Transcript Sociology: Chapter 10 Sec 1

Sociology: Chapter 10 Sec 1
“Racial and Ethnic Relations”
“Race, Ethnicity, and the Social
Structure”
Standards for Ch 10: 2.4, 2.7, 3.3,
3.4, 4.1-4.4, 4.10, 4.11-4.13, 5.3, 5.5,
6.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.5, 7.6
Race
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Race: Grouping of Human Beings by
1. Skin Color
2. Hair Texture
3. Body Structure
Three basic racial groups
1. Caucasoid: White; Fair Skin; Straight/Wavy
Hair
 2. Mongoloid: Oriental; Yellowish/Brownish Skin;
Distinct Folds on the Eyelids
 3. Negroids: Dark Skin; Tightly Curled Hair
Characteristic Problems
 Southern India: White features; Dark Skin;
Straight Hair
 AINU: Japan; White Skin; Oriental Features
Black Like Me: Possible Book for Review
Race From a Social Perspective
-Race: Category of people who share inherited
physical characteristics and are perceived as being
a “distinct” group by others
* Sociologists are not as concerned w/ the
differences as they are HOW people REACT to
these differences
Ethnicity and Ethnic Groups
 Ethnicity: Set of Social Characteristics that
distinguish one group from another
 Ethnic Group: Share a common cultural
background and sense of identity
 -Beliefs and practices often passed from one
generation to another
 *Not ENTIRELY physical
 *Ex: Jewish people base their ethnicity on
religion
Characteristics of Minority Groups
 Minority Group: Category of people who share
physical characteristics or cultural practices that
result in the group being denied equal treatment…
(See p. 234)- Watch: The Great Divide
 Characteristics of Minority Groups
 1. Possess Obvious Physical/Cultural
Characteristics that are different than the
dominant group
 2. Are victims of unequal treatment
 3. Membership is Ascribed
 4. Group members share a bond and sense of
loyalty
 5. Members practice Endogamy: Marriage w/in
group
Sociology: Chapter 10 Sec 2
“Patterns of Intergroup Relations”
Standards:”
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Discrimination and Prejudice
 1. Discrimination: Denial of equal treatment based
on group membership
 2. Prejudice: Unsupported generalization about a
category of people: “Pre-Judge”
 Types of Discrimination
 1. Legal Discrimination: Discrimination upheld by
law (Jim Crow)
 2. Institutionalized Discrimination: An outgrowth
of the structure of society; 1882-1970: 1,170
African-Americans lynched; Crime; Trying to vote
 *Even after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed,
blacks were still denied equal opportunities in many
Two “Precedent” Court Cases
 Plessy v Ferguson: 1896; “Separate but Equal is
Constitutional”
 *This case made racial segregation LEGAL
 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas:
1954; “Plessy v. Ferguson is UN-constitutional
because it is impossible to keep the races ‘separate
but equal’ because of the unequal distribution of
the means of production”
 *After this case, schools systems started “busing”
students to other high schools to integrate the
American school system
 Watch: Remember the Titans
Self- Fulfilling Prophecy
 Prejudice: W.I. Thomas
 Stereotype: Oversimplified, exaggerated, or
unfavorable generalization about a group
 -”If people define situations as real, they are real
in their consequences.”
 -Ex: If I am interviewing candidates for a job
opening and I believe the “stereotype” that “Black
people are lazy,” is it likely that I will hire a black
candidate?
 Robert K. Merton
 Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
 A prediction that results in behavior that makes the
prediction true. “You are bad”
Racism and Patterns of Prejudice
 Racism: Belief that one’s own race or ethnic group
is superior to others
 Merton’s Patterns of Discrimination and
Prejudice: See chart; P. 240
 1. Active Bigot: Someone who is prejudice and
openly discriminates
 2. Timid Bigot: Is prejudiced but is afraid to
discriminate because of societal pressure
 3. Fair-Weather Liberal: Not Prejudiced;
discriminates because of societal pressures
 4. All-Weather Liberal: Not prejudice; does not
discriminate
Sources of Discrimination and
Prejudice
 1. Stereotyping: Oversimplified exaggerated
generalization about a particular group
 -Often times, this becomes a NORM in some
societies and racism becomes “Socialized” into an
individual
 2. Scapegoating: Place blame of one’s own
troubles on an innocent person or group
 -Jewish people in pre-WWII Germany
 -Mexican-Americans being blamed for “taking”
American jobs
 3. Differences in the distribution of power also
influences discrimination. Read P. 241
Patterns of Minority Group Treatment
 1. Assimilation: Blending of culturally distinct
groups into a group w/ common culture (MexicanAmerican can’t speak Spanish well)
 2. Cultural Pluralism: Let cultures keep heritage
(Little Italy in Chicago; Little Havana in Miami)
 3. Legal Protection: Civil Rights Act of 1964
 -Affirmative Action
 4. Population Transfer: Transfer Minorities to a
new area: Ex: Indian removal; 1930’s
Minority Group Treatment
 5. Subjugation: Rule by force
 -Segregation: Physical separation
 -De Jure: Based on laws
 -De Facto: Informal Norms
 6. Extermination:
 -Genocide: Destroy an entire population
 -Holocaust