Transcript Ancient India - Cobb Learning

ANCIENT INDIA
Indus Valley Civilization 2500 B.C.E
• Developed along the
Indus River in modernday Pakistan
• Farmers
• Their cities were
planned out and
included sewage
systems.
• Harappa was their
most famous city
Geography-12/7
Look in Chapter 25 in your Geography book.
1. What is India’s main religion? Name 2 other minor
religions.
2. What is the main religion in Pakistan?
3. What is India’s main language? What other common
language do they speak when dealing with trading
transactions?
4. What is India’s economy primarily based on?
History-8/25
• On your Organizer:
• Define #s 6 and 13-19 on Vocab
• Answer Sections 3.1 and 3.2 on the back
• In your warm-up section, answer these questions based
on this quotes.
• Thou shall not kill
• Thou shall not steal
• Thou shall honor thy neighbor
• Where have you heard or seen these before?
• What else from this unit can you compare these to that we have
already discussed?
Physical Features
• The Indus River-most
historical river
• Ganges River-most
sacred river in India for
Hindus
• Himalayas-formed from
plate tectonics
• Mount Everest-tallest
mountain in the world
(29,035 ft.)
• K2-Second tallest
mountain in the world
(28,250)
A History of India
• Indus Valley Civilization: 1st
•
•
•
•
•
•
civilization (farmers, developed
sewers)
Aryans conquered the Indus
Valley and estb. Hinduism
Later, Siddhartha Gautama
estbl. Buddhism
India was conquered by
Muslims in the 16th Century
(Mughal Empire)
British take over India in the
1800s with control of the East
India Company
Mohandas Gandhi gained
independence for India in the
1930s
1947-Partition of India-India split
into India, Pakistan, and East
Pakistan (Bangladesh)
Aryans Invade the Indus Valley 1500 B.C.E
• Indo-European Aryans
•
•
•
•
•
from Caspian Sea area
Developed a Caste
System
Brought their religion to
India based upon a sacred
text-The Vedas
Hinduism developed over
time
Hindus work to achieve
moksha or complete
understanding of the
universe
Reincarnation occurs and
karma follows to the next
life.
Buddhism Develops
• Siddhartha Gautama
(the Buddha)-developed
Buddhism in the 500s
B.C.E
• Searched for
enlightenment, or
wisdom to end suffering
• The Four Noble Truths
• Desire causes suffering
• Eightfold Path/Middle
Way
• Nirvana-release from
selfishness and pain.
India Timeline (Find Dates, Create Pic.,
and Write Title for each)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Indus Valley establishes civilization
Aryans arrive
Hinduism Develops
Siddhartha Gautama creates Buddhism
Chandragupta Maurya established the Mauryan Empire
Asoka spreads Buddhism
Gupta Empire is established (Golden Age)
Babur established the Mughal Empire
Akbar creates “2nd Golden Age”
Islam spreads
Taj Mahal is built by Shah Jahan
British takeover India
Mohandas Gandhi leads Independence Movement
India gains Independence from Britain
Partition of India (Creation of Pakistan)
Indira Gandhi becomes first woman prime minister
Mumbai Bombings (2011)
The Road to Modern India
• These are all modern-day characteristics of India.
• For each one, place it into a timeline for India’s history. Make
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
sure it is in order
Include a date and picture for each.
Start with this event: The Indus Valley Civilization was the first
civilization to develop here.
1. India’s main religion is Hinduism
2. India also has Buddhist followers
3. India also has Muslim followers
4. India fights with Pakistan over control of Kashmir
5. One of India’s main languages is English
6. The Taj Mahal is considered one of the world’s 7 wonders.
7. India has the world’s second largest population
India Conquered by Muslims
• In 1526 C.E., a group of
Muslims from Central
Asia conquered India
• The Mughal Empire
was established
• Babur-man who started
the Mughal Empire
• A Golden Age was
began under the
emperor Akbar in 1556.
• Shah Jahan-built the Taj
Mahal in 1653
The British Control India
• The British East India
•
•
•
•
Company-trading
company that made
money off of India’s
resources (1757)
Over time, this company
gained more power
Sepoy Mutiny-Indian
soldiers tried
unsuccessfully to re-take
India in 1857
The British government
transferred power from the
company in 1858
The British controlled
Indian life for the next
century.
The Mauryan Empire, Asoka, and the
Gupta Empire
• Chandragupta Maurya
united India by 303 B.C.E
• Asoka-Maurya’s grandson
became India’s greatest
king and spread Buddhism
across India.
• Religious Toleration
• The Gupta Empire“Golden Age” experienced
profit from trade and
achievements in the arts,
science, and religious
thought.
ANCIENT CHINA
Chinese Dynasties
• Ancient China was
characterized by
dynasties-series of
rulers from same family
• The Zhou Dynasty was
one of the earliest
(1027-256 B.C.E)
• Farmers btw. Huang He
and Chiang Jiang Rivers
• Developed the Mandate
of Heaven-the gods’
approval to rule
• Dynastic Cycle
Confucianism Develops
• Confucius (551-479
B.C.E)-China’s greatest
philosopher
• Developed a moral code
to live by.
• Five Relationships
• Filial Piety-respect for
parents and ancestors
• Stressed education
• Created a bureaucracy,
or trained civil service for
the government.
• Based on an Exam
System (merit)
The Qin Dynasty (221-202 B.C.E)
• Founded by Shi
Huangdi, “First
Emperor.”
• Unified China through
conquest
• Harsh ruler; centralized
autocracy
• Legalism
• Burned Confucian texts
• Built the Great Wall of
China
The Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E-220 C.E.)
• Expanded under
Emperor Wudi, “The
Martial Emperor”
• Increased trade by
building silk roads
across China
• Created a Bureaucracy
with civil service jobs
• Examination System
based upon
Confucianism
• Spread Chinese thought
• Technology (paper)