Transcript Chapter 3
Chapter 3 Section 3.1 – 3.2 Pretest Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 1) A single six-sided die is rolled. Find the probability of rolling a seven. A) 0.5 B) 0 C) 1 D) 0.1 B) 0 2) If one card is drawn from a standard deck of 52 playing cards, what is the probability of drawing an ace? A) 1/52 B) 1/13 C) ¼ D) 1/2 B) 1/13 3) If an individual is selected at random, what is the probability that he or she has a birthday in July? Ignore leap years. A) 1/365 B) 31/365 C) 364/365 D) 12/365 B) 31/365 Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 4) The distribution of blood types for 100 Americans is listed in the table. If one donor is selected at random, find the probability of selecting a person with blood type A+. Blood Type Number A) 0.68 O+ 37 O6 B) 0.34 A+ 34 A6 B+ 10 B2 C) 0.4 AB+ 4 AB1 D) 0.45 B) 0.34 5) Classify the statement as an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective probability. In California's Pick Three lottery, a person selects a 3-digit number. The probability of winning California's Pick Three lottery is 1/1000. A) subjective probability B) classical probability B) classical probability C) empirical probability Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 6) Classify the statement as an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective probability. The probability that it will rain tomorrow is 24%. A) classical probability B) empirical probability C) subjective probability C) subjective probability 7) The P(A) = 3/5. Find the odds of winning an A. A) 3:5 B) 5:2 C) 2:3 D) 3:2 D) 3:2 8) At the local racetrack, the favorite in a race has odds 3:2 of winning. What is the probability that the favorite wins the race? A) 0.2 B) 0.6 B) 0.6 C) 0.4 D) 1.5 Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 9) Classify the events as dependent or independent. Events A and B where P(A) = 0.7, P(B) = 0.8, and P(A and B) = 0.56 A) independent B) dependent B) dependent 10) Classify the events as dependent or independent. Event A: A red candy is selected from a package with 30 colored candies and eaten. Event B: A blue candy is selected from the same package and eaten. A) dependent A) dependent B) independent Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 11) A group of students were asked if they carry a credit card. The responses are listed in the table. Class Freshman Sophomore Total Credit Card Carrier 46 32 78 Not a Credit Card 14 8 22 Carrier Total 60 40 100 If a student is selected at random, find the probability that he or she is a freshman given that the student owns a credit card. Round your answers to three decimal places. A) 0.767 D) 0.590 B) 0.460 C) 0.410 D) 0.590 Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 12) A group of students were asked if they carry a credit card. The responses are listed in the table. Class Freshman Sophomore Total Credit Card Carrier 14 17 31 Not a Credit Card 46 23 69 Carrier Total 60 40 100 If a student is selected at random, find the probability that he or she is a sophomore and owns a credit card. Round your answers to three decimal places. A) 0.452 C) 0.170 B) 0.548 C) 0.170 D) 0.775 Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 13) You are dealt two cards successively without replacement from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Find the probability that the first card is a two and the second card is a ten. Round your answer to three decimal places. A) 0.994 B) 0.006 C) 0.500 D) 0.250 4 4 16 0.006 52 51 2652 B) 0.006 14) Find the probability that of 25 randomly selected students, no two share the same birthday. A) 0.431 B) 0.068 C) 0.569 D) 0.995 A) 0.431 365 364 363 362 341 ... 0.431 P(different birthdays for all 25 students) 365 365 365 365 365 Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 15) Use Bayes' theorem to solve this problem. A storeowner purchases stereos from two companies. From Company A, 250 stereos are purchased and 1% are found to be defective. From Company B, 950 stereos are purchased and 10% are found to be defective. Given that a stereo is defective, find the probability that it came from Company A. A) 1/39 B) 10/39 C) 38/39 A) 1/39 P( A \ B) 250 250 1 ; P( B \ A) 250 950 1200 100 950 950 10 P( A ') ; P( B \ A ') 250 950 1200 100 P( A) 250 1 250 1 1200 100 P( A \ B) 250 1 950 10 9750 39 1200 100 1200 100 D) 19/195 P( A) P(B\ A) P( A) P( B \ A) P(A') P(B\ A') Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 16) Use the following graph, which shows the types of incidents encountered with drivers using cell phones, to find the probability that a randomly chosen incident involves cutting off a car. Round your answer to three decimal places. 0.163 Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 17) Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: recording the number of days it snowed in Cleveland in the month of January. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … 31 18) Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: determining the children's gender for a family of three children (Use B for boy and G for girl.) (BBB), (BBG), (BGB), (GBB), (BGG), (GBG), (GGB), (GGG) 19) Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: recording the day of the week and whether or not it rains. MR, TUR, WEDR, THR, FRR, SATR, SUNR, MN, TUN, WEDN, THN, FRN, SATN, SUNN Section 3.1-3.2 Pretest 20) Find the probability of selecting two consecutive threes when two cards are drawn without replacement from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Round your answer to four decimal places. P(2-threes) = (4/52)(3/51)= 0.0045 21) A multiple-choice test has five questions, each with five choices for the answer. Only one of the choices is correct. You randomly guess the answer to each question. What is the probability that you answer at least one of the questions correctly? P(at least one correct) = 1 – P(all five answers incorrect) = 1 – (4/5)(4/5)(4/5)(4/5)(4/5) = 1 – 0.32768 = 0.67232