Transcript Information Management & Communication 5.7 MB - AGW-Net

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND
COMMUNICATION
Making groundwater visible
Albert Tuinhof
Groundwater Development and Management
GW-MATE Specialist
Training of Trainers for AGW –NET MEMBERS
Dar es Salaam - November 16-20, 2009
CONTENTS
• Introduction (GWMATE + Grw. Mgt.)
• Inf. Mgt <> monitoring <> communication
• Information management process & tools
• Why is (groundwater) communication
important
• Key concepts
• Communication methods, materials and skills
Groundwater Management Advisory Team
A multi-discliplinary expert team `(since 2000) to
advise World Bank globally for developmnent of
capacity in groundwater resource management
and groundwater quality protection.
Dissemination of best practices elements and
provision of short courses using our materials:
• Briefing Notes (BN)
• Case Profiles (CP)
• Groundwater Quality Protection Guide
Examples:
BN 11:
Utilization of non-renewable groundwater
CP 12:
Groundwater development in SSA :
Strategic overview of key issues and
major needs
WWW.WORLDBANK.ORG/GWMATE
FREQUENTLY
ASKED QUESTIONS
GW management scenario’s: a technical, social,
economic and political decision
`Managed Development
RESOURCE SETTING
HYDROGEOLOGIC CONDITIONS




definition of manageable groundwater bodies
resource renewability, recharge rates and sw interactions
aquifer storage characteristics and economic reserves
susceptibility to irreversible aquifer/ecosystem degradation
SOCIOECONOMIC SITUATION
 analysis of groundwater use drivers (urban vs rural)
(waterwell construction costs, macro-policy interactions
such as energy subsidies and crop price guarantees)
 groundwater use and users profile
MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS AND MEASURES
POLICY ADJUSTMENTS
 zoning and source protection
 groundwater use regulation
 macro-policy interventions
 linkage with planning
QUALITY MEASURES
 prevention
 adaptation
 water treatment
 remediation
REGULATORY PROVISIONS
DEMAND-SIDE MEASURES
 substitution of uses (crops,
agronomy)
 efficiency measures/ saving
 water charging
ACTION
USER PARTICIPATION
 knowledge and awareness
 strengthening user organization
 local regulation
SUPPLY-SIDE MEASURES
 natural/ artificial recharge
 retention
 alternative sourcing
 conjunctive management
PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGEMENT MEASURES
 investment priorities and scheduling of actions
 mobilizing stakeholder engagement and essential roles of government
GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT ISSUES
Government Management Issues
Legislation and Regulation
Economic Instruments
Policy Instruments
Natural Resource Management Issues
Aquifer Characterization
Recharge
Water Quality
Environmental Services
Human Resources Management Issues
Abstraction Rights
Allocation
Stakeholder Participation
Capacity Building
Inf. Mgt. <> Monitoring <> Communication
Information Needs
Figure 8.1: Information Management Process
Steps
Information Capture
Communication
Monitoring Cycle
Information Storage
Information Processing
Information Retrieval
Information Updating
Information Security
Information Sharing &
Dissemination
Communication
INFORMATION NEEDS FOR DIFFERENT STAKEHOLDERS
Target Audience
Information outputs required
Dissemination
methods and
channels
Water Managers

Quantity and quality of groundwater available for
allocation;
List of groundwater users and permit holders
List of non-compliance by water permit users and actions
taken
List of complaints by groundwater users and actions
taken.
Shared Database
(e.g. intranet or CMS)



Civil society including the
media and NGOs

General trends in water use and quality
News features on a
website
Water Users including those
that discharge wastes into the
water



