Transcript The Philippines - End-of-Empires-South-East-Asia

The Philippines
Traditional Life and Culture
Map
Map
Pre History
• In 1962 Dr Robert Fox
found a skull that was 22
000 years old. The skull
belonged to a homo sapien
whose kind migrated to
the Philippines some 50
000 to 45 000 years ago.
• Tools dated to the
palaeolithic period have
been found and dated back
some 150 000 years.
Pre History
• The Negritos, small dark
Pygmies who lived by
hunting, fishing and
gathering are known as the
aborigines of the
Philippines.
• They arrived via the land
bridges between 30 000
and 25 000 years ago.
• They are the forbearers of
tribes still known today.
Pre History
• Thousands of years later,
great migrations of people
swept across the seas and
settled in the Philippines’
islands.
• The Indonesians arrived
between, 3 000 and 500
BC.
• The Indonesians brought
Neolithic culture: polished
stone tools and later
copper and bronze tools
and agriculture.
Pre History
• The Malays followed
between 300BC and
AD500.
• The Malays brought Iron
Age culture: The smelting
and manufacture of copper
and iron tools and
weapons, potery, cloth
weaving and glass beads
for ornaments.
Foreign Influence
• The location of the
archipelago, between the
South China Sea and the
Persian Gulf made it a
convenient stopping place
for Indian, Chinese, Arab,
Japanese and Siamese
merchants, missionaries,
seamen and adventurers.
Foreign Influence
• Indian cultural
influences filtered into
the Philippines
between the late 7th
and early 16th C. via
immigrants and traders
from Siam, Malaya,
Sumatra, and Java
where Indian culture
had spread.
Foreign Influence - China
• It is believed that contact
with China may go as far
back as the Zhou Dynasty
(1066BC-221BC).
• It is certain that by the
early Northern Song
Dynasty (960-1127) the
Philippines was trading
with China and this
continued to flourish
through until the Ming
Dynasty (1368-1644).
Foreign Influence - China
• Philippine products such as gold, pearls,
tortoiseshell, betel nut, edible birds nests,
cotton, hemp, and yellow wax were
exchanged for silk and brocade textiles,
coloured beads, fans, umbreallas, porcelain,
bronze gongs, iron, tin and lead sinkers for
fish nets.
Foreign Influence - Arab
• Arab influence arrived at the end of the 9th C. or
beginning of the 10th CE when Arab traders
expelled from central and southern Chinese ports,
sought a new route and place to obtain Chinese
goods.
• During the Yuan Dynasty there was active trade
with Chinese Muslims and Mongols, it was not
until the end of the 13th C. and the beginning of
the 14th C. that Muslim converts were made.
The Spanish
• Ferdinand Magellan, a
Portuguese explorer in the
service of the Spanish
king, came upon the
islands on 16 March 1521
looking for a western
route to the Spice Islands.
• The beginning of almost
450 years of Spanish
control.