Transcript Certificate III / IV in Fitness

Certificate III / IV in Fitness
Session 1
Getting ready for a career as a Personal
Trainer and Motivational Psychology
Session 1
Todays session will cover the
following topics
• Transitioning from Certificate III
to Certificate IV
– Professional transition
– Industry placement
– Employment opportunities
– Motivational psychology
• How to keep your clients
coming back to you
• Getting yourself over the line
– Anatomy and Physiology for
the Personal Trainer
• Home work task
• Question time
Transitioning from Certificate III to
Certificate IV
• We are going to cover the following topics:
– Professional transition
– Industry placement
– Employment opportunities
• Ask David and Scott what gyms look for in a future
employee? We can tell you exactly what they do/don’t
look for!
Professional transition
– What you knew as amateur gym goer, now needs to go out the
window!
– Its time to practise what you preach!
– Image is everything, gym managers and owners don’t care
about what you think you know, but how you can assist their
members in the best possible way
– Form, technique and coaching
Professional transition
– Its time to make it about your client and not you.
– Knowing how to converse, represent and act on behalf of
another business, are critical skills that we need to start working
on.
– Be someone that employers will fight over, rather than Gossip
about. There is no such thing as good gossip
Industry placement
• Industry placement should be treated like a job re-rehearsal
• Make networks
• Get to know members, make employers wish you were always
there!
• Use you initiative, and never sit around idly!
Employment opportunities
• Most jobs in this industry lead from a strong placement
• Or from word of mouth
• Ensure you give your work placement the best opportunity for
them to get to know the “real” you
Employment opportunities
• Start thinking about a career as a Personal Trainer!
• Its one thing to complete the course, but you don’t actually become
a personal trainer until you start working as one!
– Employed as a personal trainer
– Running your own business as a Personal Trainer
Employment opportunities
– Running your own business as a Personal Trainer, where do you start?
– Its one of our major assessments for the Certificate IV program
• This is one of the major opportunities that exist once you complete this course
• Setting up a business that can work for you
• Capturing your own clients, and training them for $$$
– This isn't easy, as nothing is, think about how you can make money
from this industry
Employment opportunities
– Task 1
– What are the opportunities that exist for you locally, once you become
a Personal Trainer?
• Have a chat amongst the group
– What are some of the opportunities that we discussed during the
Certificate III program
• Who can remember what we mentioned
Employment opportunities
– Who has put all of their eggs in one basket, and wants to work in one
facility?
– The aim in the certificate IV program, is to begin networking and
identifying how you can complement many businesses, through many
roles.
Employment opportunities
– Homework task
– To identify 5 roles that you can pursue within the local industry once
you have completed the program
Motivational psychology
Understanding how we can ensure our clients keep
coming back
 exercise behaviour change
 strategies to improve client exercise adherence
 motivational techniques for training clients
Exercise behaviour change
– Knowledge of theories and techniques of motivational
psychology are important to fitness professionals
– Intrinsic factors associated with client motivation may include;
• Drive
• Instinct
• Arousal
• Achievement
• Self fulfilment
Exercise behaviour change
– Extrinsic factors associated with client motivation may include;
• Goals
• Power
• Friendship
Exercise behaviour change
– In order to better understand current behaviour you should
question clients with respect to;
• Expectations
• Coping techniques
• Defence mechanisms
• Belief systems and values
• Stage of readiness for change
Barriers to participation
– Potential barriers for client participation;
• Lack of transport and support
• Lack of time and energy
• Lack of motivation and enjoyment
• Concern over skill
• Concern over potential injury and safety
• Feeling uncomfortable
Behaviour change models
– Fitness trainers need to understand models to
modify client behaviours. These include;
– Health belief model
• Attempts to explain and predict health behaviours
• People will take action to prevent harm if they;
– Feel that they can avoid negative consequence
– Feel that the action will result in a positive outcome
– Believe that they have the ability to take action
Determinants of exercise
adherence
– Fitness trainers have control over some physical factors which aid in
adherence:
• Proximity to work/home: within 5 or 10 minutes aids likelihood
• Cleanliness: cleaner centres aid likelihood
• Music: if appropriate to the client, aids likelihood
• Lighting and ventilation: open and better airflow aids likelihood
• Maintenance: better maintained equipment aids likelihood
• Staff presentation: positive and upbeat aids likelihood
Exercise adherence strategies
– Some strategies to use for maximise adherence to exercise programs
• Contracting: create a contract between client and trainer helps
demonstrate client commitment
• Perceived choice: allow the client to have a role in design helps
increase compliance
• Reinforcement and reward: reward until new behaviour is reinforced
Exercise adherence strategies
• Feedback: increases client motivation
• Decision balance sheet: client list cost/risk/cons and pros/benefits of
a decision
• Exercise variety: alleviate boredom to reduce dropout
• Minimise discomfort and injury: ensure that significant discomfort is
avoided
Exercise adherence strategies
• Group training: balance the abilities of the group to ensure
motivation is maintained
• Prompts: to identify when clients get distracted from their goals
• Enjoyment: the more enjoyment the more adherence
• Progress charts: a visual representation of progress
Exercise adherence strategies
• Goal setting: use SMART formula for effective goal
setting
– Specific: a specific goals helps focus. “I want to lose 5kg of body fat”
– Measurable: allows you to monitor progress. “I will be able to bench
press 70kg”
– Achievable: a possible goal is vital. What steps must be taken?
– Realistic: is it possible to achieve the goal? What is possible for one
client may not be possible for all.
– Time frame: a specific goal needs a deadline, taking into account the
other factors.
Arousal and motivation
Arousal theories

