Transcript The Emperor`s Clay Army

The Emperor’s Clay Army
China
Lesson 3
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Emperor
Province
Shihuangdi (Shee hwahng dee)
Qin (Chin)
Qinling Mountains chin ling)
Xianyang ((she AHN yang)
Great Wall of China
Vocabulary
Read Aloud
• “In 1974 farmers living near
the southern curve in the
Huang Rive began digging
a new well. Imagine their
surprise when they began to
uncover life-sized clay soldiers!
Archaeologists were called to
the site. Since that day an entire clay army ---more than
8,000 soldiers, horses, and chariots –has be unearthed.
No two of the soldiers look alike. Each one once help a
real weapon to fight off some unknown enemy. Who
built this amazing clay army and why?” (p. 168)
The Big Picture
• Shang Dynasty ended in
1100B.C.
• Years of turmoil
• Qin began to build up
• Qin’s ruler ordered
building of a great clay
army
• Real battle in 221B.C. he
led a read army to control
the Huang River delta
• All of northern China
conquered
Qin general declared himself
China’s emperor renaming
himself
Shihuangdi, The “First Grand
Emperor” saying the Qin
dynasty would last 10,000 years
Timeline
• 1100 B.C. Shang
Dynasty came to an end
• 1100 – 221 BC - turmoil
• 221 B.C.-- Army
controlled Huang River
delta
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-- First emperor
of ChinaShihuangdi
210 B.C. – Death of
Shihuangdi
Peasants and
nobles revolt
The Rise of an Empire
• Geography was
important in the
victory and control of
the empire
• Protected by the
Qinling Mountains on
one side
• Protected by the
Huang River on the
other
• Soldiers marched out
and expanded the
empire
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A New Kind of Government
Shihuangdi
Formed 36 provinces (political divisions of land)
Let farmers own land
Weakened the power of the nobles
Forced nobles to move to the capital city of
Xianyang
Took away their bronze weapons
Devised on system of writing
Local political leaders
reported to the capital
with this writing method
Method of recording and
collecting taxes
Single system of bronze coin money which could
be strung for the entire empire.
Farmers Build the Empire
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A united China expanded in land and from tax money
Money came from the farmers
Highways linking cities were built by the farmers
Strengthen and connect walls in the northern steppes to
keep invaders from the north out which will later evolve
into the great Wall of China, 1500 miles long
• Farmers ”were the backbone of the Qin Empire” (p. 170):
farmers, builders, soldiers.
• Lives centered on seasonal floods
• Fed the emperor with their crops of rice, wheat and other
items.
Building the Emperor’s Tomb
Shihuangdi’s Tomb
Surrounded by 8,099 clay soliders
Had a map of Chinese empire with rivers,
mountains
To have protection in the after-life
221 BC
Baked the clay to form individual soldiers
Chinese Empire
Mercury in the soil
Think About It
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What qualities were probably admired in the first emperor? What were probably
feared?
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Took away the nobles’ weapons
Gave the farmers land which also gave them power
Nobles should fear farmers who are more numerous and have weapons
Made coins with holes in them to string
Recognized the importance of the farmer; power
Writing system
Artist value of the terra cotta warriors
How was Shihuangdi able to gain control over China?
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Protected by the Huang River
Protected on other side by Qinling Mountains
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1. How did farmers make Shihuangdi’s Empire strong?
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Employed as soldiers
They owned land
Fed the empire and the emperor