Transcript Chinese Dynasties

Chinese Dynasties
Review
What are the
Mountains,
geographic
deserts, ocean
features
and
jungles of
China?
Trade and cultural diffusion
Explain the
between China and Rome
importance of
Silk road and Indian Ocean
the Silk
Road
(Monsoon
Marketplace
How did the
Chinese
change
Terrace
farming
their
environment
to
farm
on the hill
to
make
it work for
and
mountains
them?
What
are the
Five
Relationships
basic guidelines
Filial
PietyRespect
of the
Confucius
for
elderssystem?
belief
Shang Dynasty
Most of China was isolated by a
variety of geographic features
It was the Shang that first united a
chunk of China near the Huang He
and helped China prosper
Under the Shang Dynasty the
Chinese developed a writing system
 Oracle Bones were used to
tell the future
Zhou Dynasty
Overthrew the Shang family
Created support by claiming god
was angry with the Shang’s cruel
rule and chose the Zhou to rule
instead
They called this the Mandate of
Heaven
Mandate of
Heaven:
The right to rule
granted by god
Mandate of Heaven
The dynastic
cycle
explained the
rise and fall
of empires
Think about it…
Thinking back to the Egyptian
and Mesopotamian God-Kings,
why do you think the Chinese
Dynasties would claim a
“Mandate” from heaven?
Zhou Feudalism
The emperor would give large areas of land
to loyal lords.
The lords would allow peasants to farm the
land in exchange for a part of the crop and
military service
Zhou Economy
The Zhou introduced money to the
Chinese, changing from bartering to
money
Increased canals, road systems and
irrigation systems
Discovered how to make silk
Qin Dynasty
The Qin furthered trade along the Silk
Road but dealt with frequent invasions
Began the Great Wall to stop invasions
The Emperor also placed thousands of
Terracotta statues to ‘protect’ his tomb
and wall
Han Dynasty 206 BCE- 220 CE
The Han dynasty created a Golden Age in
China
The Han Dynasty gained the mandate of
heaven by lowering taxes and easing
government regulations
More
freedom
Lower
taxes
Golden Age:
Period of cultural
and intellectual
achievement.
Han’s Golden Age
Led by Wudi/ Wuti
Expanded Silk Road
Established Confucianism as the official belief system
Civil Service exams- qualified employees not just
friends
Wrote books on zoology, biology, chemistry and
astronomy
Created acupuncture
Civil Service Exams
Before the exams, most
government jobs were provided
based on close relationships
Government jobs are now based
on merit
Do you think Civil Service
Exams are a good idea or
not?
Tang Dynasty 618 CE-907 CE
Reunited China after years of Civil
War
Created a strict social structure
Invented Gun powder
Invented block printing- allowed
for quicker and cheaper copies
Block Printing
Creating Block Printing
allowed the Chinese to
quickly reproduce books and
sell them for less money
Tang and Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty focused on trade:
-fine porcelain
-landscape paintings
-Pagoda
-spinning wheel
-increase Rice production
Ming Dynasty 1368-1644 CE
Population boomed as new foods
were introduced from the
Americas
Restored many traditional values
and ideas
Explored sea trading routes and
established trade from China to
Africa
Zheng He 1405-1433
Zheng He led expeditions along Southeast
Asia, India and East Africa
Trade=cultural diffusion
The Chinese felt superior to the cultures
they encountered. When Zheng He dies the
emperor stops ALL trade and the Chinese
become isolated
**Ethnocentrism**
Review
The Ancient Chinese viewed outsiders are
barbarians. This is an example of
1) Cultural diffusion
2) Materialism
3) Imperialism
4) Ethnocentrism
Review
In China, the development of ethnocentrism
was most influenced by
1. its geographic isolation
2.its historic reliance on foreign nations
3.a long history of democratic
government
4. a strong belief in Christianity
Review
Which statement best supports the idea that
cultural diffusion has greatly affected Southeast
Asia?
1) The population of SE Asia is concentrated in rural
areas
2) Monsoon climates affect food production in
Indonesia
3) A reliance on subsistence agriculture remains a
problem for many SE Asian economies
4) Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam are practiced
throughout SE Asia