Consist of emotional, intellectual and physical properties

Suggest that individuals can maintain a comfortable level of
arousal

Drive theory
•
High arousal = high performance, Low arousal = low performance
Arousal and motivation
– Inverted U theory
• At both high and low
levels of arousal the
performance will be low
• Highest performance is at
the optimal level of
arousal
Arousal and motivation

Reversal theory
•
The subjective experience of the individual is the most important concept
•
Different arousal preferences suggest different motivational focus;

Low arousal = motivated by goals

High arousal = motivated by the present
 Individual zones of optimal functioning theory
•
Each client has an optimal level of pre-performance anxiety which leads to
peak performance. Poor performance will occur outside these levels
Arousal and motivation

Multidimensional anxiety model
•
Expands of reversal theory with inclusion both cognitive and physiological
factors
•
The more mental anxiety = the lower performance
•
When physiological stress is added the performance becomes an inverted U
 Catastrophe model
•
Looks at physiological arousal and cognitive anxiety without taking into account
clients self-confidence
Arousal and motivation techniques
Arousal control techniques

It is important for a fitness professional to be able to aid a client in
managing arousal via:
•
Self-task: what we say to ourselves to control arousal
•
Imagery: creating a mental picture of an achieved goal
•
Progressive relaxation: control arousal through progressive muscular relaxation
•
Time management: reduce anxiety by being more in control of your time
•
Personal time-out: reduce anxiety by taking time for yourself
Communication with clients
Verbal communication

Vital to the rapport you develop with your client, can be modified
to change the context of a message:
•
Inflection: variation of a word for different categories of grammar
•
Emphasis: on a word or sentence
•
Fluency: effort or expression of words
•
Tone: vocal sound changes to convey different messages
•
Tempo: speed
•
Resonance: richness or significance of words
Communication with clients
Non-verbal communication

Used to convey feeling, relatively consistent across cultures:
•
Facial expression: happy, sad, surprise, fear, anger and disgust
•
Eye movement and contact: maintaining eye contact shows interest
•
Posture: leaning towards a client with uncrossed arms shows interest
•
Non-verbal vocalisation: sighs, groans and grunts
•
Hand and head gesture: direction and non-verbal response
•
Sign language: to communicate with hearing challenge clients
•
Touching: but gain consent first!
Communication with clients
Communication barriers

Often lead to misinterpretation, confusion and instructional
difficulty:
•
Language: slow down talking and use visual cues
•
Status of sender and receiver: such as manager and worker. Constructive
criticism can be received as a personal attack through misinterpretation. Check
the message
•
Use of jargon: interferes with effective communication. Explain using language
the receiver will understand
•
Selective reporting: provide all the necessary information
Communication with clients
Communication barriers

Often lead to misinterpretation, confusion and instructional
difficulty:
•
Poor timing: time the message correctly
•
Conflict: between sender and receiver, have a third party present if needed
•
Listener barriers: such as language, comprehension, hearing difficulty. Be clear
and concise, write down message if you have to
•
Physical distraction: communicate where there are no distraction to the
sending and receiving of the message
Communication with clients
•Attending skills
Often called active listening. Vital to gain all information from
your client. Show you are listening by:
•
Inviting the communication
•
During the communication prompt with comments:
–
You did this?
–
That is interesting.
–
So what you are saying is ….
–
Mmmmm, Uh-huh
Communication with clients

Give your full attention, but do not:
•
Tell the client what to do or judge their behaviour
•
Threaten or preach
•
Lecture or argue
•
Agree or disagree with the client
•
Interpret or analyse
•
Diagnose
•
Change the topic
Communication with clients
•Basic counselling
Note – you are NOT a counsellor, but you can help your client
by:
• Active listening
• Use of positive verbal and non-verbal communication
• Ask questions on lives and goals
• Paraphrase and summarise to show interest and understanding
• Take notes to ensure accuracy
Anatomy and Physiology for the Personal Trainer
• Please find the attachment that needs to be
completed for home work.
• As a personal trainer, we need to be able to recall
all areas highlighted within the hand out.