Transcript Tang and Song China - Lake County Schools

Tang and Song China
16_1
Tang Dynasty
• Han dynasty fell in A.D. 220
• Tang Taizong became emperor in A.D. 626
– He revived the Chinese bureaucracy (system of
government with many departments led by appointed officials)
– Empire grew to its largest size up to that time
– Empress Wu Zhao was the only woman to ever
rule China.
– What did she say? (read top of page 479)
Emperor Taizong
Tang Empire
Tang Capital city was Changan
• Was at the end of the Silk Road
• Was the largest city in the world! (more than a
million people in 742 within the walls)
• Had grid layout, 5x6 miles
• Wide tree-lined avenue led from the imperial
palace to the main gate
• Foreign culture!!!
Pair-share (read p. 479, last paragraph)
• Were foreigners welcome in Changan?
• Did foreigners live in the same neighborhood
as the Chinese?
• Did Chinese nobles accept or reject foreign
culture? Explain.
Homework:
• Fill out the Dynasty table
• Prepare a presentation on the assigned
ancient Chinese dynasty.
– Powerpoint
– Skit
D
 Student does their assigned section of the summary table,
AND does some of the others, BEFORE going over it in class.
 Student dynamically presents their assigned dynasty, while
adding SOME new information.
 Student does their assigned section of the summary table,
and completes the remainder while going over it in class.
 Student presents their assigned dynasty to the class and is
able to answer questions.
 Student does most of their summary table work only after
going over it in class.
 Student presents their section to class by rote, and is not able
to answer qestions.
 Student completes the table partially.
 Student only presents some of the powerpoint.
F
 Student does not do the summary table.
 Student does not present their assigned section.
A
B
C
• http://www.sde.nus.edu.sg/changan/
Ancient Chinese Dynasties
Dynasty Years
Famous for
Pages
Shang
1700-1100 First dynasty, organized farmers, built dikes, oracle
B.C.
bones, pictograph writing, bronze,
432-435
Zhou
1050-250
B.C.
“Shang rulers are corrupt”, mandate of heaven,
family members rule, rebellion by warlords,
crossbow, iron, odd-shaped coins, warring states
period,
436-439
Qin
247-206
B.C.
“Shi Huangdi”, no city walls, Great Wall,
standardization, provinces and counties,
legalism/harsh laws/high taxes, censorship,
452-455
Han
206 B.C.A.D. 220
Supported Confucian scholarship, lower taxes, Wudi
expansion into Korea and Vietnam, strong c. gov,
civil service, no home district rule, Silk Road trade, c.
Asia, 3 religions, merchants snubbed, farmers 90%,
salt and iron, price control, music, calligraphy,
acupuncture, seismometer,
457-459
Tang
A.D. 626926
Restored bureaucracy, Changan City, Foreign
influence, Empress Wu Zhao
478-479
Song Dynasty
• Tang dynasty fell due to war, drought and high
taxes
• China reunited by Song dynasty in A.D. 960
• Big, strong army, but civilian gov official had
control.
• Q: How did Song rulers secure peace with its
neighbors? (read last paragraph, p. 480)
–1
–2
The Examination System
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Scholar-officials took the civil service exam
Q: Which dynasty started it?
Exam was based on Confucius teachings
Few people passed
Wealthy people had the time to study for the
exam
• Tang dynasty: only some officials got jobs through
civil service exams
• Song dynasty: merit system, wealth and social
status no longer helped.
• Exam was also given for promotions.
Pair-share Questions
1. What is a merit system? (p. 481)
2. Why could officials could not serve in their
home district?
3. Why did officials have to change jobs every
three years?
4. How long did some scholars study for the
exam? (read photo caption)
Prosperity
• Scholar-officials eventually pushed aside the
nobles and warlords to become the highestranking class in Chinese society.
• Urbanization = the growth of cities
Southern Song Period
• Foreigners take control of N. China.
• Song dynasty moves from Changan to the port
city Hangzhou
• Tenant farming became popular.
Advances in Farming
• Population shift to the South (warmer and
wetter)
• Crop rotation
• Rice preferred over wheat and barley (dry-land
crops)
• Rice “paddies” must be kept wet.
• Fast-ripening rice offers 3 harvests per year.
• Rice provides more food per acre. Population
swells to 100 million by A.D. 1100