Water allocation decisions
Consumption patterns by all the users
Revenue raised from permits and how its used
Regular quarterly
status reports such as
a leaflet or newsletter
Political stakeholders such as
government officials
Summarised information on the status of the groundwater
water management and allocation
Half-yearly or annual
report
INFORMATION TYPES AND TOOLS
Information Type
Characteristics
1. Static Info
Static information does not change with time. They are typically information
used to identify an object and those relatively time-invariant characteristics of
an object, such as geology, aquifer type, aquifer properties, etc.
2. Dynamic Info
Dynamic information varies with time, e.g. abstraction data, water quality
data, water levels, and base flow, recharge rate etc.
3. Raw data
Raw data are information recorded by measuring equipment or derived from a
survey.
Processed information is information that meets a defined need and is
processed from raw data.
4. Processed Info
5. Report-type Info
Report-type information is a combination of text, figures and tables, organised
within a set of narrative text.
6. Spatial-type Info
Spatial-type information is information stored in the form of maps and is georeferenced to a map.
ICT: Google Earth, GIS, Internet, DEM, etc.
Groundwater models <> scenarios <> decision support sysrem
WHY IS IM/COMMUNICATION IMPORTANT
out of (public) sight, out of (political) mind
widely misunderstood (unlimited & uncoupled)
- resource infinite compared to abstraction
- pumping has no downstream effects
very limited
investment in grw.
management
COMMUNICATION LINES FOR GRW.INFORMATION
COMMUNICATING AN INVISIBLE RESOURCE
KEY CHALLENGE FOR GRW. COMMUNICATION
• The receiver is
often not a
groundwater
expert and has
different (often
negative)
images
GW management scenario’s: a technical, economic
and political decision
`Managed Development
COMMUNICATION: DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES
Water
on the
ground?
?
?
?
What is groundwater ?
?
?
COMMUNICATION:
Reliable
supply and
good quality
DIFFERENT INTERESTS
Regional
development
Groundwater
resources
management:
Reduce
conflicts
Full cost
recovery
Enough
water at
low cost
Equal
access for
the poor
Aquifer
recharge
& safe yield
Protect
Base flows
National Water
Policy Makers
Industry
Water
Utilities
Regional/Local
Water Managers
Groundwater
Experts
Farmers
Local NGO
Environmental
NGOS
WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM MARKETING ?
• You need a good product, but to make it a
successful product is another story
• Marketers will tell us that it is not the product
that inspires the buyer to buy but the way it is
presented to him/her U
• Branding, packaging,
• emotion, buyer profiles
“SELLING” GROUNDWATER
• Selling points of groundwater
• Showing the importance of groundwater in the
receiver’s language
• Solutions in groundwater
• Best practices
Groundwater: selling points
• Available where needed: universal access
• Naturally protected: safe and stable quality
•
•
•
•
•
•
Storage capacity: our largest reservoir
Brackish groundwater: the untapped resource
Deep groundwater: vertical resource extension
Environmental flows: wetland and river base-flow
Stable temperature: sustainable energy source
Natural treatment: pollution abatement
GROUNDWATER:
OURreservoir
LARGEST RESRVOIR
Groundwater:
our largest
41 (1000 km3/yr)
Storage (1000 km3)
Surface water
230
Groundwater
3500
8
33
30
SEA
400m
Groundwater
4500
3
3
• 30 km3/yr equals a fluctuation of 2 m/yr (porosity 0,10),
• Fluctuation of 1m on 20% of the earth’s surface: 3000 km3 of storage
GLOBAL WATER
PARTNERSHIP
Surface water <> groundwater : storage
Type of
storage
Surface
water
Ground
water
Natural/
Artificial
Installed
capacity
Annual
Recharge
Used
capacity
(km3)
(km3/yr)
(km3/yr)
Natural
(rivers & lakes)
225,000
8,000
2,000
Artificial
(Large dams)
6.000
Natural
(< 400 meters)
3,500.000
Artificial
(MAR)
3,800
300,0000
20-50
Sources: Gleick (2000) , IWMI (2000), IGRAC (2006)
3.000
20-50
GROUNDWATER: ONE OF THE RAW MATERIALS
Source: Planeterde/UNESCO (1991)
NEW DIMENSION IN PHYSICAL PLANNING
COMMUNICATION METHODS
•
person to person - face to face, reading a letter,
•
in a small group - planning, problem solving,
•
in a meeting - presenting, bargaining, negotiating
•
using mass media - speaking in public, on radio/TV
•
making a phone call
decision making, written reports, memos, notice
boards
agreements
or television, writing for print media such as
newspapers and journals, books, advertising
others - training, teaching, entertaining.
MEDIA
• The Last Precious Drops
(TIME, Nov 1990)
but in reality we are dealing with
•
The First Precious Drops
and increasingly with the
•
The Next Precious Drops
COMMUNICATION MATERIALS
• A picture/simple diagram tells more than a 100
words
• Cartoons
• Animations/videos: www.thewaterchannel.tv
CARTOONS
website Know With the Flow:
http://www.knowwiththeflow.org/
WHAT CAN I DO?
CONCLUSIONS FOR DISCUSSION
Be more “client” oriented
Develop/maintain our communication skills
Unified / clear messages
Tools for this:
• Work with communication experts
• Use more visuals (establish database?)
• Document good practices (data base?)
USELESS COMMUNICATION
PROVIDING IRRELEVANT INFORMATION TO ILL DEFINED QUESTIONS
USEFUL COMMUNICATION
PROVIDING RELEVANT INFORMATION TO WELL DEFINED QUESTIONS
WHAT IS THE HEIGHT OF THAT
TOWER IN CENTIMETERD
BECAUSE WE NEED TO
MONITOR POSSIBLE LAND
SUBSIDENCE?
I HAVE MEASURED IT WITH TWO
DIFFERENT METHODS BETWEEN
FIXED POINTS AND THE HEIGHT IS
2625 +/- .5 CM
COMMUNICATION TAKES TWO SIDES:
need to see the picture from both sides !
water managers ……
• need to focus on what’s going on underground
• but not ‘bury their heads in the sand’
EXERCISE ON COMMUNICATION
IAH-NCC
Cartoons:
- Describe in a few lines what the message is
that the cartoon wants to convey
- Make a one liner to strengthen the message