Transcript powerepoint 4 arthropod - Raleigh Charter High School

Comparisons:Mollusca
• SQUID vs. Octopus
– Squid: schools, fins, good simmers, two extra
tentacles
– Octopus: solitary, bottom dwellers, 8 legs,
jumpers
Phylum
ARTHROPODA
Bilateral Symmetry
Major Classes
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Arachnida: spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites
Diplopoda: millipedes
Chilopoda: centipedes
Insecta: insects
Crustacea: crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp,
barnacles
Orders of Insects
(a chosen few; there are many more)
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Hymenoptera
Lepidoptera
Diptera
Coleoptera
Odonata
Orthoptera
Siphonopter
Common Features of Arthropods
• Exoskeleton(external skeleton) is made of layers of protein and
chitin, provides attachments for muscles, and is impermeable to
water.
• Molting: shedding of cuticle in order to secrete a larger one. Makes
the arthropod vulnerable.
• Open circulatory system: hemolymph fluid flows through open
spaces (sinuses) which surround organs and tissues. Important for
nutrient transport.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXhdr0TpOwY molting spider
Common Features of Arthropods (cont.)
• Malpighian tubules: excretory organs that
remove waste from hemolymph in the circulatory
system
• Tracheal system: branched tubes with chitin
lining that carry O2 directly to cells (insects only)
• Spiracles: openings in exoskeleton that allow air
to enter tracheal system (insects only)
Two body plans
• Head, thorax,
abdomen
• Cephalothorax,
abdomen
Mandibles: and lots of mouth
parts
Unique Arthropod Features
• Book lung: respiratory organ of most spiders that
contains stacked plates in an internal chamber that
exchanges gases (mostly O2 and CO2) with a spider’s
body and the air
• Chelicerae: claw-like feeding appendages contained by
chelicerates (arachnids)
• Mandibles: jaw-like feeding apparatuses contained by
unimarians (centipedes, millipedes, insects) and
crustaceans
http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=JRbgsCLa
AQY camel spider
eating a frog
Camel Spider
(class Arachnida; order Solifugae)
It does not spin webs or have
book lungs. Many rumors
about the camel spiders’
speed, size and venom. In the
middle east, it was said that
these big, fast spiders would
come into your tent at night
and inject an anaesthetizing
venom that would put its
victims to sleep and feed on
victim leaving a gaping
wound. This is false, except
that they do leave a large bite
prone to infection.
Spider Feeding
Spiders use a fang like chelicerae equipped
with poison glands to kill prey caught in
web. Instead of fully chewing their prey, the
spider will spill digestive juices onto prey.
This softens the food and the spider will
suck up the liquid.
Unique Arthropod Features (cont.)
• Antennae: sensory organs that come in
pairs on the organism’s head
• Compound eyes: eyes with many parts and
multiple separate focusing elements
Life Cycle
Metamorphosis: a relatively abrupt change
in form or structure
Incomplete Metamorphosis
Young are similar to adults, but have
different body proportions and are smaller.
There are a series of molts that eventually
lead to the organism reaching full size.
Complete Metamorphosis
There are several distinct stages:
Larval stage specialized for
eating and growing
Pupal Stage actual change
occurs
Adult stage specialized for
reproduction
Centipede vs. millipede
• Centipede; fangs, venom,carnivore, fast moving
1 pair of legs per segment
• Millipede: slow, herbivore, rounder body, 2 pairs
of legs per segment
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Jo9s80Tzw&feature=PlayList&p=3260ECB787EF9616&playnext=1&index=7 giant millipede
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2f5gBFMMmGc giant cenitpede eating a
tarantula
More Arthopod
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMPhL3lJaxY monarch emerges
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QYhtMYYd9I nymph dragonfly
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lE-8QuBDkkw bee hive
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4P9azs5GS0 lobster walk
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eKPrGxB1Kzc&feature=PlayL
ist&p=9C3A52D20A8D88F0&playnext=1&index=7 pistol shrimp
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SwoHVYS12oQ&feature=PlayList&
p=9C3A52D20A8D88F0&index=8&playnext=2&playnext_from=PL
mantis shrimp