Transcript File

Civilizations of East Asia
Ch 5, p. 79
Lesson Summary
• _____ ends in 220, chaos ensues
• 300 years later Sui Dynasty emerges
– Grand Canal
• _____________ pops up 40 yrs later
– Land reforms, civil service exams are back
– Expand power
• ____________ comes much later
– Cultural flourishing, then Mongol invasion
China Reunified, Ch 5.1 Vocab
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•
Scholar-gentry  ________________
Dowry
Period
Complexity
Unification Under Sui
• Sui Dynasty (581-618)
– Re-Unification after 300 years of chaos
• ______________
– Emperor Sui Yangdi completed GC, linking the
Yellow and Yangtze rivers
– Good for ________ btwn N. and S. China
– Ultimately leads to Sui downfall
• Forced labor, high taxes, and extravagance at
court angers everyone
Tang Reforms
• Tang Dynasty (618-907)
– _____________: redistribute land to peasants
– Gov’t. Reform: reinstituted civil service exams,
based on Confucius
– Restore China’s Influence
• Peace in NW China and control of Tibet. Diplomatic
relations with SE Asia
– Collapse
• Corruption and rebellions (___________)
Prosperity Under Song
• _____________(960-1279)
– Prosperous and cultural
growth
– Invasions from North!
• _____________ eventually
overwhelm in the late
1200s and control China
shortly thereafter
Three Dynasties = Sui, Tang & Song
• Trade flourished and guilds grew
• Banking and a money economy developed
• Gunpowder invented and primitive flame-thrower
used in battle: the ___________!
Gov’t. & Economy
During Three Dynasties
• Mature political/economic system is born!
• Monarchy and _________________
– ____________________ create some social mobility and
a literate bureaucracy
• Farming:
– Improved techniques and land reform produced more
food
Think-Pair-Share
• Why were the landed gentry that replaced the
old aristocracy known as scholar-gentry?
OR
• How did the dowry contribute to female
children being less desirable than male
children?
Gov’t. & Economy, Cont’d.
• _________________________
– All invented/discovered…better weapons, clothes
• Private merchants and guilds
– Before Chinese gov’t. mostly controlled trade
– Silk Road comes back b/c of Arab stability
• ___________
– In the 700-800s paper money as currency started to
replace copper coins, banking blossomed
Chinese Society
• _______________ were an
age of relative prosperity
– Gap btwn rich and poor
narrowed
• BUT women still had very
little power or influence
during this time.
– ___________ probably
started in the Song Dynasty
Lesson Summary
• ______ ends in 220, chaos ensues
• 300 years later Sui Dynasty emerges
– Grand Canal
• __________ pops up 40 yrs later
– Land reforms, civil service exams are back
– Expand power
• ____________ comes much later
– Cultural flourishing, then Mongol invasion
Ch 5.1 Discussion & Review
• What traditional ideals underlined Chinese gov’t.
during the Three Dynasties?
– ________________
• How did the Tang Dynasty improve farming and
food production?
– ________________________________
• What is the name for the major trade artery that
winds through Asia to Europe?
– ________________________
Mongols and Chinese Culture
Ch 5.2, p. 87
Ch 5.2 Vocab
• Khanate
• Neo-Confucianism
• Porcelain
Mongol Empire
• Origins
– Nomads from northern Asia, raised livestock and
travelled by horseback
• _______________
– Unifies Mongols in early 1200s and conquers
largest land empire of all time
• After death divides empire into 4 ______________
_________________
• Grandson of Genghis
– Completes conquest of China, creates Yuan
Dynasty in 1279
• Rules from capital called Khanbalik
• Adopts and modifies current political system
• Eventually, the locals love Kublai Khan
• BUT ____ to capture Japan and Indonesia
–Bad weather…_____________!
The Growth of Trade
• Mongols brought all of Eurasian land mass under
unified rule
– LARGEST ________________, ever…
• Lots of trade and reinvigoration of Silk Road
Mongol Religion & Gov’t.
