Transcript presentation-personal_family-emergency

Personal & Family
Emergency
Preparedness
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Are You Ready?
A Personal Approach to Preparing
for Disasters
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“Preparing for a disaster is
neither rocket science nor brain
surgery. It is making sure that
people at the grass-roots level
know what to do.”
Ted Koppel
August 2006
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This Workshop is About YOU!
Where
do I
start?
• Beginning to prepare is
tough, but essential
• Your preparations will
be specific to your
needs
• There’s no right way:
it’s personal
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What Will You Learn During this
Workshop?
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The importance of being prepared
Create a Family Communication Plan
Identify supplies needed to stay safe in
an emergency
Stay safe at home during an emergency
How and when to evacuate home
Steps to Becoming Prepared
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Resources for You
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Redcross.org
FEMA.gov
Ready Minnesota
Ready.gov
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Let’s Get Started!
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A Case For Preparing
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A Case For Preparing
Topics
1. Identify potential disasters
2. Perceiving the threat in order to
prepare
3. Benefits of becoming prepared
4. Obstacles to becoming prepared
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Natural Disasters In Our Area
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Tornadoes
Winter Storms
Power Outage
Floods
Fires
Infectious Disease
Intentional Man-made
Disasters
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Weapons of Mass Destruction
CBRNE Model
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Chemical
Biological
Radiological
Nuclear
Explosive
Likelihood and Impact
Nuclear
Weapons
Natural
Impact
Bioterrorism
Improvised
Radiological
Device
Explosive
Incendiary
Probability/ Likelihood
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Chemical
Perceive the Threat in Order to
Prepare
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All Disasters Begin Locally
Community preparedness
starts with the individual
Preparing
reduces anxiety
Preparing is your choice
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Video
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Maintain Continuity of
Operations
• Continuity
• Of
• Operations
“COOP”
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A term used by
emergency planners to
describe plans made
to continue activities
of daily living
throughout an
emergency.
Communication Plan
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Communicate with Loved Ones
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Communication Plan
Topics
1. Communication barriers during an
emergency
2. Overcome communication obstacles
3. School emergency communication plan
4. Review communication plan regularly
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Communication May Be
Interrupted
• Land lines may be
physically down
• Cell phone lines may
be overwhelmed
• Power outage may
impede use of
cordless telephone or
cell phone
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Overcoming Barriers
Identify a pre-arranged
contact person living
out of area
Identify a pre-arranged
meeting site for family
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School Emergencies
• Schools have emergency
communication plans in
place
• Know school emergency
plans and phone
numbers
• Identify how school will
communicate quickly in
a large scale disaster
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ACTIVITY:
My Communication Plan
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Communicate with Loved Ones
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Review communication plan with family
Keep communication card
Update plan regularly
Plan communication drill
Identify Supplies You Need
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Emergency Supplies
Topics
1. Identify personal, essential and specific
supplies needed
2. Collect supplies for two weeks at home
3. Approaches to gathering supplies
4. Obstacles to gathering supplies
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Emergency Supplies for Home
• Essentials to survive
safely at home for 2
weeks
• Assumes lack of
resources available
• Supplies are personal,
specific and essential
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Specific Needs:
Family of Four
• Father - 45 years old Colon
cancer with colostomy
• Mother - 37 years old takes
synthroid
• Son - 8 years old on Ritalin
for ADD
• Daughter – 5 years old good
health
• Pet dog and bird
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Specific Needs:
Senior Couple
• Husband - 78 years
old. Takes medication
for hypertension and
diabetes with
retinopathy.
• Wife - 72 years old.
Excellent health.
Recently broke foot
while hiking. Can’t
drive.
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Specific Needs:
Single-Parent Family
• Mother - 52 years old
works as an emergency
room nurse, and is part of
the county disaster
preparedness program
• Daughter - 16 years old
new driver, independent,
often unreliable on
whereabouts
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ACTIVITY:
A Day in My Life
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ACTIVITY:
Master Emergency Supply List
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Emergency Supplies for Home
• Purchase “one
extra” philosophy
• Stockpile
philosophy
There’s more than
one right way to do
it!
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Rotating Supplies
• Keep it Fresh: First
in, first out “FIFO”
• Create an inventory
for “stockpiles” with
outdates
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Obstacles to Becoming
Prepared
• Personal priorities
• Financial limitations
• Community preparedness needs
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Stay Safe at Home
Topics
1.
2.
3.
4.
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Reasons to remain at home
What is Shelter-in-Place?
