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Trade routes assignment Daniel Schollie Abbasid dynasty circa 786 – 1194 CE(Map) Abbasid Dynasty • Used Baghdad, Cairo and Cordoba to stimulate trade and industry throughout the Islamic world • Created paper using Chinese methods • Created concept of Cheque (American Spelling, Originally Check) • Bazaars held goods from around the world for sale • Increased demand for materials within the Islamic empire, such as iron, leather and glass Trans Saharan Trade • Outsiders rarely traded within the Sahara in early years • However, Locals used these North-West trade routes to sustain their cultures • Caravans of Islamic traders • Berbers • TRADED: GOLD, SALT, IVORY, POTTERY, SPICES, IRON GOODS, CAMELS, LINENS Saharan trade routes circa 1400, with the modern territory of Niger highlighted Darb el-Arbain Trade Route • • • • • Kharga and Asyut Old Egyptian Kingdom Romans “Forty day road” EXCHANGED: GOLD, IVORY, SPICES, WHEAT, ANIMALS, PLANTS Trade Routes Focused around Carthage • • • • • Garamantes ---- c.1500 BCE Phoenecia------- c. 400 BCE Carthage (founded c. 800 BCE) Middle men conducted trade IMPORTED: SALT, CLOTH, BEADS, METAL GOODS • EXPORTED: GOLD (West African), IVORY, SLAVES Silk Road Trade (map slide 8) • China Export: China, porcelain, Bronze ornaments, medicines, Spices, Perfumes, Chinese Inventions, Paper, Tea, Rice • China Import: Gold, Silver, Precious stones, Glass items, Hides, Wool, hunting dogs, Ivory, Turtle shells, Ceramics, Iron items, Mirrors Indian Ocean • Gold, Ivory, Iron were all imported • Exported cotton, silk and porcelain • High demand for these exports due to low supply • Cities were easy to reach due to location and favourable winds and ocean currents • Cargo easy to load and unload at cities AREAS OF MAJOR TRADE Swahili Coast • Connected East, Central and South Africa to Indian/Pacific trade routes • Trade connected as far as Great Zimbabwe and modern day Democratic Republic of Congo • Slaves, Ivory major income providers • Currency, Pottery, Beads, Spices all imported Great Zimbabwe • Bantu people founded Great Zimbabwe on their migration southward • Trade network linked with China and Kilwa • Gold, Ivory and Cattle were all believed to have been exported from Great Zimbabwe • Pottery, currency (from Arabia), glass beads all excavated suggesting these goods were imported Timbuktu • Linked West Africa with Berbers, Arab and Jewish traders • Knowledge • On Niger River • Salt, Gold exported • Extremely Wealthy • Important Religious/Education site Viking Trade • Traded in Constantinople silks and spices for slaves (usually Russian), Amber (from Baltic’s), furs, skins and walrus tusk ivory (from Iceland/Greenland/Norway etc.) • Founded Scandinavian trading cities of Birka, Ribe, Hedeby, and Skiringskal • Used Kiev (Ukraine) to open Russian and Byzantine trading goods to Western Europe • Stimulated large economic growth Mediterranean Sea • Provided a way of trade, Colonization and war • Connected Ancient Greeks, Roman, Egyptians, Carthaginians and more • Later connected to Indian Ocean • Allowed for cultural exchange • Critical to development of Nations Berenike • • • • eastern side of Egypt ideal position India shipped goods here Redistributed amongst people (particularly Romans around 100 BCE) Dates Of Major Trading Centers • c. 200 BCE – 1300 CE Silk Road routes forming • c. 750 – 1258 CE Islamic Abbasid Dynasty • c. 1000 CE Crusaders acquire goods from middle East, become involved in world trade • c. 790 – 1070 CE Vikings become international traders, opening Russia to west trading Bibliography • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Oracle Education, ed. 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