Transcript Slide 1
It’s the final countdown… 9 teaching weeks until the Unit 1 exam… Revision Topic Week 1 • Social Inequality mock exam • Studying Society (Social structures, processes & issues) Week 2 • Studying Society (Research methods, ethical issues) Week 3 • Education Week 4 • Family Week 5 • Crime & Deviance EASTER Week 6 • Mass Media Week 7 • Power Week 8 • Social Inequality • Revise all topics / exam practice Week 9 • Revise all topics / exam practice UNIT 1 Exam (prov. 17th May) UNIT 2 Exam (prov 22nd May) Unit 1: Studying Society Key concepts revised today Difference between sociological, biological, psychological & journalistic approaches to studying society Social structures (family, education & stratification systems) Social processes (socialisation, social control, social change) Social issues (Inequality, power & authority) Starter: Match up! Psychology The study of living organism such as plants and animals Biology The study of society Journalism The science of mind Sociology Reporting for newspapers, TV etc So how would a Psychologist, Biologist, Sociologist and Journalist approach the topic of crime differently? Psychology Journalism Research is less thorough and reporting may be biased or one-sided Focus on individual behaviour. Sociologists may research into the same social issues but sociologists select evidence and use it in a balanced way. Sociologists study the influences on human life. They focus on groups rather than individual behaviour. e Exam question: Describe how the sociologists and psychologists would view causes of crime differently. Sociologists view behaviour as social or cultural rather than biological. Biology Look for biological causes or characteristics when studying human behaviour Match up the keyword heads & tails – copy & complete Heads Tails • • • • • Social structures… Social processes… Social issues… Social stratification… • • • Ext: Turn these into 4 mark answers Issues and problems that affect individuals. Groups and communities in their daily lives such as fear of crime, inequality and poverty. The way society is structured or divided into hierarchical strata or layers with the most privileged at the top and the least privileged at the bottom The groups and institutions that make up society such as families, the education system and the social stratification system Processes such as socialisation, social control and social change Social Structure: The groups and institutions that make up society •Social stratification •Social class •Families •Education • Work Social Issue: problems in society •Poverty •Fear of crime •Moral panic •Media amplification Social Process: processes that shape society Socialisation •Primary socialisation •Secondary socialisation •Social control •Informal control •Formal control Name that keyword! 1) The V, that we all share according to our culture. We all follow them and they shape our behaviour. 2) The N, that shape our behaviour, these are based on our values according to our culture. 3) What S, is the way we teach our children how to fit into our society and culture. 4) What G, shows whether you are masculine or feminine? 5) What A, goes in front of the words socialisation to describe something like family and the media – what are these? 6) There are two types of agents of socialisation - P and S. What social rules do we all follow? Laws Values Correct behaviour Morals Norms Laws- these are written down, if we break them, we are punished in some way. They are written by government or those in power. Norms- these refer to ‘normal’ behaviour, the way we are expected to act on a day to day basis. Norms can vary from place to place. Morals- are our sense of right and wrong. If we break the moral code people would be angry. Values- are a sense of what is important. They are even stronger than norms and morals. They are important underlying ideas that control how we act . Culture Culture is...... A shared way of life. A set of shared rules that everyone understands without being told what to do. A set of expected behaviours. How are we controlled in society? Formal • Criminal justice system • Police • Prison service • Education system Informal • Family • Friends • Work • Media • School We gain positive sanctions when we do follow the rules and negative ones when we don’t. How are we socialised? Family Education Peer group Religion Mass media Work Sociological perspectives Sociologists Feminist Marxist Functionalist Apply the following to a sociological approach • Laws are made by men to suit men. • Everyone in society accepts their place; as everything has a function. • The rich protect each other in order to stay rich and keep the poor dependent on them. Remember that Studying Society is the only topic with a different question structure- these are all 4 mark questions • Describe how the psychological approach to studying people differs from the sociological approach. • Explain what sociologists mean by peer group pressure. • Explain one way in which the findings from sociological research might help governments to develop policies to reduce racial discrimination in Britain. • Describe the difference between sociological and journalistic approaches to gathering information about social issues. • Explain what sociologists mean by age discrimination. • Explain one way in which the findings from sociological research might help governments to develop policies to reduce antisocial behaviour in Britain. • Describe how sociologists investigate families and their lives compared with how journalists might investigate families and their lives. • Explain what sociologists mean by joint domestic roles. • Explain how the use of primary research might be useful for research into role conflict experienced by working women. • Describe how sociologists may approach a study of truancy and explain how this might differ from the approach of psychologists. • Explain what sociologists mean by social deprivation. • Explain one way in which sociological research might help educational authorities to design policies to reduce truancy in Britain.