Safety skills to learn
Home safety practices
Reasons to Remain at Home
• Storm or other natural disaster
• Toxic substance release
• Infectious disease exposure: home
quarantine
• Caring for ill family members during an
infectious disease outbreak
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“Shelter-in-Place”
• Term used by emergency planners
• Occurs following release of chemical, biological
or infectious contaminants
• Choose a small, interior room without windows
• Instruction to shelter-in-place will come from
emergency or public health officials
• Usually occurs over a few hours or a day
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Home Safety Practices
• What to do in a
power outage
• Utility and water
shut off
• Smoke and
carbon monoxide
detector
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Safety Skills to Learn
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How to dial 911
Learn first aid and CPR
Use of fire extinguisher
Use of emergency
communication technology
Evacuation Plan
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Evacuation Plan
Topics
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6.
7.
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Reasons to evacuate
Establish distant meeting sites
Assemble important documents
Create Go Kit and Car Kit
Plan for pets
School evacuation plans
Importance of practicing evacuation plan
Reasons to Evacuate
• Hazardous spill
or release
• Fire
• Explosion
• Flood
• Other weather
related risk
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Family Evacuation Plan
• Select meeting sites
• Know school
evacuation plan
• Make a family drill
plan
• Notify others of your
plan
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Evacuation Procedure
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Take emergency Go Kit
Lock your home
Turn off utilities if time permits
Make arrangements for pets
Post a note and/or initiate emergency
communication plan
• Go to designated family meeting site
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Documents
Make sure these items are in a
waterproof container in your Go Kit:
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Personal identification
Emergency contacts with phone numbers
Cash & coins
Credit/ATM cards
Extra set of house & car keys
Maps of the area
Copies of important documents
Go Kit
• Personal, specific and essential supplies
for families for 3 days away from home
• Portable container, tub or backpack
• Ready at all times for immediate
evacuation
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Go Kit: Supplies for 3 Days
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Radio and Flashlight
Extra batteries
First aid kit
Medications
Keys/ cash/coins
Documents
Contact phone numbers
Water 1 gallon/person/day
Food/ Can opener
Change of clothes/shoes
Blanket/sleeping bag
Tools/ special needs
Personal Hygiene
Sanitation Supplies
Car Kit
• A Car Kit should
remain in your vehicle
at all times for
emergencies on the
road.
• Keep your gas tank at
least half full
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And You’ve Already Begun!
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Psychological First Aid
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Psychological First Aid
Topics
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Reactions to stress
Resilience
What is Psychological First Aid?
Self-care strategies
How Do You Handle Stress?
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Our Reaction to Stress is
Physical
• Headache
• Elevated blood
pressure and heart
rate
• Elevated blood sugar
• GI problems
• Fatigue
• Sweating
• Pain
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Our Reaction to Stress is
Emotional
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Anger
Guilt
Fear
Anxiety
Irritability
Hopelessness
Our Reaction to Stress is
Cognitive
• Difficulty
concentrating
• Memory problems
• Difficulty making
decisions
• Confusion
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Our Reaction to Stress is
Behavioral
• Keeping excessively
busy
• Diet changes
• Isolation
• Substance abuse
• Sleep problems
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Our Reaction to Stress is
Spiritual
• Change in spiritual
life
• Questioning
spiritual beliefs
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Children’s Reactions to
Stress Vary
• Dependent on developmental
stage, age and previous life
experience
• Greatest fears:
- Separation from family
- Death or injury of loved ones
- Being left alone
- Disaster or stress event will recur
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Event is More Stressful or
Traumatic When……
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Event is unexpected
Many people die, especially children
Event lasts a long time
The cause is unknown
The event is poignant or meaningful
Event impacts a large area
Resilience
• Everyone who experiences a disaster is
touched by it
• We have the ability to “bounce back” after
a disaster
• Resilience can be fostered
• One goal of Psychological First Aid:
support resilience in others
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What is Psychological
First Aid?
• A set of skills that
provide basic
psychological
support to others in
the aftermath of a
traumatic event
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What is Psychological First Aid?
• Provides a framework
to help people stay
calm and get what
they need
• Uses basic
communication skills
• Is not psychotherapy
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Take Care of Yourself
• Caring for ill family
members can be
stressful
• Watch for signs of
emotional fatigue
• Identify self care
strategies
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Take a Psychological First Aid
Course
• Many agencies are providing
psychological First Aid courses
• Train-the trainer courses are also available
in Minnesota
• Contact Minnesota Department of Health
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Home Health Care in an
Emergency
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Home Health Care in an
Emergency
Topics
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2.
