to overcome,
correct, or adjust to their
particular problems.
• SPEECH
• RESPIRATORY
• MASSAGE
Occupational Therapist
To enable people to
participate in the activities
of everyday life, such as
dressing, eating or
maintaining their homes.
Occupational therapists
achieve this outcome by
enhancing the individual's
ability to participate, by
modifying the
environment, or by
adapting the activity to
better support
participation.
Social Workers
• Help people by referring
them to community
sources for assistance.
They might work with
people who are homeless,
sick, or having family
problems. Or they might
help students who are
having trouble in school.
Health Care Administrator
• Executive-level administrators are highly
educated individuals responsible for leading and
managing hospital, clinics, and other agencies.
Medical Records Technician
• They organize, codes
the patient’s chart &
gathers patient data.
Medical Records
Administrator has to
have a Bachelors
degree.
Surgeon
• Requires a doctorate
degree with postgraduate training in a
specialty area.
Podiatrist
• A foot doctor that specializes in the
treatment of the human foot & ankle.
Epidemiologist
• Epidemiologists study patterns of disease
occurrence in populations and ways to
prevent it & control disease.
Vision Services
• Ophthalmologist-MD who specializes in diseases &
disorders of the eye
• Optometrist- MD who examines eyes for vision
problems & defects
• Ophthalmic Tech-works under the direction of an
ophthalmologist. Duties include visual acuity testing,
refractometry, contact lens fitting, and assisting in
laser surgery and other forms of minor ophthalmic
surgery.
• Optician-a person who makes and fits glasses or
lenses prescribed to the patient.
PERFUSIONIST
Operates the heart-lung
machine during cardiac
surgery & other surgeries
that require
cardiopulmonary bypass.
Mental Health Careers
• Psychiatrist-may prescribe
psychiatric medications, conduct
physical examinations, order and
interpret laboratory tests and
electroencephalograms, and may
order brain imaging studies such
as computed tomography.
• Psychologist-is an expert in
psychology, the systematic
investigation of the human mind,
including behavior, cognition &
affect.
Proctologist
A proctologist should be
a surgeon by training.
Physicians specializing
in dealing with diseases
& disorders of the
rectum, anus, colon &
pelvic floor.
Biostatistician
• Biostatisticians play
essential roles in
designing studies
and analyzing data
from research
problems.
PHARMACIST
• Pharmacists are health
professionals who practice
the art and science of
dispensing medication to
the patient and counsel
them on the proper use &
adverse effects of that
medication. They work in
hospitals, health
departments, and
community pharmacies.
Dietary Careers
• Registered dietician- plans
nutrition programs to help
both sick and healthy
people who need to improve
their nutrition. They pass an
exam administered by
regulatory board & are
maintained on a current list.
• Dietetic technician- passes
out trays to the patients and
assists the dietician.
Pathologist
• Performs autopsies and diagnoses
diseases by studying cells, tissues and
organs.
Physical Therapy Aide
• Physical therapist aids
perform a variety of tasks
under the direction and
supervision of physical
therapists. This career can
be pursued by on the job
training.
Biomedical Equipment Technician
• Repairs and maintains high technology life saving
devices.
Biomedical Engineer
• The application of engineering principles to
design and problem solve to help improve
patient health care and the quality of life.
Emergency Medical Technician
• High visibility health professional who
provides life-saving care at the scene of an
accident or for sudden illness is a emergency.
Veterinarian
• Veterinarians take
care of sick and
injured animals. Like
doctors, they perform
surgery and give
medicine. 8 years of
education required
after high school.
Anesthesiologist
• Responsible for
putting a patient to
sleep for surgery.
• C. Employment opportunities
– Trends are projections or indicators on how
Health Care will change.
– Understanding some of the larger trends that
shape the job market can help narrow your
search.
– Projections- Using data compiled from the United
Stated Bureau of Labor Statistics and from major
newspapers and magazines, we have listed five of
the biggest trends that will impact your choice of
college major and ten of the jobs for which there
will be the highest demand over the next ten years
Trends and Projections
Our state’s rising Latino population is
another major demographic trend affecting
health care in the 21st century. Many
hospitals, health departments, and
individual practitioners are struggling now
to overcome language barriers with their
Spanish-speaking patients and are hiring
medical translators to improve
communication.
Trends and Projections
• Aging Baby Boomers
• Everybody knows that the growing population of
seniors will have a major impact on North
America's economy and society. Home care and
nursing homes are two areas where rapid
growth is expected. The elderly will also be
relying on therapists, specialists, and general
practitioners to enhance their quality of life.
20 Fastest Growing Health
Occupations in North Carolina
• Cardiovascular
Technologist
Certified Nursing
Assistant
Clinical Laboratory
Scientist
Dentist
Health Information
Technician
Medical Assistant
Medical Coding Specialist
Medical Laboratory
Technician
Medical Scientist
• Mental Health
Technician Pharmacist
Physician Assistant
Psychological Associate
Radiation Technologist
Registered Nurse
Respiratory Care
Practitioner
Speech-Language
Pathologist
Speech-Language
Pathology Assistant
Substance Abuse
Counselor
Surgical Technologist
Where to look?
• http://www.healthjobsusa.com/
• Occupational outlook
• Local Internet
Identify preparation and credentials
needed in medical/health
professions
• A. Preparation
– High school/Secondary- Basic preparation
should include: Sciences, Social Studies,
English, and Mathematics.
– Post secondary- may include training in:
vocational-technical school, community
college, or a university.
