Transcript Baumrind`s Parenting Styles

Baumrind’s Parenting Styles
Powerpoint by
Anna Jones and Jamie Rogers
Introduction to Parenting Styles
 During the 1960’s psychologist Diana Baumrind identified four important
dimensions of parenting after conducting a study on over 100 pre-school
children using parental interviews and naturalistic observations.
 These four aspects that led to her classifications of parenting styles are:
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Disciplinary strategies
Warmth and Nurturance
Communication Styles
Expectations of Maturity and Control
 Based on these dimensions, Baumrind decided that parents show one of
the four types of parenting styles with their children:
- Authoritarian
- Authoritative
- Indulgent
- Neglectful
Authoritarian Parenting
Style: Restrictive,
controlling, demanding
Punishment: Frequent
spanking, shows anger
Communication:
Result: Children of
Little verbal exchange or
sayings such as, “you do it my
way or else”. Enforces rules but
does not explain them.
Authoritarian parents are often
anxious, unhappy and fearful.
They do not initiate in
activities with others and have
weak communication skills.
Examples of
Authoritarian Parenting
Authoritarian parents are unreasonable in their demands
and utilize harsh punishments for wrong doings that could
be corrected through examples or positive reinforcement.
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Authoritative Parenting
Style: Encouraging, Punishment:
warm, nurturing,
explains
constructive
consequences and
reasoning behind
them.
Communication:
give-and-take,
positive feedback,
praise, open-ended
Results: children of
authoritative parents are
often cheerful and outgoing,
achievement oriented and
strive to meet their goals.
They cope well with stress
and have good relationships
with peers.
Examples of
Authoritative Parenting
-Authoritative parents use equality
to explain their demands and
the reasons behind them.
-They get “on their level” to speak to
their children about following rules.
-They use positive reinforcement
and praise often.
- Children who are raise by authoritative
parents are more willing to go to them
for help and comforting.
-They feel a better sense of trust
and belonging.
-These children are cooperative and
understand why we need rules and
consequences.
Neglectful Parenting
Style: Uninvolved
Punishment: Few cases of
punishment due to uninvolvement
Communication:
Result: Children of
Little communication which
leads to the child’s sense that
parents’ other aspects or life
are much more important.
Authoritarian parents are often
socially incompetent, lack of
self-control, low self-esteem,
immature, and are not
successful with independence
Examples of Neglectful
Parenting
A neglectful parent always
puts his/her needs and wants
as first priority. Usually
experiencing financial,
emotional and social stress,
neglectful parents are unable
to encourage, teach or enable
their children.
Involvement in addictive
behaviors and lack of
support or friendship can
oftentimes leave children of
neglectful parents with
loneliness, fear and anxiety.
Indulgent/Permissive Parenting
Style: Highly involved
Punishment: Allow
with children but place few children to do as they
demands or controls on
please
them
Communication: Parent’s
believe this will foster a
creative, confident child.
Overindulge verbally and
materialistically
Result: These children will
rarely learn respect for
others and have difficulty
controlling their behavior.
Might be domineering,
egocentric, and noncompliant
Indulgent Parenting Continued…
 Responsive but undemanding
 Oftentimes create children who
are demanding and selfish rather
than loving and supportive
 Children typically possess good
self-esteem and excellent social
skills but can be less motivated in
school because they are not held
accountable for their own
behavior
 Children are often impulsive,
aggressive and lack independence
Baumrind’s Parenting Styles
Accepting, Responsive
Rejecting,
Unresponsive
Demanding, Controlling
Authoritative
Authoritarian
Undemanding, Uncontrolling
Indulgent
Neglectful
Punishment
The most successful way to increase a
desired behavior is to use positive reinforcement.
Because you're late to
work one morning, you drive
over the speed limit through
a school zone. As a result,
you get pulled over by a
police officer and
receive a ticket.
Negative
Reinforcement
is to remove a
negative stimulus
following
a response. This
is the least
successful way to
increase a desired
behavior.
When something desired is taken away
in order to decrease a certain behavior, it is
called Negative Punishment. This is the least
effective of all punishments.
Co-parenting
 Support given by each
parent when raising a
child
 Poor co-parenting can
place children at risk
 Research shows coparenting as more
beneficial than either
maternal or paternal
parenting in terms of
development
Resources
 Cherry, Kendra. (n.d.). Parenting styles. Retrieved from
http://psychology.about.com/od/developmentalpsychology/a/pa
renting-style.htm
 Dubai, Helen. (2011). Permissive parenting style. Retrieved from
http://www.consistent-parenting-advice.com/permissiveparenting-style.html
 Dubai, Helen. (2011). Uninvolved parenting style. Retrieved from
http://www.consistent-parenting-advice.com/uninvolved
parenting-style.html
 Kidsplane. (n.d.). Parenting styles. Retrieved from
http://www.kidsplane.com/parents/parenting_style/index.html
 Santrock, J. W. (2012). Essentials of Life-Span Development. (2nd
ed.) New York: NY.