Transcript Period Governmental Hand of Cards Prompt, notes

Governmental
Systems
in
China
Period
Governmental Hand of
Cards
Prompt, notes
2
64
65, 66
3
62
63, 64
4
64
65, 66
5
62
63, 64
6
62
63, 64
• Imagine you must have someone hold $100.00
for you for one year. Who would you want to
hold the money; a family member (relative), a
close friend who is wealthy or an excellent
student. Why would you make this choice?
Bureaucratic Government
• Bureaucracy is specialization of functions and a
hierarchy of authority.
• Emperor was the top of the hierarchy.
• To manage the vast territory effectively,
emperors appointed official inspectors, tax
collectors, and other administrators to travel
through the country to carry out imperial rule.
Nepotistic
• power is bestowed on the basis of family
relationships
• An example is the early portion of the Zhou
Dynasty (1054-221 B.C.)
• Chinese emperors extended their control over
the country through the use of a nepotistic
government.
• Zhou emperors put their relatives in charge of
the provinces largely to ensure a loyal
bureaucracy.
Aristocracy
• power is vested (given to )in a small privileged
class.
• 771 B.C. the armies of powerful aristocrats
invaded the Zhou capital and drove out the
rulers.
• Officially, the Zhou still ruled China, but the
ones with real power were the aristocrats who
controlled the strongest provinces.
Meritocracy
• The talented are chosen to rule through a civil-service examination
• Sui and early Tang rulers used examinations to identify qualified candidates
for public office.
• In the beginning only aristocrats could afford to study for these exams.
Later, however, Tang and Song leaders recruited civil servants from other
classes.
• In imperial China the emperor did not appoint just one sector of society to
act as government officials.
• While Chinese emperors had absolute power, in most cases they shared
power with wealthy, land owning families, who administered the government
in China’s far-reaching provinces.
• When China adopted the system of meritocracy, land owning aristocrats lost
some of their power.
• By the end of the Song Dynasty nearly half of the civil servants came from
non-aristocratic families.
Rule By Foreigners
• In 1276 the Mongols captured China’s capital city. Kublai Khan
then took the title of emperor and ruled China calling his
dynasty “Yuan.”
• This dynasty lasted nearly 100 years.
• Chinese society was divided into four classes 1) Mongols 2)
foreigners from outside China who were friends 3) Northern
Chinese 4) Southern Chinese.
• Civil service exams were stopped, Mongols were given
important jobs, trusted foreigners also held government jobs.
Chinese scholars held only minor jobs or were teachers.
• However because of a lack of qualified administrators, in 1315
the Civil Service Exam was restored.
Governmental Hand of Cards
• On the assigned page of your notebook
draw a hand holding 5 playing cards; one
card for each form of government.
• On each card draw one symbol
representing each one of the five forms of
government. An example of a symbol
could be; for scholarship a diploma.