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Healthcare response in a disaster
Caring for ill family members at home
Preventing disease spread at home
Delivering basic first aid
Hospitals Will Be
Overwhelmed
• Hospital surge
capacity
• Off Site Care
Facilities
• Caring for loved
ones at home
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Off-site Care Facilities
• Basic medical care
away from hospital
• Not much different than
1918 pandemic
influenza
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Caring for Family at Home
• Patients will need to
be cared for at home
• Preparation for this
is essential
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Caring for Family at Home
• Reduce fever
• Signs and
treatment of
dehydration
• Prevent spread of
infection to others
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Goal: Reduce Fever
• Give fever-reducing
medicine
• No aspirin before age 20
• Push fluids by mouth
• Light sponge bath
• Monitor temperature every
4 hours and record
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Signs of Dehydration
Dehydration occurs
with:
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Fever
Heat prostration
Lack of fluid intake
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Signs of dehydration
include:
Low urine output
Extreme thirst
Dry mouth
Listlessness
Sunken eyes
Lack of tears
Loss of skin turgor
Goal: Prevent Dehydration
• Push fluids early
• A teaspoon at a time can
add up
• Use an electrolyte
solution for vomiting or
diarrhea
• Record intake on illness
log
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Homemade Electrolyte Solution
• Use in emergencies only:
premixed electrolyte solutions
are preferable
• Flavor with juice or sugar-free
drink powder
• Do not use homemade solutions
when treating infants and small
children
• Don’t give up: keep pushing
fluid if only a teaspoon at a time
Source: American Red Cross
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1 quart water
½ tsp. baking
soda
½ tsp. table salt
3-4 Tbs. sugar
¼ tsp. salt
substitute
Monitor Illness
Keep an illness log
Record:
 Temperature
 Medication: time
and dose
 Fluid intake
 Observations and
notes
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When to Call for Help
Call healthcare
professional for:
105°F for an adult or
older child
• Fever greater than
• Continuing dehydration
despite efforts to give fluids
• Shaking chills
• Worsening of chronic
medical condition such as
heart or lung disease
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103°F in children 3
to 24 months
100.4°F in infants
less than 3 months
When to Call for Help
• Dial 911 for:
– Shortness of breath
– Confusion
– Loss of
consciousness
– Stiff neck
– Seizure
– Bluish or mottled
skin color
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Reduce Spread of Disease at
Home
• Hand hygiene
• Respiratory
etiquette
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Prevent Spread at Home
Hand Hygiene:
• Wash hands frequently
• Wash vigorously for 15-20
seconds
• Use warm water and soap
• Rinse and dry thoroughly
• Use alcohol-based hand
rubs if hands aren’t
visibly soiled
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Prevent Spread at Home
Respiratory Etiquette
– Cover cough
– Use tissues and dispose
in garbage can
– Keep hands away from
eyes, nose and mouth
– Consider use of surgical
mask by person who is
ill and coughing
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Prevent Spread at Home
• Keep personal items
separate
• Disinfect surfaces
• Use hot water to wash
clothes and dishes
• Wear disposable
gloves when cleaning
up body fluids
Source: American Red Cross
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Disinfectant:
1 gallon water
¼ cup bleach
Mix it up fresh
every time
you use it.
Learn Basic First Aid Skills
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First Aid Kit
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First Aid Manual
Adhesive Bandages
Sterile Dressings
Triangular Bandage
Roller Gauze
Adhesive Tape
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Antiseptic
Disposable Gloves
Cold Pack
Scissors
Tweezers
CPR Breathing Barrier
Thermal Emergency
Blanket
Ordinary People can be
Lifesavers!
Learn CPR and the use of Automated External
Defibrillator (AED)
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Take a Course
• American Red Cross
• Workplace
• American Heart
Association
• Local Public Health
Agency
• Local Service
Organizations
• Hospitals/ Clinics
• Community Education
• Dial MN 211 for course
referral
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• Fire Stations
People with Special Needs
Topics
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Define Special Needs
People with disabilities and chronic illness
Children have special needs
Language barriers
Where can you find help
What are Special Needs?
• Incident dependent: Anyone may have special
needs
• Essential Functional Needs
– Functional independence
– Communication
– Supervision
– Medical
– Transportation
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Who May Have Special Needs?
• People with disabilities
• People with chronic
illness
• Infants/small children
• Senior citizens
• Pregnant women
• Recent immigrants
• People with complex
challenges
• May include 50% of
population
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Chronically Ill and Disabled
• People with disabilities and chronic conditions
require a higher level of medical services which
may be interrupted for a period of time
• Prepare for interruption by collecting an
emergency stock of medications and medical
supplies
• Discuss plans with physician in advance
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Children have
Special Needs, too
Make plans in advance:
• Infant formula
• Diapers
• Special medication
• Fever reducers for infant
• Necessary equipment for
the chronically ill child
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Language Barriers
• Fewer non-English written resources
exist for preparedness
• Language level at times not appropriate to
all audiences
• Alternate language materials are provided
by American Red Cross, ECHO and others
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Where Can You Find Help?
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Agencies that support
people with specific
disabilities
• Minnesota Department
of Health (MDH)
• ECHO
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