• ____________________
– From India to China in 1st Century
– Imperial court gets upset b/c of land and serfs
• Tang Dynasty destroys temples and makes followers
“get back to work”
• Confucianism  Neo-Confucianism
– Song Dynasty modernizes ideals to include societal
benefits
• Fulfillment comes from participation in material world
Golden Age
• Cultural Advancements from Tang and Yuan
– Printing invented in movable type
– Famous poetry
• ___________________
– Doaist painting
• Landscape art from Song and Yuan dynasties, nature
– Porcelain unrivaled, even today (Tang)
Ch 5.2 Discussion & Review
• T/F: Neo-Confucianism did not address ideas tackled
by Buddhism and Daoism.
– ______________________
• Who led the Yuan Dynasty
– ________________
• Cultural advances occurred most in which dynasty:
Song, Tang, or Yuan?
– _______
Early Japan and Korea
Ch 5.3, p. 92
Vocab
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Samurai
Bushido
Shogun
Daimyo
Shinto
Zen
Archipelago
Revenue
Code
Yamato Clan
• Most ppl in clan were farmers or other workers,
headed by an aristocratic group of rulers
• In the early 600s Shotoku Taishi, a ___________
prince, came into power and mimic the Chinese
Tang model of government.
– New tax system where money went directly to central
leadership, rather than random aristocrats
After Shotoku Taishi’s Death
• The ____________ clan gains power
– BUT the central government loses power to the
aristocrats in the process
• Taxes start to “disappear”
• ____________ must be used for protection!
First Shogunate
• By 12th Century, aristocratic rivalries at fever pitch
• Minamoto Yoritomo defeated his rivals and started
_____________________
– 1192 to 1333
– Centralized gov’t. again, but Shogun controls military
state and Emperor only serves as figure head
• Emperor is considered a ______________
The Horde Returns!
• In 1281 ________
__________ sends
150,000 soldiers to
attack Japan
• “The Great Wave”
aka Tsunami
devastates fleet
But Kamakura Falls Anyway…
• In 1333 several powerful families overwhelm
the ________________.
– Civil War resumes
Query
• Why do you think it was important for Japan
to have an emperor, even though he had no
real power?
– ________________________________________
Life in Early Japan
• Farming society, slow to develop
– Manufacturing and trade pick up during
Kamakura
• Active women, but still ________________
– Could divorce (if abandoned) and receive
inheritance
• BUT husband could divorce if wife did not produce
son, committed adultery, __________________, was
jealous or had an illness. YIKES.
Early Japanese Religion
• Called ___________ (“Sacred Way” or “Way of
the Gods”)
– All about spirit ancestors and nature spirits
– Eventually leads to Emperor as sacred being
• Literally a hand of ___________
Query
• Why do you think most of Japan’s imports
came from China and Korea?
– _________________________________________
_____________________________
Female Writers
• Prose fiction very popular amongst females
– Aristocratic men believed that writing prose was
beneath them.
– Non-aristocratic men probably couldn’t write
• __________________ and architecture were
big themes
• The Tale of Genji
– Written by Lady Murasaki, earliest written novel
Korea, cont’d.
• Mountainous peninsula
• Three kingdoms emerge
– ___________: largest, established royal lineage
– ___________: in to Buddhism
– __________: aristocratic, sided with Chinese and
defeates other two kingdoms
• Buddhism takes hold
Silla Rules!
• Dominant b/c of Chinese aid
• Civil War after Silla King is assassinated
– ________________ results (root name for Korea)
– Then Mongols come in and make the Koreans
build ships for Kublai Khan’s fleet (to attack
Japan)
Ch 5.3 Discussion & Review
• The Japanese leader responsible for military
control is called a __________.
– ________________
• What was the main directive of all samurai
warriors?
– ________________________________
• What were the three kingdoms of early
Korea?
– ________________________________