Transcript Communication Skills

Child Care &
Development
What is Childcare?
Does this count?!?
Do you ever babysit?
If you answered yes to any of these
questions… YOU are a caregiver!
What is a Caregiver?
• A person who meets the many
NEEDS of children
• They help prevent HARM or
INJURY
• They help provide an
environment that fosters
GROWTH (mentally, physically
and socially)
Responsibilities of Caregivers
1.
Provide a Safe Environment
a.
b.
c.
d.
Keep children free from physical
and emotional harm
Keep unsafe objects locked up
or out of reach
Correct any potential dangers
around the house (BabyProofing)
Take Safety Precautions
2. Provide Basic Needs
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Nutritious Food and Water
Shelter
Appropriate Clothing
Warm Bed
Medical Care as Needed
Space
3. Provide Self-Esteem Needs
Will this work?...
VIDEO CLIP
Probably Not! So…
3. Provide Self-Esteem Needs
a.
b.
c.
d.
Accept the child’s uniqueness
and respect their
individuality
Encourage and motivate
them in everything they do
Notice and praise the child’s
achievements
Set expectations that are
realistic and age-appropriate
4. Teach Morals and Values
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Honesty
Respect
Responsibility
Compassion
Patience
Sharing
Forgiveness
Generosity
5. Develop Mutual Respect
a.
b.
c.
Use respectful language
Listen to them
Respect their feelings,
opinions, privacy and
individuality
6. Provide Appropriate Discipline
a.
b.
c.
Discipline is NOT punishment!
The purpose of discipline is to teach
Discipline is:
•
•
•
•
Structured
Consistent
Predictable
Fair
7. Provide and Encourage Education
a.
b.
c.
Education doesn’t just happen in school!
Encourage lifelong learning
Foster learning opportunities through discovery and
exploration
8. KNOW THEM!
a.
b.
c.
Spend quality time together
Ask questions
Communicate……
communicate….. communicate!
Caregivers are NOT Responsible for…
1. Providing designer clothes and shoes
2. Picking up after or cleaning for the child
3. Providing cell phones, TV, games , computers
or entertainment
4. Maintaining an unlimited supply of treats
chips, sodas, etc.
Get the picture?
Your Caregivers
Take a minute and think about YOUR parents and
caregivers:
How have they met your needs?
What have they sacrificed for you?
Have they provided any “extras” for you?
If they were here, what would you say to them?
Will this affect how you act in the future?
Child Development
•
•
•
•
Before you can become a successful caregiver, you
must know a thing or two about Child
Development.
Child Development: how a child becomes able to
do more complex things as they age.
Development is measured through specific
milestones.
Milestones are a set of skills or tasks that most
children can do at a certain age. Remember,
though, that every child is unique!
Milestones
•
These developmental milestones are broken
into 4 categories:
1. Physical Development
2. Cognitive/Thinking Skills
3. Social & Emotional
Development
4. Communication Skills
Let’s Start at the
Beginning…
Pre Natal Development
PRE = Before
NATAL = Birth
Pre-natal development happens
the baby is born.
fast!
After 9 Months, the baby is born.
BEFORE
It is extremely
Birth to 3 Months
Physical Development:
Raise head slightly, hold
hand in fist, use reflexes,
fascinated with hands
Cognitive/Thinking Skills:
Focus on and follow
moving objectsincluding faces, Can see
up to 13” away
Birth to 3 Months
Social & Emotional Development:
Sucks their own fingers, discovers
arms and legs, begins to smile at
familiar caregivers
Communication Skills:
Communicates needs with
body movements, crying,
babbling and laughing,
Responds differently to the
voice of caregivers than to
other adults
3 to 6 Months
Physical Development:
Rolls over, reaches for and
touches objects, puts objects in
mouth, discovers everything for
the first time
Cognitive/Thinking Skills:
Recognizes faces, imitates
facial expressions of others,
responds to familiar
sounds
3 to 6 Months
Social & Emotional Development:
Plays “Peek-A-Boo”, begins to
smile and laugh more
Communication Skills:
Listens to conversations,
repeats some vowels and
other sounds
6 to 9 Months
Physical Development:
Begins to crawl, pulls
things toward self,
transfers objects between
hands
Cognitive/Thinking Skills:
Stares at people and objects,
depth perception begins to
develop, begins to tell the
difference between objects
that do or do not move
6 to 9 Months
Social & Emotional Development:
Expresses several new emotions,
distinguishes between friends and
strangers, shows unhappiness at the
loss of a toy
Communication Skills:
Begins repetitive babbling,
associates gestures with
phrases like “hi” and “byebye”, uses vocal sounds to
express interest
9 Months to 1 Year
Physical Development:
Can sit, stand or walk without
support, throws objects, uses
more fine motor skills to pick
things up
Cognitive/Thinking Skills:
Develops object permanence,
imitates gestures and actions,
enjoys looking at picture
books, responds to simple
directions or questions
9 Months to 1 Year
Social & Emotional Development:
Begins to feed themselves,
mimics simple actions, begins to
show separation anxiety
Communication Skills:
Understands the names of
familiar people and objects,
responds to “no” from
caregivers, says a few simple
words
1 to 2 Years
Physical Development:
Can walk backwards, picks up
toys from standing position,
pushes and pulls objects, can
turn knobs, holds crayons with
fist
Cognitive/Thinking Skills:
Imitates adults’ actions and
language, begins to match
similar objects,
distinguishes between “you”
and “me”
1 to 2 Years
Social & Emotional Development:
Recognizes themselves in the mirror,
shows pride in new accomplishments,
begins to be helpful by following simple
instructions
Communication Skills:
Understands many words
and directions, uses “me”,
“mine”, and “my” a lot,
learns about 9 new words a
day
2 to 3 Years
Physical Development:
Can jump in place, run forward, walk
on tip-toes, turns pages one-by-one,
can draw a circle, holds crayons with
thumb and fingers
Cognitive/Thinking Skills:
Responds to simple directions, can
identify themselves and others by
name, observes and imitates more
complex adult actions (ex: playing
house)
2 to 3 Years
Social & Emotional Development:
“Terrible Two’s”, begins to say “no” a lot, begins
to be more independent, displays more
aggressive feelings and behaviors, expresses
toilet training needs
Communication Skills:
Points to objects when they’re
named, responds to “what”
and “where”, enjoys listening
to stories, recounts the events
of the day
3 to 4 Years
Physical Development:
Can walk in a straight line, run
around obstacles, ride a
tricycle, throw and catch a ball,
balance on one foot
Cognitive/Thinking Skills:
Matches and organizes
objects, can remember past
and present, stays entertained
with an activity for longer
periods of time
3 to 4 Years
Social & Emotional Development:
Can f0llow simple directions, begins to
share toys, begins playing more with other
children, begins dramatic playing (ex:
pretending to be animals, dress-up)
Communication Skills:
Uses and understands
simple sentences, using
more complex grammar,
sings songs or nursery
rhymes
4 to 5 Years
Physical Development:
Can jump forwards without falling,
jump on one foot, walk up and down
stairs alone, use safety scissors, print a
few capital letters
Cognitive/Thinking Skills:
Can name colors, plays with
words, mimics and creates
sounds, makes rhymes,
counts to 5
4 to 5 Years
Social & Emotional Development:
Develops longer lasting friendships,
begins recognizing others feelings,
enjoys imaginative play with others
Communication Skills:
Retells stories but may confuse
facts, understands sequences of
events when clearly explained,
listens and tells long stories