Transcript Presentation and Communication

PE-course
Project Organised Learning (POL)
Mm 7: Communication, Review and
Presentation
Master of Science – Introductory Semester
(E7 + M7 – Intro)
Lecturer:
Ass. teacher:
Lars Peter Jensen
Xiangyun Du
1
Mm. 7: Communication, Review and
Presentation
Learning goals
After this lesson you should be able to
 Describe 3 methods for analysis of oral group
communication
 Explain how review of working papers can be carried out
 Identify ”do’s” and ”don’t do’s” in oral presentation
2
Mm. 7: Communication, Review and
Presentation
Agenda:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Lecture 1: On communication
Group exercise 1: To team or not to team…
Lecture 2: On report writing and review
Group exercise 2: Reviewing abstracts
A Guest lecturer, incl. plenary assessment
Lecture 3: On oral presentation
Evaluation of the POL course
3
Communication
- a definition
- from ancient Latin: communis - ”common”
- sharing, making commonly known
Merriam-Webster: ( www.m-w.com )
a:
to convey knowledge of or information about :
make known <communicate a story>
b:
to reveal by clear signs <his fear communicated
itself to his friends>
to transmit information, thought, or feeling so
that it is satisfactorily received or understood
c:
4
Ways of communication
One-on-one
Few-on-few
One-on-many
Two-way
’Multi-way’
One-way
Discussion
Group
discussion
Presentation
Letters, e-mail
Working
papers
Notes for a
course
Participants
Characteristic
Oral
Written
5
Tools for communication analysis in
the group
Three tools:
1) Quantitative - drawing communication diagrams
2) Qualitative/quantitative - logging type and number of
contributions from group members
3) Relative – matching individual group member’s
assessment of the process
6
1. Quantitative
Communication
diagram, to be filled
by an observer
after finishing
7
2. Qualitative/quantitative
Three types of contributions:
• Contributions furthering discussion
• Contributions improving ’climate’
• Contributions blocking discussion
8
Contributions furthering discussion
•
•
•
•
•
•
Make proposals
Search for information via questions
Give information
Summing up the discussion
Elaborate and further develop ideas
Test own and others’ understanding of the
topic under discussion
9
Contributions improving ’climate’
•
•
•
•
•
•
Praise and encourage others
Support others in being listened to
Follow and support ideas of others
Openly express change of opinion
Show openness
Listen actively
10
Contributions blocking discussion
•
•
•
•
•
Disagree without constructive alternatives
Attack proposals of others
Defend own proposals aggressively
Speaking all the time without listening
Talk about other subjects
11
Qualitative/quantitative
Stud.
1
Stud.
2
Stud.
3
Stud.
4
Stud. Stud.
5
6
Futhering discussion
Improving ’climate’
Blocking discussion
To be filled by an observer
12
3. Relative - matching
After the discussion:
• Assessing the process individually
• Matching the individual group members’
assessment
• Discussing major mismatches
13
A team communication exercise
• To TEAM or not to TEAM – that is the question!
• Project Managers solve many problems. Before you
can solve a problem you have to understand it!
• Bill Gates only scored three right in this simple
test – See how many you get right.
• ..and then see how many your group gets right.
14
Do you want to know the
correct answers?
15
What can we learn about
communication from this exercise?
16
Time for a break…
17
Lecture 2: On writing and review
1. Illustrations
2. Group writing
3. Review
18
Illustrations
• A picture can tell more than a thousand words –
but only if it is a good illustration of the
subject
• Some examples
19
20
Illustrating ”eye view” of a
control room
Mimic Monitors
diagram for overview
Working Working
monitor place
21
Illustrating emission of NOX
Total NOX concentration
Low sources
Medium height
sources
High sources
Background from
abroad
22
How to write
Before writing (the group):
• Preparation: receiver, message, outline
• Brainstorm: e.g.. Post-it
Writing (individually):
• Go for it : write without criticism – one headline at a time
(in arbitrary order)
• Structure – structure the writing, creating overview and
consistency
• Edit – make the writing easy to read
After writing (the group or others)
 Review
23
Review – Why ?
• To find mistakes
• To identify if something is missing
• To point out which parts of the document
are really good (excellent)
24
Review – How and When ?
• Written or oral
• at a group meeting
• after everybody have read the
writing and have prepared individual
comments to it
25
Review – How ?
Split the comments into tree categories:
• Misspelling, misprint and other corrections in the proofs.
(might be noted directly in the document)
• Logical errors, misunderstandings, poor formulations,
technical mistakes etc. that makes the understanding
difficult or impossible for the reader.
• Good points, well structured, clear overview, interesting
angle, well documented, clear illustrations etc.
26
Group Exercise
• Read the 3 distributed abstracts carefully
• Review them following the method on the
previous slide
• Then rank them according to quality and
give them a mark between 0 and 100%
• Prepare a short presentation of your
marking, arguing why you have given the
marks by pointing out good and bad things
about the abstracts
27
Break for 15 minutes
28
Lecture 3: On oral presentation
• A Guest Lecturer
• Plenum assessment of the guest
lecturer
• Planning an oral presentation
29
A guest lecturer
30
What can we learn about oral
presentation from this exercise?
Find 5 good and 5 bad points in the presentation
Feel free to smalltalk about your answers.
Be prepared to explain your points.
31
The short presentation plan
1. Tell them what you are going to tell them!
2. Tell them!
3. Tell them what you have told them!
32
The longer presentation plan- 1
Questions to ask:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
What is my point?
Why do I want to tell?
Who is to know?
How to approach receiver?
How should I tell it?
Where/when to tell?
What do I know?
How do I behave?
Message
Motivation
Receiver, code, power
Contact
Focus, media
Situation
Competence
Attitude
33
The longer presentation plan- 2
Things to think about:
Content - message, structure
Appearance - confident, open, lively (eye-contact, hands)
Articulation - clear, fluent, correct terminology (write)
AV-aids - blackboard, OHP, PowerPoint, posters, film
Time-management - organise, message
Group collaboration - organise, message
Plan - rehearse - evaluate – review – rehearse etc.
34
Nervousness . . . . . .
.Everyone is nervous, insecure and/or exited the only thing that helps is practice.
• Prepare
• Rehearse
• Write introduction + conclusion
• Write clue-cards
35
Oral presentations - body language
Elements in body language
• eyes
• facial mimic
• gesture
• posture
• position
• dressing
How do
you
interpret
this sign?
36
Body language
• Be aware of your body language – often there
is a contradiction between what you say and
what your body tells
• Some examples which may well be culturally
biased??
37
Superior and selfconfident; don’t turn your
back to the audience
Signals defence and
insecurity despite the
smile
Confident, committed and
confidence-inspiring
38
Defensive and keeping
his distance
A little nervous; holding
a pencil or a pointing
device will look more
natural
Aggressive, determined
39
Open and honest
Insecure, holding his own
hand
Cautious and a little
insecure
40
• So – beware of your body language
and rehearse in front of your friends
and in front of the mirror!!
41
This was it for today – and the
end of this course on Project
Organised Learning
42
Before we say Good Bye I would like to
hear your honest opinion about the
POL-course, both form and content.
Please feel free to speak your mind!!
43