Transcript 6th - China
China Alicia Cox, Briana Thomas, Ethan Lim, Nick Kotov and Samuel Haig Establishment of Education ● Schools were only open for the wealthy and men. ● Officials were trained in imperial academies ● Scholar-Gentry was a luxurious class that which got their wealth and elite membership from education Officials ● First professional civil service ● All potential official were trained as scholars and immersed in texts dealing with history, literature, art, and mathematics. (emphasis on Confucian) ● Wang Mang - started many reforms Hierarchy From least powerful to most powerful the Hierarchy of China was Peasants, Merchants, landlords and officials ● Loyal administrators were treated special Landlords Many Impoverished land owning peasants sold all of their land to large landowners because of growth, taxation and being in debt. The government greatly opposed of this because it decreases state revenue, and increases the tax burden for remaining peasant farmers, also large landowning people may be able to mount their own military and overthrow the government. Peasants ● They represented the vast majority of the population. ● Poor peasants were forced to give away land or work as tenants. ● When famine or droughts happened during each dynasty,it led to rebellion among the peasants of the society Rebellion The state authorities required all peasants to work a month’s labor each year on public projects. Growing numbers of peasants and worsening living conditions there were periodic peasant rebellions. In the second century C.E. wandering bands of peasants banded together to form the uprising known as the Yellow Turban Rebellion. This resulted in the devastation of the economy, and weakening of the state ultimately resulting i the downfall of the Han Dynasty a Yellow Turban Rebellion Merchants ● Although they were higher in society they were seen lower in importance that peasants. ● They are stereotyped as greedy, luxuryloving, and materialistic. ● They are not allowed to wear silk, ride horses, carry arms, or hold public office.