– Professional- a Doctorate or doctor’s
degree.
Credentials
LICENSURE:
Approved education program, passes state
board tests & maintains standards.
CERTIFICATION:
– A person has fulfilled education requirements
& has met the standard of a professional
organization.
REGISTRATION:
– Listing or assignment of a number to a person
– Trained and evaluated to perform a duty or
task
– Sometimes based on law or statute
Licensure, certification &
registration
• Has met minimal
requirements of that
profession.
• Theses protect the
patient.
Code of Ethical
and Professional Standards
• To set the standard and
be an example for others.
• To earn individual respect
and increase our
credibility with those we
serve.
• Not talking about patients
to coworker. ViolatesEthical professional
standards
Analyze professional/ethical
characteristics of medical/health
professions.
• A. Professional Characteristics
Appearance- a personnel
should always appear in a
way that inspires confidence
and a positive self-image.
Attitude- You should have: a
positive attitude, patience,
have a tolerance for
criticism, a certain tact
personality, and
responsibility.
Actions- you should always
be a team player.
Competence-perform a task
correctly and follows
instructions.
Characteristic of a Health Care
Worker
1. Competence-performs task correctly and
follows directions.
2. Enthusiasm-eagerness to learn and help
others.
3. Patience-tolerance for others.
4. Tact-skill in situations in which other
people's feelings have to be considered,
Delicacy in handling serious matters.
B. Ethical Considerations
• Definition of ethics- Principles of right
or good conduct.
Ethical behavior- in the workplace
ensures good care and good working
relationships.
• Professional ethics- Professional ethics
are a set of guidelines that any and
every healthcare worker should obey.
“We don’t date patients”
Eating a patients fruit without
permission is?
• An ethical violation
If you clock in a coworker it is?
• DISHONEST
Ethics continued….
• Patient Confidentiality- Not to be shared or told; only
shared with people involved with care of the patient.
• Invasion of privacy- revealing personal information
about an individual without consent.
• Negligence-failure to give care that is normally
expected, resulting in injury.
• Honesty-faithful truthfulness
• Dependability-reliable
• If patients ask for any drug that the
physician has not ordered, you should say,
“No. I won’t do that.” Report it to the
physician.
Where to report unethical issues?
• In a hospital or any job, all employees
should follow the chain of command.
• The director of nursing, should be
consulted, if there is an unethical issue
involving a nurse.
• If a supervisor wants to report a nurse she
report it to the “The Board of Nursing”
• A supervisor should be consulted, if the
employee is not a professional.
Legal Terminology
INVASION OF PRIVACY
• Unauthorized release of personal and
medical information.
• Unlawful release of personal information
protected by law.
• Subjecting patient to personal physical
exposure of their body.
Legal Terminology
• PRIVILEGED COMMUNICATIONS: The
communication between parties in a
confidential relation that is protected by
statute. Cannot be forced, except under
unusual circumstances, to disclose such
information
Legal Terminology
SLANDER
– Untruthful or false verbal statement
– Victim must have loss caused by false
verbal statement
“Lies with a loss”
Medical Math
Basic Formula: Frequently used
to calculate drug dosages.
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D (Desired dose)
H (Dose on hand)
V (Vehicle-tablet or liquid)
D
H x V = Amount to Give D = dose ordered or desired dose
H = dose on container label or dose on hand
V = form & amount in which drug comes (tablet, capsule,
liquid)
Example: Order-Dilantin 50 mg p.o. TID
Drug available-Dilantin 125 mg/5ml
D = 50 mg H = 125 mg V = 5 ml
50
250
125 x 5 = 125 = 2 ml
Weight
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Weight Conversion
1 gram (g) = 1000 milligrams (mg)
1 kilogram (Kg) = 1000 grams (g)
1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds (lbs)
1 pound (lb) = 16 ounces (oz)
lbs to kg = lbs · 2.2
Kg to lbs = kg x 2.2
• Infant weighs 19kg so what is his weight in
lbs?
• 41.8 lbs.
Tibet
• The world's largest baby
was born in 1879 and
weighed 23 pounds.
The 23 pound baby died
11 hours after he was
born.
• Luckily, the mother of the
19 pound baby in
Indonesia was able to
have her son delivered
via C-section. Although
C-sections were available
in 1879 many mothers did
not survive the process,
according to the National
Library of Medicine.
China largest baby delivered
6.5 kilo
• What is that in lbs?
• 14.3 lbs
Volume for Fluids
• 1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters mL/cc = 1 quart
(qt)
• 1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cubic centimeter (cc)
• 1 teaspoon (t or tsp) = 5 milliliters (mL)
• 1 ounce (oz) = 30 milliliters (mL)
• 1 pint (pt.) = 500 ML/cc
Temperature
• Celsius to Fahrenheit (C x 1.8) + 32 = F
• Fahrenheit to Celsius (F – 32) / 1.8 = C
Length
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1 meter (m) = 100 centimeters (cm)
1 meter (m) = 1000 millimeters (mm)
10 millimeters (mm) = 1 centimeter (cm)
1 inch (“ or in) = 2.5 centimeters (cm)
39.4 inches (“ or in) = 1 meter (m)
Volume for Fluids
• 1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (mL) = 1 quart
(qt)
• 1 pint (pt) = 500 mL/ cc
• 1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cubic centimeter (cc)
• 1 teaspoon (t or tsp) = 5 milliliters mL/cc
• 1 ounce (oz) = 30 milliliters ML/cc
If you have a syringe with 10 cc in it &
you use 0.5 cc, how much is left?